Question 1

Pasteurization of milk is an example of a disease control measure aimed at

Accepted Answer

A)  preventing host-to-host transmission. 
B)  controlling the disease vector. 
C)  preventing common source diseases. 
D)  eliminating the disease reservoir. 
A)  preventing host-to-host transmission. 
B)  controlling the disease vector. 
C)  preventing common source diseases. 
D)  eliminating the disease reservoir. C

Question 2

A marked seasonality to a disease is often indicative of

Accepted Answer

A)  certain modes of transmission. 
B)  the presence of carriers. 
C)  a zoonotic infection. 
D)  a bacterial disease. 
A)  certain modes of transmission. 
B)  the presence of carriers. 
C)  a zoonotic infection. 
D)  a bacterial disease. A

Question 3

Epidemiological studies of AIDS in Africa have confirmed that ________ transmission of the virus is the norm in that region.

Accepted Answer

A)  fomite 
B)  indirect 
C)  heterosexual 
D)  homosexual 
A)  fomite 
B)  indirect 
C)  heterosexual 
D)  homosexual C

Question 4

Which group of organisms is difficult to control through immunization because of their rapid and unpredictable genetic mutations?

Accepted Answer

A)  vector-borne organisms 
B)  RNA viruses 
C)  Archaea 
D)  DNA viruses 
A)  vector-borne organisms 
B)  RNA viruses 
C)  Archaea 
D)  DNA viruses

Question 5

Filoviruses (such as Ebola virus)that cause severe hemorrhagic fevers generally have high ________ but low ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  incidence / prevalence 
B)  prevalence / mortality 
C)  mortality / morbidity 
D)  morbidity / mortality 
A)  incidence / prevalence 
B)  prevalence / mortality 
C)  mortality / morbidity 
D)  morbidity / mortality

Question 6

What happened in Australia when rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus was released to control the rabbit population?

Accepted Answer

The rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus was

Question 7

The number of ill individuals within a population is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  morbidity. 
B)  mortality. 
C)  residency. 
D)  prevalence. 
A)  morbidity. 
B)  mortality. 
C)  residency. 
D)  prevalence.

Question 8

Why did the H1N1 strain of influenza virus cause a pandemic in 2009?

Accepted Answer

A)  The H1N1 virus had a mutation that increased the mortality associated with infection. 
B)  The H1N1 virus had a mutation that increased the basic reproduction number of the virus. 
C)  The H1N1 virus underwent a significant antigenic shift compared to other circulating strains of influenza. 
D)  The H1N1 virus acquired a new gene from pigs that resulted in increased virulence. 
A)  The H1N1 virus had a mutation that increased the mortality associated with infection. 
B)  The H1N1 virus had a mutation that increased the basic reproduction number of the virus. 
C)  The H1N1 virus underwent a significant antigenic shift compared to other circulating strains of influenza. 
D)  The H1N1 virus acquired a new gene from pigs that resulted in increased virulence.

Question 9

The onset of a given epidemic is indicated by a sharp rise in the number of cases reported daily over a brief interval.This indicates that the mode of transmission is

Accepted Answer

A)  host to host. 
B)  a common source. 
C)  insect vector. 
D)  mechanical vector. 
A)  host to host. 
B)  a common source. 
C)  insect vector. 
D)  mechanical vector.

Question 10

Potential candidates for biological warfare

Accepted Answer

A)  are generally gram-negative rather than gram-positive. 
B)  can be virtually any pathogenic bacterium or virus. 
C)  are eukaryotic rather than prokaryotic. 
D)  must be genetically engineered to be effective. 
A)  are generally gram-negative rather than gram-positive. 
B)  can be virtually any pathogenic bacterium or virus. 
C)  are eukaryotic rather than prokaryotic. 
D)  must be genetically engineered to be effective.

Question 11

A disease that is transferred by direct intimate contact with a mortality rate over 90% would be an effective biological weapon.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

A disease that is present in unusually high numbers throughout the world is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  endemic. 
B)  epidemic. 
C)  sporadic. 
D)  pandemic. 
A)  endemic. 
B)  epidemic. 
C)  sporadic. 
D)  pandemic.

Question 13

The MOST common vectorborne disease in the United States is

Accepted Answer

A)  influenza A. 
B)  Lyme disease. 
C)  malaria. 
D)  pneumonia. 
A)  influenza A. 
B)  Lyme disease. 
C)  malaria. 
D)  pneumonia.

Question 14

A ________ is a disease that primarily infects animals but can be transmitted to humans.

Accepted Answer

A)  nosocomial infection 
B)  zoonosis 
C)  vector infection 
D)  mudurane 
A)  nosocomial infection 
B)  zoonosis 
C)  vector infection 
D)  mudurane

Question 15

The basic reproduction number of a pathogen

Accepted Answer

A)  can vary during an epidemic based on infection control measures. 
B)  can be determined experimentally in the lab. 
C)  is usually high for pathogens that are transmitted through direct contact. 
D)  can be determined experimentally and is usually high for pathogens that are transmitted through direct contact. 
A)  can vary during an epidemic based on infection control measures. 
B)  can be determined experimentally in the lab. 
C)  is usually high for pathogens that are transmitted through direct contact. 
D)  can be determined experimentally and is usually high for pathogens that are transmitted through direct contact.

Question 16

With regards to mode of disease transmission,respiratory pathogens are generally ________,and intestinal pathogens are generally spread by contaminated ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  spread by direct contact / vectors 
B)  spread by indirect contact / carriers 
C)  more transmissible / needles 
D)  airborne / food or water 
A)  spread by direct contact / vectors 
B)  spread by indirect contact / carriers 
C)  more transmissible / needles 
D)  airborne / food or water

Question 17

Treponema pallidum is extremely sensitive to temperature changes and low moisture,thus it is transmitted

Accepted Answer

A)  by intimate person-to-person contact. 
B)  by fomites. 
C)  by vectors. 
D)  through common sources such as food and water. 
A)  by intimate person-to-person contact. 
B)  by fomites. 
C)  by vectors. 
D)  through common sources such as food and water.

Question 18

An example of a cyclical disease is

Accepted Answer

A)  diphtheria. 
B)  smallpox. 
C)  influenza. 
D)  anthrax. 
A)  diphtheria. 
B)  smallpox. 
C)  influenza. 
D)  anthrax.

Question 19

Which of the following diseases is NOT normally spread by a common source?

Accepted Answer

A)  measles 
B)  foodborne diseases 
C)  waterborne diseases 
D)  cholera 
A)  measles 
B)  foodborne diseases 
C)  waterborne diseases 
D)  cholera

Question 20

Which public health measure(s)is/are MOST effective against pathogens transmitted through common vehicles?

Accepted Answer

A)  water purification 
B)  mosquito control 
C)  food safety regulations 
D)  water purification and food safety regulations 
A)  water purification 
B)  mosquito control 
C)  food safety regulations 
D)  water purification and food safety regulations

Exam 28: Epidemiology

Pasteurization of milk is an example of a disease control measure aimed at

A marked seasonality to a disease is often indicative of

Epidemiological studies of AIDS in Africa have confirmed that ________ transmission of the virus is the norm in that region.

Which group of organisms is difficult to control through immunization because of their rapid and unpredictable genetic mutations?

Filoviruses (such as Ebola virus)that cause severe hemorrhagic fevers generally have high ________ but low ________.

What happened in Australia when rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus was released to control the rabbit population?

The number of ill individuals within a population is referred to as

Why did the H1N1 strain of influenza virus cause a pandemic in 2009?

The onset of a given epidemic is indicated by a sharp rise in the number of cases reported daily over a brief interval.This indicates that the mode of transmission is

Potential candidates for biological warfare

A disease that is transferred by direct intimate contact with a mortality rate over 90% would be an effective biological weapon.

A disease that is present in unusually high numbers throughout the world is called a(n)

The MOST common vectorborne disease in the United States is

A ________ is a disease that primarily infects animals but can be transmitted to humans.

The basic reproduction number of a pathogen

With regards to mode of disease transmission,respiratory pathogens are generally ________,and intestinal pathogens are generally spread by contaminated ________.

Treponema pallidum is extremely sensitive to temperature changes and low moisture,thus it is transmitted

An example of a cyclical disease is

Which of the following diseases is NOT normally spread by a common source?

Which public health measure(s)is/are MOST effective against pathogens transmitted through common vehicles?

Microorganisms and Microbiology

Microbial Cell Structure and Function

Microbial Metabolism

Molecular Biology

Microbial Growth and Control

Microbial Genomics

Metabolic Regulation

Viruses and Virology

Viral Genomes and Diversity

Genetics of Bacteria and Archaea

Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology

Microbial Evolution and Systematics

Metabolic Diversity of Microorganisms

Functional Diversity of Bacteria

Diversity of Bacteria

Diversity of Archaea

Diversity of Eukaryotic Microorganisms

Methods in Microbial Ecology

Microbial Ecosystems

Nutrient Cycles

Microbiology of the Built Environment

Microbial Symbioses

Microbial Interactions With Humans

Immunity and Host Defense

Immune Mechanisms

Molecular Immunology

Diagnostic Microbiology

Person-To-Person Bacterial and Viral Diseases

Vectorborne and Soilborne Bacterial and Viral Diseases

Water and Food As Vehicles of Bacterial Diseases

Eukaryotic Pathogens: Fungal and Parasitic Diseases

Filters

Filoviruses (such as Ebola virus)that cause severe hemorrhagic fevers generally have high but low .

With regards to mode of disease transmission,respiratory pathogens are generally ,and intestinal pathogens are generally spread by contaminated .