Question 1

Inexperienced parents of newborn infants should be advised that

Accepted Answer

A) their child's affectional needs are at least as important as his or her physical needs. 
B) compared to a child's affectional needs, his or her physical needs are much more important. 
C) it is imperative that the child bond with only one adult. 
D) regardless of whether their affectional needs are met, children will naturally develop their capacity for warm and loving relationships. 
A) their child's affectional needs are at least as important as his or her physical needs. 
B) compared to a child's affectional needs, his or her physical needs are much more important. 
C) it is imperative that the child bond with only one adult. 
D) regardless of whether their affectional needs are met, children will naturally develop their capacity for warm and loving relationships.

Question 2

Assimilation and accommodation are central to _____'s theory of development.

Accepted Answer

A) Sigmund Freud 
B) Jean Piaget 
C) Ivan Pavlov 
D) Erik Erikson 
A) Sigmund Freud 
B) Jean Piaget 
C) Ivan Pavlov 
D) Erik Erikson

Question 3

Vygotsky realized that some tasks are just beyond a child's reach.However, children receiving sensitive guidance from skilled partners could make rapid progress.Interactions like this are most helpful when they take place within a child's

Accepted Answer

A) zone of proximal development. 
B) zone of vicarious learning. 
C) zone of cognitive development. 
D) zone of intrinsic motivation. 
A) zone of proximal development. 
B) zone of vicarious learning. 
C) zone of cognitive development. 
D) zone of intrinsic motivation.

Question 4

_____ is defined as the understanding that objects continue to exist even when they are out of sight.

Accepted Answer

A) Concrete permanence 
B) Object permanence 
C) Object existence 
D) Object concreteness 
A) Concrete permanence 
B) Object permanence 
C) Object existence 
D) Object concreteness

Question 5

You are playing the game of Monopoly with your nephew.Although he tries to play the game, he cannot understand the instructions and tends to make up his own rules to play by.Your nephew is most likely in the _____ stage of cognitive development.

Accepted Answer

A) sensorimotor 
B) preoperational 
C) concrete operational 
D) formal operations 
A) sensorimotor 
B) preoperational 
C) concrete operational 
D) formal operations

Question 6

Four-year-old Annie is trying to put together her first jigsaw puzzle and has a great deal of difficulty until her father gives her some hints, such as "try putting the corners together first" and "that area looks like it needs pink ones, so lets find all the pink pieces." Annie's father is using the process Vygotsky called

Accepted Answer

A) parentese. 
B) forced teaching. 
C) vicarious learning. 
D) scaffolding. 
A) parentese. 
B) forced teaching. 
C) vicarious learning. 
D) scaffolding.

Question 7

Which of the following observations does NOT support the idea that language is learned?

Accepted Answer

A) Children imitate words spoken by adults. 
B) Children are rewarded for correctly using words. 
C) Children around the world use a limited number of patterns in their first sentences. 
D) When a child makes a language error, parents make needed corrections or ask a clarifying question to draw the child's attention to the error. 
A) Children imitate words spoken by adults. 
B) Children are rewarded for correctly using words. 
C) Children around the world use a limited number of patterns in their first sentences. 
D) When a child makes a language error, parents make needed corrections or ask a clarifying question to draw the child's attention to the error.

Question 8

You are watching television, when your four-year-old son comes into the room and sits on the floor between you and the television, blocking your view.You ask him to move so you can see better, and he moves so that HE can see better.Your son is exhibiting

Accepted Answer

A) a lack of object permanence. 
B) egocentric thought. 
C) naive conservationism. 
D) a lack of intuitive thinking. 
A) a lack of object permanence. 
B) egocentric thought. 
C) naive conservationism. 
D) a lack of intuitive thinking.

Question 9

Recent research on infant cognition suggests that infants appear to know that objects are solid and do not disappear when out of view

Accepted Answer

A) as young as 3 months of age. 
B) only after a lengthy sensorimotor stage. 
C) only after speech has progressed beyond its earliest stages. 
D) around 18 months of age. 
A) as young as 3 months of age. 
B) only after a lengthy sensorimotor stage. 
C) only after speech has progressed beyond its earliest stages. 
D) around 18 months of age.

Question 10

Although it is always risky to make generalizations about groups of people, which of the following conclusion(s) can be drawn about similarities and differences in parenting among ethnic groups in the U.S.?

Accepted Answer

A) African-American, Hispanic, Asian-American, and Arab-American families are all concerned with family pride and loyalty. 
B) Hard work and educational achievement are particularly important to Asian-American and Arab-American families. 
C) Child discipline tends to be strict among African-American, Hispanic, and Arab- American families. 
D) All of these statements are true. 
A) African-American, Hispanic, Asian-American, and Arab-American families are all concerned with family pride and loyalty. 
B) Hard work and educational achievement are particularly important to Asian-American and Arab-American families. 
C) Child discipline tends to be strict among African-American, Hispanic, and Arab- American families. 
D) All of these statements are true.

Question 11

Which of the following psychologists is known for developing a theory of moral development?

Accepted Answer

A) Lev Vygotsky 
B) Erik Erikson 
C) Lawrence Kohlberg 
D) Daniel Levinson 
A) Lev Vygotsky 
B) Erik Erikson 
C) Lawrence Kohlberg 
D) Daniel Levinson

Question 12

Because Rachel is too young to make transformations, she is unable to

Accepted Answer

A) distinguish between a larger circle and a smaller circle. 
B) mentally change the shape of clay from a ball to a worm. 
C) tell who is taller, mommy or daddy. 
D) recognize colors. 
A) distinguish between a larger circle and a smaller circle. 
B) mentally change the shape of clay from a ball to a worm. 
C) tell who is taller, mommy or daddy. 
D) recognize colors.

Question 13

Eleven-year-old Jason wants to go to the movies with his friends but his parents say that he can't.When he asks why, his parents respond that "As long as he's living under their roof, he will do what he's told and not ask any questions." This style of parenting will most likely lead Jason to be a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) dependent, immature child who misbehaves toward family members frequently. 
B) competent, self-controlled, independent, assertive, inquiring child. 
C) emotionally stiff, withdrawn, apprehensive child, lacking in curiosity. 
D) aimless child that is likely to have major problems and get into trouble. 
A) dependent, immature child who misbehaves toward family members frequently. 
B) competent, self-controlled, independent, assertive, inquiring child. 
C) emotionally stiff, withdrawn, apprehensive child, lacking in curiosity. 
D) aimless child that is likely to have major problems and get into trouble.

Question 14

Regarding the child-rearing practices of different cultures, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) Child-rearing practices in different cultures reflect different customs and belief systems. 
B) There is general agreement across cultures about which behaviors are good and bad. 
C) Many American child-rearing customs would be considered strange or inappropriate in other parts of the world. 
D) Cultural differences are especially apparent with respect to the meaning attached to a child's behavior. 
A) Child-rearing practices in different cultures reflect different customs and belief systems. 
B) There is general agreement across cultures about which behaviors are good and bad. 
C) Many American child-rearing customs would be considered strange or inappropriate in other parts of the world. 
D) Cultural differences are especially apparent with respect to the meaning attached to a child's behavior.

Question 15

Which of the following may explain why Piaget underestimated the abilities of infants?

Accepted Answer

A) Limited physical skills were mistaken for limited cognitive skills. 
B) Critical periods were mistaken for sensitive periods. 
C) Babies are reaching physical and mental maturational readiness at an earlier age than when Piaget was observing their behaviors. 
D) The children used in his study may not have developed verbal skills. 
A) Limited physical skills were mistaken for limited cognitive skills. 
B) Critical periods were mistaken for sensitive periods. 
C) Babies are reaching physical and mental maturational readiness at an earlier age than when Piaget was observing their behaviors. 
D) The children used in his study may not have developed verbal skills.

Question 16

Eighteen-month-old Marty is pointing at objects in the park and trying to name them.His mother praises him for his correct labeling, and she tells Marty the correct name for objects he mislabels.This scene illustrates the importance of _____ in language acquisition.

Accepted Answer

A) the language dance 
B) maturation 
C) biological predisposition 
D) learning 
A) the language dance 
B) maturation 
C) biological predisposition 
D) learning

Question 17

Peter is sitting on the floor playing when he waves to his daddy and says "Go bye-bye." He then calls to his cat, "Here Kitty," and later asks his mother for a cookie by saying, "Want cookie." Peter is exhibiting

Accepted Answer

A) cooing. 
B) telegraphic speech. 
C) the single-word stage. 
D) babbling. 
A) cooing. 
B) telegraphic speech. 
C) the single-word stage. 
D) babbling.

Question 18

Which represents the correct order of Piaget's stages of intellectual development?

Accepted Answer

A) sensorimotor, concrete operational, formal operations, postoperational 
B) preoperational, concrete operational, formal operations, sensorimotor 
C) sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal operations 
D) preoperational, informal operational, formal operations, postoperational 
A) sensorimotor, concrete operational, formal operations, postoperational 
B) preoperational, concrete operational, formal operations, sensorimotor 
C) sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal operations 
D) preoperational, informal operational, formal operations, postoperational

Question 19

Evaluations of Piaget's theory have suggested that he

Accepted Answer

A) underestimated the thinking abilities of infants. 
B) mistook babies' limited physical skills for mental incompetence. 
C) underestimated the impact of culture on mental development. 
D) did all of these. 
A) underestimated the thinking abilities of infants. 
B) mistook babies' limited physical skills for mental incompetence. 
C) underestimated the impact of culture on mental development. 
D) did all of these.

Question 20

To be most effective, scaffolding

Accepted Answer

A) should require the child to assimilate. 
B) must be verbal and creative. 
C) must be responsive to a child's needs. 
D) should be withheld until the child asks for assistance. 
A) should require the child to assimilate. 
B) must be verbal and creative. 
C) must be responsive to a child's needs. 
D) should be withheld until the child asks for assistance.

Exam 3: Extension B: Human Development

Inexperienced parents of newborn infants should be advised that

Assimilation and accommodation are central to _____'s theory of development.

Vygotsky realized that some tasks are just beyond a child's reach.However, children receiving sensitive guidance from skilled partners could make rapid progress.Interactions like this are most helpful when they take place within a child's

_____ is defined as the understanding that objects continue to exist even when they are out of sight.

You are playing the game of Monopoly with your nephew.Although he tries to play the game, he cannot understand the instructions and tends to make up his own rules to play by.Your nephew is most likely in the _____ stage of cognitive development.

Which of the following observations does NOT support the idea that language is learned?

You are watching television, when your four-year-old son comes into the room and sits on the floor between you and the television, blocking your view.You ask him to move so you can see better, and he moves so that HE can see better.Your son is exhibiting

Recent research on infant cognition suggests that infants appear to know that objects are solid and do not disappear when out of view

Although it is always risky to make generalizations about groups of people, which of the following conclusion(s) can be drawn about similarities and differences in parenting among ethnic groups in the U.S.?

Which of the following psychologists is known for developing a theory of moral development?

Because Rachel is too young to make transformations, she is unable to

Regarding the child-rearing practices of different cultures, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Which of the following may explain why Piaget underestimated the abilities of infants?

Eighteen-month-old Marty is pointing at objects in the park and trying to name them.His mother praises him for his correct labeling, and she tells Marty the correct name for objects he mislabels.This scene illustrates the importance of _____ in language acquisition.

Peter is sitting on the floor playing when he waves to his daddy and says "Go bye-bye." He then calls to his cat, "Here Kitty," and later asks his mother for a cookie by saying, "Want cookie." Peter is exhibiting

Which represents the correct order of Piaget's stages of intellectual development?

Evaluations of Piaget's theory have suggested that he

To be most effective, scaffolding

Introduction the Psychology

Extension A: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

Extension B: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

Extension C: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

Extension A: Brain and Behavior

Extension B: Brain and Behavior

Extension C: Brain and Behavior

Extension A: Human Development

Extension C: Human Development

Extension D: Human Development

Extension A: Sensation and Reality

Extension B: Sensation and Reality

Extension A: Perceiving the World

Extension B: Perceiving the World

Extension A: States of Consciousness

Extension B: States of Consciousness

Extension C: States of Consciousness

Extension D: States of Consciousness

Extension A: Conditioning and Learning

Extension B: Conditioning and Learning

Extension C: Conditioning and Learning

Extension A: Memory

Extension B: Memory

Extension C: Memory

Extension A: Cognition, Language, Creativity, and Intelligence

Extension B: Cognition, Language, Creativity, and Intelligence

Extension C: Cognition, Language, Creativity, and Intelligence

Extension D: Cognition, Language, Creativity, and Intelligence

Extension A: Motivation and Emotion

Extension B: Motivation and Emotion

Extension C: Motivation and Emotion

Extension D: Motivation and Emotion

Extension A: Gender and Sexuality

Extension B: Gender and Sexuality

Extension C: Gender and Sexuality

Extension A: Personality

Extension B: Personality

Extension C: Personality

Extension D: Personality

Extension A: Health, Stress, and Coping

Extension B: Health, Stress, and Coping

Extension C: Health, Stress, and Coping

Extension A: Psychological Disorders

Extension B: Psychological Disorders

Extension C: Psychological Disorders

Extension D: Psychological Disorders

Extension A: Therapies

Extension B: Therapies

Extension C: Therapies

Extension D: Therapies

Extension A: Social Thinking and Social Influence

Extension B: Social Thinking and Social Influence

Extension C: Social Thinking and Social Influence

Extension A: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

Extension B: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

Extension C: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

Extension A: Applied Psychology

Extension B: Applied Psychology

Extension C: Applied Psychology

Appendix A: Behavioral Statistics

Appendix B: Behavioral Statistics