Exam 6: D: Conditioning and Learning

In Pavlov's experiment,the dog's salivation to the food is referred to as the __________ response.

In Bandura's classic Bo-Bo doll experiment,most of the children imitated all of the models,whether live,filmed,or cartoon.

Facts or principles gained by insight that often lead to a better understanding of new or unusual problems describes __________ learning.

You are a very good bowler now,but you did not start out that way.Your father reinforced you for each small improvement you made over several months through a process known as shaping.

When Erica broke her curfew,her parents took away all of her phone and car privileges for a week.Erica's parents are using the type of punishment known as __________.

Developing a fear of sharks after watching a movie that depicts "man-eating sharks" would have to take place through vicarious classical conditioning.

Every time Mac's dog heard the sound of the electric can opener he began to salivate because he associated the sound with the food.In this example,the dog's salivation to the sound of the can opener would be the unconditioned response.

Food,water,pain reduction,sex,and brain stimulation are all considered to be primary reinforcers.

Internal images or other mental representations of an area (maze,city,campus,etc.)that underlie an ability to choose alternative paths to the same goal refers to a(n)__________.

The process through which a response is taught by rewarding successive approximations to the final desired response is referred to as __________.

Explain how the classical conditioning of an eye blink came to be used as a diagnostic tool,and how various conditions have been diagnosed using it.

Psychologist Joseph Steinmetz found that people with autism,obsessive compulsive disorder,fetal alcohol syndrome,and schizophrenia show unusual eye blink conditioning.

Watching a great deal of televised violence can cause a person to be less likely to react negatively to the violence,which involves the person being __________ to the violence.

A tangible secondary reinforcer,such as money,gold stars,or poker chips,that can be exchanged for food,lodgings,and other necessities is referred to as a(n)__________ reinforcer.

A strategy for breaking bad habits that involves trying to get the same reinforcement using a new response is known as the strategy of cues and antecedents.

Your dog jumps up on you when you get home; and you eliminate this behavior by ignoring the dog when it jumps on you.The ignoring of this response would be an example of operant extinction.

Choosing a target behavior,recording a baseline,establishing goals,choosing reinforcers,recording progress,rewarding progress,and adjusting one's plan are the steps making up a procedure known as __________.

When your professor gives you back a graded test,being able to see your errors and corrected answers provides you with information about your progress in class,which is known as __________.

Tommy's mother slaps his hand as punishment when he tries to sneak his third before-dinner cookie; therefore,we can expect Tommy's cookie-sneaking to completely disappear.

In Thorndike's law of effect,events critical for conditioning occur before the response.