Question 1

Poorly conceptualized behavioral categories affect the quality of the results from an observational study.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

A _____ is a method of reviewing and summarizing literature in which you statistically combine or compare the results from different studies.

Accepted Answer

A)  traditional literature review 
B)  meta-analysis 
C)  literature analysis 
D)  library research analysis 
A)  traditional literature review 
B)  meta-analysis 
C)  literature analysis 
D)  library research analysis

Question 3

A _____ is a graphical representation of the pattern of interpersonal relationships (such as friendships) within a group.

Accepted Answer

A)  sociogram 
B)  frequency histogram 
C)  Venn diagram 
D)  social chart 
A)  sociogram 
B)  frequency histogram 
C)  Venn diagram 
D)  social chart

Question 4

Outline how you would go about doing a meta-analysis. What problems would you face, and how would you deal with them?

Accepted Answer

Meta-analysis is a statistical method us

Question 5

Rosenthal (1984) has argued that studies using different methods should:

Accepted Answer

A)  be meta-analyzed separately. 
B)  not be meta-analyzed at all. 
C)  be blocked according to the method used and analyzed accordingly. 
D)  be discarded from a meta-analysis. 
A)  be meta-analyzed separately. 
B)  not be meta-analyzed at all. 
C)  be blocked according to the method used and analyzed accordingly. 
D)  be discarded from a meta-analysis.

Question 6

_____ is used when one wants to analyze a written or spoken record for the occurrence of specific categories or events, items, or behavior.

Accepted Answer

A)  Ethnography 
B)  Naturalistic observation 
C)  Content analysis 
D)  Hermeneutics 
A)  Ethnography 
B)  Naturalistic observation 
C)  Content analysis 
D)  Hermeneutics

Question 7

List and evaluate the various meta-analytic techniques for comparing and combining two research studies.

Accepted Answer

Meta-analytic techniques are statistical

Question 8

To compute _____, you begin by constructing a table in which the columns represent observers' ratings and the rows represent the participants observed.

Accepted Answer

A)  percent agreement 
B)  an intraclass correlation coefficient (IC
C)  
C)  Cohen's Kappa 
D)  Pearson's product-moment correlation 
A)  percent agreement 
B)  an intraclass correlation coefficient (IC
C)  
C)  Cohen's Kappa 
D)  Pearson's product-moment correlation

Question 9

In naturalistic observation, the mere act of observing may disturb your subjects. To combat this possibility, you as an observer may:

Accepted Answer

A)  use special equipment, such as a blind, to prevent the subjects from detecting your presence. 
B)  habituate your subjects to your presence. 
C)  ask them to pretend that you aren't there. 
D)  use a blind to avoid detection or habituate your subjects to your presence. 
A)  use special equipment, such as a blind, to prevent the subjects from detecting your presence. 
B)  habituate your subjects to your presence. 
C)  ask them to pretend that you aren't there. 
D)  use a blind to avoid detection or habituate your subjects to your presence.

Question 10

If you wanted to determine the average size of an effect reported in literature, you would combine studies statistically.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

What are the defining characteristics of a content analysis? Discuss the limitations of content analysis as a nonexperimental research design.

Accepted Answer

Content analysis is a research method us

Question 12

Both the case history method and archival research are:

Accepted Answer

A)  unethical. 
B)  experimental techniques used with observational research. 
C)  purely descriptive, and therefore, causal relationships cannot be established based on these. 
D)  suitable for use in the laboratory as well as in the field. 
A)  unethical. 
B)  experimental techniques used with observational research. 
C)  purely descriptive, and therefore, causal relationships cannot be established based on these. 
D)  suitable for use in the laboratory as well as in the field.

Question 13

Cohen's Kappa (K) is a popular method of assessing interrater reliability that provides a measure of agreement between two observers coding on a nominal scale.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

In order to avoid the problem of observer bias in a content analysis, a "blind" observer should be used to do the analysis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which of the following would be an example of the intervals method of quantifying behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  Counting the number of times that a behavior occurs during successive 2-minute intervals 
B)  Recording how long a behavior lasts across time intervals 
C)  Dividing observation time into discrete periods and recording whether or not a behavior occurs within each period 
D)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  Counting the number of times that a behavior occurs during successive 2-minute intervals 
B)  Recording how long a behavior lasts across time intervals 
C)  Dividing observation time into discrete periods and recording whether or not a behavior occurs within each period 
D)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 16

Which of the following is a method that is used to develop valid behavioral categories?

Accepted Answer

A)  Making some preliminary observations and basing your categories on these observations 
B)  Conducting a literature search to get some ideas about relevant behavioral categories 
C)  Conducting your study and then adjusting behavioral categories when you analyze your data 
D)  Making some preliminary observations and conducting a literature search to get some ideas about relevant behavioral categories 
A)  Making some preliminary observations and basing your categories on these observations 
B)  Conducting a literature search to get some ideas about relevant behavioral categories 
C)  Conducting your study and then adjusting behavioral categories when you analyze your data 
D)  Making some preliminary observations and conducting a literature search to get some ideas about relevant behavioral categories

Poorly conceptualized behavioral categories affect the quality of the results from an observational study.

A _____ is a method of reviewing and summarizing literature in which you statistically combine or compare the results from different studies.

A _____ is a graphical representation of the pattern of interpersonal relationships (such as friendships) within a group.

Outline how you would go about doing a meta-analysis. What problems would you face, and how would you deal with them?

Rosenthal (1984) has argued that studies using different methods should:

_____ is used when one wants to analyze a written or spoken record for the occurrence of specific categories or events, items, or behavior.

List and evaluate the various meta-analytic techniques for comparing and combining two research studies.

To compute _____, you begin by constructing a table in which the columns represent observers' ratings and the rows represent the participants observed.

In naturalistic observation, the mere act of observing may disturb your subjects. To combat this possibility, you as an observer may:

If you wanted to determine the average size of an effect reported in literature, you would combine studies statistically.

What are the defining characteristics of a content analysis? Discuss the limitations of content analysis as a nonexperimental research design.

Both the case history method and archival research are:

Cohen's Kappa (K) is a popular method of assessing interrater reliability that provides a measure of agreement between two observers coding on a nominal scale.

In order to avoid the problem of observer bias in a content analysis, a "blind" observer should be used to do the analysis.

Which of the following would be an example of the intervals method of quantifying behavior?

Which of the following is a method that is used to develop valid behavioral categories?

Explaining Behavior

Developing and Evaluating Theories of Behavior

Getting Ideas for Research

Choosing a Research Design

Making Systematic Observations

Choosing and Using Research Subjects

Understanding Ethical Issues in the Research Process

Doing Survey Research

Using Between-Subjects and Within-Subjects Experimental Designs

Using Specialized Research Designs

Using Single-Subject Designs

Describing Data

Using Inferential Statistics

Using Multivariate Design and Analysis

Reporting Your Research Results

Filters

Exam 8: Doing Nonexperimental Research

Poorly conceptualized behavioral categories affect the quality of the results from an observational study.

A _____ is a method of reviewing and summarizing literature in which you statistically combine or compare the results from different studies.

A _____ is a graphical representation of the pattern of interpersonal relationships (such as friendships) within a group.

Outline how you would go about doing a meta-analysis. What problems would you face, and how would you deal with them?

Rosenthal (1984) has argued that studies using different methods should:

_____ is used when one wants to analyze a written or spoken record for the occurrence of specific categories or events, items, or behavior.

List and evaluate the various meta-analytic techniques for comparing and combining two research studies.

To compute _____, you begin by constructing a table in which the columns represent observers' ratings and the rows represent the participants observed.

In naturalistic observation, the mere act of observing may disturb your subjects. To combat this possibility, you as an observer may:

If you wanted to determine the average size of an effect reported in literature, you would combine studies statistically.

What are the defining characteristics of a content analysis? Discuss the limitations of content analysis as a nonexperimental research design.

Both the case history method and archival research are:

Cohen's Kappa (K) is a popular method of assessing interrater reliability that provides a measure of agreement between two observers coding on a nominal scale.

In order to avoid the problem of observer bias in a content analysis, a "blind" observer should be used to do the analysis.

Which of the following would be an example of the intervals method of quantifying behavior?

Which of the following is a method that is used to develop valid behavioral categories?

Explaining Behavior

Developing and Evaluating Theories of Behavior

Getting Ideas for Research

Choosing a Research Design

Making Systematic Observations

Choosing and Using Research Subjects

Understanding Ethical Issues in the Research Process

Doing Survey Research

Using Between-Subjects and Within-Subjects Experimental Designs

Using Specialized Research Designs

Using Single-Subject Designs

Describing Data

Using Inferential Statistics

Using Multivariate Design and Analysis

Reporting Your Research Results

Filters