Question 1

The most medically important bacteria sought in the medical laboratory are cultivated using incubators with temperatures maintained in what range?

Accepted Answer

A) 35°C to 37°C 
B) 30°C to 35°C 
C) 37°C to 39°C 
D) 25°C to 35°C 
A) 35°C to 37°C 
B) 30°C to 35°C 
C) 37°C to 39°C 
D) 25°C to 35°C A

Question 2

Which category of media can be described as containing some factor or factors that allow colonies of one bacterial species or type to exhibit certain metabolic or culture characteristics that can be used to distinguish them from other bacteria growing on the same agar plate?

Accepted Answer

A) Enrichment 
B) Supportive 
C) Selective 
D) Differential 
A) Enrichment 
B) Supportive 
C) Selective 
D) Differential D

Question 3

A candle jar is used to cultivate which type of bacteria?

Accepted Answer

A) Aerobes 
B) Anaerobes 
C) Capnophiles 
D) Microaerophiles 
A) Aerobes 
B) Anaerobes 
C) Capnophiles 
D) Microaerophiles C

Question 4

In which category of media would MacConkey agar best fit?

Accepted Answer

A) Selective 
B) Differential 
C) Selective and differential 
D) Supportive only 
A) Selective 
B) Differential 
C) Selective and differential 
D) Supportive only

Question 5

In which category of media would blood agar best fit?

Accepted Answer

A) Selective 
B) Differential 
C) Selective and differential 
D) Supportive only 
A) Selective 
B) Differential 
C) Selective and differential 
D) Supportive only

Question 6

Which medium can be described as a nutritionally rich medium used to grow various microorganisms,either as a broth or as an agar,with or without added blood?

Accepted Answer

A) Chocolate 
B) Colistin,nalidixic acid (CN
A) blood 
C) Brain-heart infusion (BHI) 
D) Thioglycollate broth 
A) Chocolate 
B) Colistin,nalidixic acid (CN
A) blood 
C) Brain-heart infusion (BHI) 
D) Thioglycollate broth

Question 7

The role of the agar ingredient in culture medium is to:

Accepted Answer

A) provide a nutritional base for bacterial metabolism. 
B) solidify the medium and provide a stable culture surface. 
C) sterilize the medium and prevent contamination. 
D) support the growth of only pathogenic organisms. 
A) provide a nutritional base for bacterial metabolism. 
B) solidify the medium and provide a stable culture surface. 
C) sterilize the medium and prevent contamination. 
D) support the growth of only pathogenic organisms.

Question 8

Which medium can be described as containing hemoglobin,hemin (X factor),and the co-enzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)(V factor)?

Accepted Answer

A) Chocolate 
B) CNA blood 
C) BHI 
D) Thioglycollate broth 
A) Chocolate 
B) CNA blood 
C) BHI 
D) Thioglycollate broth

Question 9

Media function testing should be performed on commercially prepared media when:

Accepted Answer

A) organisms expected to grow on the media demonstrate growth. 
B) daily as required. 
C) on all new lots of media. 
D) only when the identity and growth characteristics appear abnormal. 
A) organisms expected to grow on the media demonstrate growth. 
B) daily as required. 
C) on all new lots of media. 
D) only when the identity and growth characteristics appear abnormal.

Question 10

Colonial morphology that appears as a "checker" or dipped in the middle with raised edges is termed:

Accepted Answer

A) flat. 
B) convex. 
C) umbilicate. 
D) variable. 
A) flat. 
B) convex. 
C) umbilicate. 
D) variable.

Question 11

Quality control from commercially prepared media includes all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

A) receipt and verification of storage or transportation conditions. 
B) visual inspection for discoloration or contamination. 
C) pH the media using litmus paper. 
D) verification of lot numbers and expiration dates. 
A) receipt and verification of storage or transportation conditions. 
B) visual inspection for discoloration or contamination. 
C) pH the media using litmus paper. 
D) verification of lot numbers and expiration dates.

Question 12

Which category of media can be described as containing specific nutrients required for the growth of particular bacterial pathogens in a patient specimen?

Accepted Answer

A) Enrichment 
B) Supportive 
C) Selective 
D) Differential 
A) Enrichment 
B) Supportive 
C) Selective 
D) Differential

Question 13

Increased concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO₂)(5% to 10%)and approximately 15% oxygen (O₂)produce an environmental condition that best suits which type of organism?

Accepted Answer

A) Aerobes 
B) Anaerobes 
C) Capnophiles 
D) Microaerophiles 
A) Aerobes 
B) Anaerobes 
C) Capnophiles 
D) Microaerophiles

Question 14

Primary cultivation of most medically relevant organisms and colonial morphologic interpretations are completed at:

Accepted Answer

A) 6 to 8 hours post inoculation. 
B) 16 to 18 hours post inoculation. 
C) 18 to 24 hours post inoculation. 
D) 16 to 24 hours post inoculation. 
A) 6 to 8 hours post inoculation. 
B) 16 to 18 hours post inoculation. 
C) 18 to 24 hours post inoculation. 
D) 16 to 24 hours post inoculation.

Question 15

What name is given to the type of hemolysis that produces incomplete hemolysis and a greening discoloration of the medium?

Accepted Answer

A) β 
B) γ 
C) α 
D) k 
A) β 
B) γ 
C) α 
D) k

Question 16

Interpretation of biochemical tests requires that the microbiologist:

Accepted Answer

A) correlate the biochemical results with the suspect organism identification. 
B) correlate the biochemical results with the preliminary direct smear and staining characteristics. 
C) utilize quality control organisms during interpretation to insure proper functioning of the test protocol. 
D) all of the above are required. 
A) correlate the biochemical results with the suspect organism identification. 
B) correlate the biochemical results with the preliminary direct smear and staining characteristics. 
C) utilize quality control organisms during interpretation to insure proper functioning of the test protocol. 
D) all of the above are required.

Question 17

When streaking for isolation and utilizing semi-quantitative methods,the numbers of colonial growth in successive quadrants correlates directly with:

Accepted Answer

A) the microbiologist's streaking technique. 
B) the relative amount of organism present in the original specimen. 
C) the ability of the organism to grow on the media. 
D) the type of incubation conditions. 
A) the microbiologist's streaking technique. 
B) the relative amount of organism present in the original specimen. 
C) the ability of the organism to grow on the media. 
D) the type of incubation conditions.

Question 18

What name is given to the type of hemolysis that produces complete hemolysis and a clearing of the medium?

Accepted Answer

A) β 
B) γ 
C) α 
D) k 
A) β 
B) γ 
C) α 
D) k

Question 19

A catalase test was performed from a sheep blood agar plate on a colony of streptococci,and bubbling was observed.Which of the following statements explains this discrepancy?

Accepted Answer

A) Catalase is the inappropriate test to use on colonies of streptococci;therefore the results are invalid. 
B) The colony may have been contaminated with sheep red blood cells,causing a false-positive result. 
C) The colony was most likely enterococci,not streptococci. 
D) No discrepancy is present.Streptococcus is a catalase-positive colony. 
A) Catalase is the inappropriate test to use on colonies of streptococci;therefore the results are invalid. 
B) The colony may have been contaminated with sheep red blood cells,causing a false-positive result. 
C) The colony was most likely enterococci,not streptococci. 
D) No discrepancy is present.Streptococcus is a catalase-positive colony.

Question 20

Reduced O₂ (5% to 10%)and increased CO₂ (8% to 10%)produce an environmental condition that best suits which type of organism?

Accepted Answer

A) Aerobes 
B) Anaerobes 
C) Capnophiles 
D) Microaerophiles 
A) Aerobes 
B) Anaerobes 
C) Capnophiles 
D) Microaerophiles

Exam 7: Traditional Cultivation and Identification

The most medically important bacteria sought in the medical laboratory are cultivated using incubators with temperatures maintained in what range?

Which category of media can be described as containing some factor or factors that allow colonies of one bacterial species or type to exhibit certain metabolic or culture characteristics that can be used to distinguish them from other bacteria growing on the same agar plate?

A candle jar is used to cultivate which type of bacteria?

In which category of media would MacConkey agar best fit?

In which category of media would blood agar best fit?

Which medium can be described as a nutritionally rich medium used to grow various microorganisms,either as a broth or as an agar,with or without added blood?

The role of the agar ingredient in culture medium is to:

Which medium can be described as containing hemoglobin,hemin (X factor),and the co-enzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)(V factor)?

Media function testing should be performed on commercially prepared media when:

Colonial morphology that appears as a "checker" or dipped in the middle with raised edges is termed:

Quality control from commercially prepared media includes all of the following except:

Which category of media can be described as containing specific nutrients required for the growth of particular bacterial pathogens in a patient specimen?

Increased concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO₂)(5% to 10%)and approximately 15% oxygen (O₂)produce an environmental condition that best suits which type of organism?

Primary cultivation of most medically relevant organisms and colonial morphologic interpretations are completed at:

What name is given to the type of hemolysis that produces incomplete hemolysis and a greening discoloration of the medium?

Interpretation of biochemical tests requires that the microbiologist:

When streaking for isolation and utilizing semi-quantitative methods,the numbers of colonial growth in successive quadrants correlates directly with:

What name is given to the type of hemolysis that produces complete hemolysis and a clearing of the medium?

A catalase test was performed from a sheep blood agar plate on a colony of streptococci,and bubbling was observed.Which of the following statements explains this discrepancy?

Reduced O₂ (5% to 10%)and increased CO₂ (8% to 10%)produce an environmental condition that best suits which type of organism?

Microbial Taxonomy

Bacterial Genetics, metabolism, and Structure

Host-Microorganism Interactions

Laboratory Safety

Specimen Management

Role of Microscopy

Nucleic Acid-Based Analytic Methods for Microbial Identification and Characterization

Overview of Immunochemical Methods Used for Organism Detection

Principles of Antimicrobial Action Resistance

Laboratory Methods and Strategies for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing

Staphylococcus, Micrococcus, and Similar Organisms

Streptococcus, Enterococcus, and Similar Organisms

Bacillus and Similar Organisms

Listeria Corynebacterium and Similar Organisms

Erysipelothrix, Lactobacillus, and Similar Organisms

Nocardia, Streptomyces, Rhodococcus, Oerskovia, and Similar Organisms

Enterobacteriaceae

Acinetobacter, Stenotrophomonas, and Other Organisms

Pseudomonas, Burkholderia, and Similar Organisms

Achromobacter, Rhizobium, Ochrobactrum, and Similar Organisms

Chryseobacterium, Sphingobacterium, and Similar Organisms

Alcaligenes, Bordetella Nonpertussis, Comamonas, and Similar Organisms

Vibrio, aeromonas, Plesiomonas Shigelloides, and Chromobacterium Violaceum

Sphingomonas Paucimobilis and Similar Organisms

Moraxella

Eikenella Corrodens and Similar Organisms

Pasteurella and Similar Organisms

Actinobacillus, Kingella, Cardiobacterium, Capnocytophaga, and Similar Organisms

Haemophilus

Bartonella and Afipia

Campylobacter, Arcobacter, and Helicobacter

Legionella

Brucella

Bordetella Pertussis and Bordetella Parapertussis

Francisella

Streptobacillus Moniliformis and Spirillum Minus

Neisseria and Moraxella Catarrhalis

Overview and General Considerations

Laboratory Considerations

Mycobacteria

Obligate Intracellular and Non-culturable Bacterial Agents

Cell Walldeficient Bacteria: Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma

The Spirochetes

Overview of the Methods and Strategies in Parasitology

Intestinal Protozoa

Blood and Tissue Protozoa

Protozoa From Other Body Sites

Intestinal Nematodes

Tissue Nematodes

Blood Nematodes

Intestinal Cestodes

Tissue Cestodes

Intestinal Trematodes

Liver and Lung Trematodes

Blood Trematodes

Overview of Fungal Identification Methods and Strategies

Hyaline Molds, Zygomycetes, Dermatophytes, and Opportunistic and Systemic Mycoses

Dematiaceious Molds

Opportunistic Atypical Fungus: Pjirovecii