Question 1

_____ is defined as a descriptive technique in which one observes and reports on a single case.

Accepted Answer

A)  The case history 
B)  Naturalistic observation 
C)  Archival research 
D)  The casebook method 
A)  The case history 
B)  Naturalistic observation 
C)  Archival research 
D)  The casebook method

Question 2

In an observational study of children in a third-grade classroom, you select one participant at a time for observation. This is an example of _____ sampling.

Accepted Answer

A)  unit 
B)  event 
C)  time 
D)  individual 
A)  unit 
B)  event 
C)  time 
D)  individual

Question 3

When assessing the quality of different studies to be meta-analyzed, _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  the refereed-nonrefereed dimension is the best 
B)  the articles in nonrefereed journals should be given greater weight 
C)  you can have experts on methodology evaluate articles 
D)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  the refereed-nonrefereed dimension is the best 
B)  the articles in nonrefereed journals should be given greater weight 
C)  you can have experts on methodology evaluate articles 
D)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 4

Broca's case study of Tan is a good example of content analysis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

In _____, a researcher becomes immersed in the behavioral or social system being studied.

Accepted Answer

A)  naturalistic observation 
B)  ethnography 
C)  sociometry 
D)  archival research 
A)  naturalistic observation 
B)  ethnography 
C)  sociometry 
D)  archival research

Question 6

In an ethnographic study, if you decide to conduct your observations as a functioning member of the group you are studying, you are using:

Accepted Answer

A)  sociometry. 
B)  naturalistic observation. 
C)  participant observation. 
D)  nonparticipant observation. 
A)  sociometry. 
B)  naturalistic observation. 
C)  participant observation. 
D)  nonparticipant observation.

Question 7

A meta-analysis is limited to comparing or combining two studies.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

When comparing studies, looking at _____ is the preferred technique.

Accepted Answer

A)  p values 
B)  t or F values 
C)  effect sizes 
D)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  p values 
B)  t or F values 
C)  effect sizes 
D)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 9

A drawback of using percent agreement to assess interrater reliability is that it:

Accepted Answer

A)  may understate the degree of agreement, especially if an exact match is used to define agreement. 
B)  gives you only a raw estimate of agreement. 
C)  may overstate the degree of agreement when behaviors occur with very high or low frequency, as these have high levels of chance agreement. 
D)  All of the answers are correct. 
A)  may understate the degree of agreement, especially if an exact match is used to define agreement. 
B)  gives you only a raw estimate of agreement. 
C)  may overstate the degree of agreement when behaviors occur with very high or low frequency, as these have high levels of chance agreement. 
D)  All of the answers are correct.

Question 10

Outline the steps you must take when doing a content analysis.

Accepted Answer

Content analysis is a research method us

Question 11

The frequency method, the duration method, and the intervals method are used to quantify behavior in an observational study.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

_____ is defined as the degree to which two or more observers agree in their classification or quantification of behavior.

Accepted Answer

A)  Intraclass correlation 
B)  Experimenter bias 
C)  Interrater reliability 
D)  Naturalistic observation 
A)  Intraclass correlation 
B)  Experimenter bias 
C)  Interrater reliability 
D)  Naturalistic observation

Question 13

You are interested in studying the mating habits of chimpanzees. Consequently, you travel to Africa and observe a group of chimpanzees from afar. The method being used in this example is:

Accepted Answer

A)  participant observation. 
B)  naturalistic observation. 
C)  field experimentation. 
D)  content analysis. 
A)  participant observation. 
B)  naturalistic observation. 
C)  field experimentation. 
D)  content analysis.

Question 14

_____ include both the general and specific classes of behavior one is interested in observing.

Accepted Answer

A)  Behavioral categories 
B)  Social interactions 
C)  Action classes 
D)  Frequency counts 
A)  Behavioral categories 
B)  Social interactions 
C)  Action classes 
D)  Frequency counts

Question 15

The purpose of sociometry is to identify why the members of a group develop certain social relations within the group.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Which of the following is a concern you might have if you were planning an archival study?

Accepted Answer

A)  How to gain access to the records you need 
B)  Which specific aspects of the archived material to focus on 
C)  How complete the records you are studying will be 
D)  All of the answers are correct 
A)  How to gain access to the records you need 
B)  Which specific aspects of the archived material to focus on 
C)  How complete the records you are studying will be 
D)  All of the answers are correct

Question 17

Selecting one observer as a main observer is a way to deal with:

Accepted Answer

A)  observer bias. 
B)  data from multiple observers. 
C)  low interrater reliability. 
D)  All of the answers are correct. 
A)  observer bias. 
B)  data from multiple observers. 
C)  low interrater reliability. 
D)  All of the answers are correct.

Question 18

When multiple observers disagree and you have recorded the behavior electronically and can review it, a good solution is to:

Accepted Answer

A)  select one observer's data as reliable and disregard the rest. 
B)  have the observers meet and resolve any discrepancies. 
C)  throw out the observers' data and score the behavior yourself. 
D)  threaten to punish your observers if they don't get their act together. 
A)  select one observer's data as reliable and disregard the rest. 
B)  have the observers meet and resolve any discrepancies. 
C)  throw out the observers' data and score the behavior yourself. 
D)  threaten to punish your observers if they don't get their act together.

Question 19

Compare and contrast meta-analyses and traditional literature reviews.

Accepted Answer

Meta-analyses and traditional literature

Question 20

Which of the following is a defining characteristic of content analysis as a nonexperimental research design?

Accepted Answer

A)  It should have generality. 
B)  It should be subjective. 
C)  It should be random and unstructured. 
D)  It should avoid archival sources for analysis. 
A)  It should have generality. 
B)  It should be subjective. 
C)  It should be random and unstructured. 
D)  It should avoid archival sources for analysis.

_____ is defined as a descriptive technique in which one observes and reports on a single case.

In an observational study of children in a third-grade classroom, you select one participant at a time for observation. This is an example of _____ sampling.

When assessing the quality of different studies to be meta-analyzed, _____.

Broca's case study of Tan is a good example of content analysis.

In _____, a researcher becomes immersed in the behavioral or social system being studied.

In an ethnographic study, if you decide to conduct your observations as a functioning member of the group you are studying, you are using:

A meta-analysis is limited to comparing or combining two studies.

When comparing studies, looking at _____ is the preferred technique.

A drawback of using percent agreement to assess interrater reliability is that it:

Outline the steps you must take when doing a content analysis.

The frequency method, the duration method, and the intervals method are used to quantify behavior in an observational study.

_____ is defined as the degree to which two or more observers agree in their classification or quantification of behavior.

You are interested in studying the mating habits of chimpanzees. Consequently, you travel to Africa and observe a group of chimpanzees from afar. The method being used in this example is:

_____ include both the general and specific classes of behavior one is interested in observing.

The purpose of sociometry is to identify why the members of a group develop certain social relations within the group.

Which of the following is a concern you might have if you were planning an archival study?

Selecting one observer as a main observer is a way to deal with:

When multiple observers disagree and you have recorded the behavior electronically and can review it, a good solution is to:

Compare and contrast meta-analyses and traditional literature reviews.

Which of the following is a defining characteristic of content analysis as a nonexperimental research design?

Explaining Behavior

Developing and Evaluating Theories of Behavior

Getting Ideas for Research

Choosing a Research Design

Making Systematic Observations

Choosing and Using Research Subjects

Understanding Ethical Issues in the Research Process

Doing Survey Research

Using Between-Subjects and Within-Subjects Experimental Designs

Using Specialized Research Designs

Using Single-Subject Designs

Describing Data

Using Inferential Statistics

Using Multivariate Design and Analysis

Reporting Your Research Results

Filters

Exam 8: Doing Nonexperimental Research

_____ is defined as a descriptive technique in which one observes and reports on a single case.

In an observational study of children in a third-grade classroom, you select one participant at a time for observation. This is an example of _____ sampling.

When assessing the quality of different studies to be meta-analyzed, _____.

Broca's case study of Tan is a good example of content analysis.

In _____, a researcher becomes immersed in the behavioral or social system being studied.

In an ethnographic study, if you decide to conduct your observations as a functioning member of the group you are studying, you are using:

A meta-analysis is limited to comparing or combining two studies.

When comparing studies, looking at _____ is the preferred technique.

A drawback of using percent agreement to assess interrater reliability is that it:

Outline the steps you must take when doing a content analysis.

The frequency method, the duration method, and the intervals method are used to quantify behavior in an observational study.

_____ is defined as the degree to which two or more observers agree in their classification or quantification of behavior.

You are interested in studying the mating habits of chimpanzees. Consequently, you travel to Africa and observe a group of chimpanzees from afar. The method being used in this example is:

_____ include both the general and specific classes of behavior one is interested in observing.

The purpose of sociometry is to identify why the members of a group develop certain social relations within the group.

Which of the following is a concern you might have if you were planning an archival study?

Selecting one observer as a main observer is a way to deal with:

When multiple observers disagree and you have recorded the behavior electronically and can review it, a good solution is to:

Compare and contrast meta-analyses and traditional literature reviews.

Which of the following is a defining characteristic of content analysis as a nonexperimental research design?

Explaining Behavior

Developing and Evaluating Theories of Behavior

Getting Ideas for Research

Choosing a Research Design

Making Systematic Observations

Choosing and Using Research Subjects

Understanding Ethical Issues in the Research Process

Doing Survey Research

Using Between-Subjects and Within-Subjects Experimental Designs

Using Specialized Research Designs

Using Single-Subject Designs

Describing Data

Using Inferential Statistics

Using Multivariate Design and Analysis

Reporting Your Research Results

Filters