Exam 6: D: Conditioning and Learning

You go through a series of steps in making a six-tier wedding cake with the "oohs" and "ahhs" of the wedding guests and your payment being the reinforcement for the numerous steps you completed in this example of __________.

Jamal works for a department store that pays him $50 for every three bicycles he assembles; thus,Jamal is on a variable interval schedule of reinforcement.

Presenting the conditioned stimulus without the unconditioned stimulus will result in stimulus generalization.

A teacher wants her students to study steadily across the semester.What kind of schedule of reinforcement could she put her quizzes on in order to produce a steady rate of responding,and explain why this schedule would be more successful than the other schedules of reinforcement?

The concept of response chaining helps explain how the entire sequence of events necessary to prepare a meal is reinforced by the final dining experience.

Using a computer or playing a musical instrument can occur in the absence of obvious,tangible reinforcers,such as a food reward,because of the adaptive value of feedback.

Classical and operant conditioning are the two types of __________ learning.

If you wear sunglasses to escape the glare of the sun,then you are wearing the sunglasses because of __________reinforcement.

Sara wears the same bracelet to class each time she has a major test because she believes that wearing this piece of jewelry will assure her an A just like she got on the first test when she was wearing the bracelet.Sara is exhibiting a(n)__________ behavior.

Because punishment is aversive,people and situations associated with punishment tend to become feared,resented,or disliked through __________ conditioning.

Three-year-old Jake ran up to the neighbor's new lab puppy.The puppy barked loudly and playfully jumped up on Jake,knocking him down.Although Jake was not hurt,the experience did frighten him.The next time he saw the lab puppy,he hugged his mother's knees and began to cry.Regarding the development of Jake's fear of dogs,this puppy served as the conditioned stimulus.

Skills,such as dancing,tying your shoe,or playing a guitar,are most easily learned through __________ learning.

Negative reinforcement is a type of punishment that decreases the behavior it follows.

Frequent spankings tend to decrease aggression and reduce problem behaviors.

Little Armondo is afraid of dogs.He also shows a fear of other furry animals,such as cats and rabbits.Armondo is exhibiting simulus __________.

Describe three problems that occur as punishment increases in severity.

Whether we drive our car across an intersection depends on if the traffic light is red or green,which illustrates the principle of __________.

Events that occur after a response are called __________.

Advertisers often try to use higher order conditioning by pairing images that evoke good feelings with pictures of their products.

Your friend tells you that "negative reinforcement is a type of punishment." Explain why your friend is VERY WRONG about these concepts by giving the definition and an example of each concept.