Question 1

Rats raised in environments that had cages decorated with colorful patterns and filled with platforms, ladders, and cubbyholes

Accepted Answer

A) became overstimulated, confused, and withdrawn. 
B) showed improved performance on maze learning, but no physiological changes of the brain. 
C) showed improved performance on maze learning as well as having larger, heavier brains. 
D) showed no difference in maze performance than rats raised in a normal environment. 
A) became overstimulated, confused, and withdrawn. 
B) showed improved performance on maze learning, but no physiological changes of the brain. 
C) showed improved performance on maze learning as well as having larger, heavier brains. 
D) showed no difference in maze performance than rats raised in a normal environment. C

Question 2

Amy lifts her head, then learns to crawl, then to walk with the development progressing from her head to her feet.This progression illustrates

Accepted Answer

A) the cephalocaudal pattern. 
B) the proximodistal pattern. 
C) habituation. 
D) assimilation. 
A) the cephalocaudal pattern. 
B) the proximodistal pattern. 
C) habituation. 
D) assimilation. A

Question 3

A physician who describes an infant as slow to respond and develop because of congenital problems is attributing the cause of the abnormality to the

Accepted Answer

A) postnatal environment. 
B) infant's heredity. 
C) mother's heredity. 
D) intrauterine environment. 
A) postnatal environment. 
B) infant's heredity. 
C) mother's heredity. 
D) intrauterine environment. D

Question 4

Eric's father is in the military and has been away from home for over nine months without leave and has not seen his son since Eric was two months old.Eric's father comes home and is anxious to spend time with his wife and son.However, during the first few hours of his return, Eric cries and screams when he is alone with his father (without his mother being present.) Eric is exhibiting

Accepted Answer

A) infantile amnesia. 
B) motherese. 
C) egocentricism. 
D) separation anxiety. 
A) infantile amnesia. 
B) motherese. 
C) egocentricism. 
D) separation anxiety.

Question 5

The identifiable patterns of parental caretaking and interaction with children are referred to as

Accepted Answer

A) parental temperament. 
B) parental styles. 
C) childrearing methods. 
D) discipline methods. 
A) parental temperament. 
B) parental styles. 
C) childrearing methods. 
D) discipline methods.

Question 6

Early emotional development follows a pattern closely tied to _____, since even the basic emotions of anger, fear, and joy, which appear unlearned, take time to develop.

Accepted Answer

A) maturation 
B) habituation 
C) resiliency 
D) scaffolding 
A) maturation 
B) habituation 
C) resiliency 
D) scaffolding

Question 7

According to Thomas and Chess, the largest percentage of children (40 percent) display what type of temperament?

Accepted Answer

A) easy 
B) difficult 
C) slow-to-warm-up 
D) generic 
A) easy 
B) difficult 
C) slow-to-warm-up 
D) generic

Question 8

Regarding the research on emotions conducted by Izard and other researchers, which of the following statements is/are TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A) Emotions are "hard-wired" by heredity and related to evolution. 
B) Smiling is one of a baby's most common reactions. 
C) Smiling probably helps babies survive by inviting parents to care for them. 
D) All of these statements are true. 
A) Emotions are "hard-wired" by heredity and related to evolution. 
B) Smiling is one of a baby's most common reactions. 
C) Smiling probably helps babies survive by inviting parents to care for them. 
D) All of these statements are true.

Question 9

Traits that are determined by many genes working in combination are called

Accepted Answer

A) dominant. 
B) recessive. 
C) polymorphic. 
D) polygenic. 
A) dominant. 
B) recessive. 
C) polymorphic. 
D) polygenic.

Question 10

_____ are defects that originate during prenatal development in the womb, while _____ are caused by inherited characteristics.

Accepted Answer

A) Congenital problems; genetic disorders 
B) Genetic disorders; congenital problems 
C) Birth defects; teratogens 
D) Teratogens; birth defects 
A) Congenital problems; genetic disorders 
B) Genetic disorders; congenital problems 
C) Birth defects; teratogens 
D) Teratogens; birth defects

Question 11

Which of the following reflexes are related to feeding?

Accepted Answer

A) The Moro and rooting reflexes. 
B) The rooting and sucking reflexes. 
C) The Moro and sucking reflexes. 
D) The Babinski and orienting reflexes. 
A) The Moro and rooting reflexes. 
B) The rooting and sucking reflexes. 
C) The Moro and sucking reflexes. 
D) The Babinski and orienting reflexes.

Question 12

_____ infants tend to turn away from the mother when she returns to the room.

Accepted Answer

A) Securely attached 
B) Secure-avoidant 
C) Insecure-avoidant 
D) Insecure-ambivalent 
A) Securely attached 
B) Secure-avoidant 
C) Insecure-avoidant 
D) Insecure-ambivalent

Question 13

Regarding children's development, which of the following statements is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A) Children can help shape their own development through their actions. 
B) It is impossible to overcome early environmental influences. 
C) Our inherited traits are what dictate who we become. 
D) Our own behavior plays no role in the influences of nature and nurture. 
A) Children can help shape their own development through their actions. 
B) It is impossible to overcome early environmental influences. 
C) Our inherited traits are what dictate who we become. 
D) Our own behavior plays no role in the influences of nature and nurture.

Question 14

The fact that Maria, who is nine months old, smiles when her daddy enters the room

Accepted Answer

A) is purely haphazard. 
B) is a reaction Maria exhibits when people are nearby that invites their attention. 
C) shows that Maria favors her father over her mother. 
D) indicates that Maria will have an easy temperament as a child. 
A) is purely haphazard. 
B) is a reaction Maria exhibits when people are nearby that invites their attention. 
C) shows that Maria favors her father over her mother. 
D) indicates that Maria will have an easy temperament as a child.

Question 15

Smoking during pregnancy causes all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) reducing oxygen to the fetus. 
B) increasing the risk of miscarriage and prematurity. 
C) causing facial abnormalities. 
D) lowering the children's language and mental ability scores. 
A) reducing oxygen to the fetus. 
B) increasing the risk of miscarriage and prematurity. 
C) causing facial abnormalities. 
D) lowering the children's language and mental ability scores.

Question 16

Sickle-cell anemia and cystic fibrosis are considered

Accepted Answer

A) genetic disorders. 
B) congenital problems. 
C) teratogens. 
D) to be all of these. 
A) genetic disorders. 
B) congenital problems. 
C) teratogens. 
D) to be all of these.

Question 17

During the first few days of life, infants exhibit all of the following behaviors EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) showing a preference for simple patterns over complex ones. 
B) being aware of changes in the position of objects. 
C) preferring their mother's face to a stranger's face. 
D) paying more attention to a person gazing directly at them than a person who is looking away for them. 
A) showing a preference for simple patterns over complex ones. 
B) being aware of changes in the position of objects. 
C) preferring their mother's face to a stranger's face. 
D) paying more attention to a person gazing directly at them than a person who is looking away for them.

Question 18

The social smile is

Accepted Answer

A) not haphazard, unlike a baby's earlier smiling. 
B) elicited by social stimuli, such as seeing a parent's face. 
C) rewarding to parents. 
D) characterized by all of these. 
A) not haphazard, unlike a baby's earlier smiling. 
B) elicited by social stimuli, such as seeing a parent's face. 
C) rewarding to parents. 
D) characterized by all of these.

Question 19

The Moro reflex could also be called the _____ reflex.

Accepted Answer

A) sucking 
B) nursing 
C) startle 
D) grasping 
A) sucking 
B) nursing 
C) startle 
D) grasping

Question 20

Which of the following would provide your newborn with the BEST visual stimulation?

Accepted Answer

A) blue rectangles 
B) a scrambled human face pattern 
C) red ovals 
D) a human face pattern 
A) blue rectangles 
B) a scrambled human face pattern 
C) red ovals 
D) a human face pattern

Exam 3: Extension A: Human Development

Rats raised in environments that had cages decorated with colorful patterns and filled with platforms, ladders, and cubbyholes

Amy lifts her head, then learns to crawl, then to walk with the development progressing from her head to her feet.This progression illustrates

A physician who describes an infant as slow to respond and develop because of congenital problems is attributing the cause of the abnormality to the

The identifiable patterns of parental caretaking and interaction with children are referred to as

Early emotional development follows a pattern closely tied to _____, since even the basic emotions of anger, fear, and joy, which appear unlearned, take time to develop.

According to Thomas and Chess, the largest percentage of children (40 percent) display what type of temperament?

Regarding the research on emotions conducted by Izard and other researchers, which of the following statements is/are TRUE?

Traits that are determined by many genes working in combination are called

_____ are defects that originate during prenatal development in the womb, while _____ are caused by inherited characteristics.

Which of the following reflexes are related to feeding?

_____ infants tend to turn away from the mother when she returns to the room.

Regarding children's development, which of the following statements is TRUE?

The fact that Maria, who is nine months old, smiles when her daddy enters the room

Smoking during pregnancy causes all of the following EXCEPT

Sickle-cell anemia and cystic fibrosis are considered

During the first few days of life, infants exhibit all of the following behaviors EXCEPT

The social smile is

The Moro reflex could also be called the _____ reflex.

Which of the following would provide your newborn with the BEST visual stimulation?

Introduction the Psychology

Extension A: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

Extension B: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

Extension C: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

Extension A: Brain and Behavior

Extension B: Brain and Behavior

Extension C: Brain and Behavior

Extension B: Human Development

Extension C: Human Development

Extension D: Human Development

Extension A: Sensation and Reality

Extension B: Sensation and Reality

Extension A: Perceiving the World

Extension B: Perceiving the World

Extension A: States of Consciousness

Extension B: States of Consciousness

Extension C: States of Consciousness

Extension D: States of Consciousness

Extension A: Conditioning and Learning

Extension B: Conditioning and Learning

Extension C: Conditioning and Learning

Extension A: Memory

Extension B: Memory

Extension C: Memory

Extension A: Cognition, Language, Creativity, and Intelligence

Extension B: Cognition, Language, Creativity, and Intelligence

Extension C: Cognition, Language, Creativity, and Intelligence

Extension D: Cognition, Language, Creativity, and Intelligence

Extension A: Motivation and Emotion

Extension B: Motivation and Emotion

Extension C: Motivation and Emotion

Extension D: Motivation and Emotion

Extension A: Gender and Sexuality

Extension B: Gender and Sexuality

Extension C: Gender and Sexuality

Extension A: Personality

Extension B: Personality

Extension C: Personality

Extension D: Personality

Extension A: Health, Stress, and Coping

Extension B: Health, Stress, and Coping

Extension C: Health, Stress, and Coping

Extension A: Psychological Disorders

Extension B: Psychological Disorders

Extension C: Psychological Disorders

Extension D: Psychological Disorders

Extension A: Therapies

Extension B: Therapies

Extension C: Therapies

Extension D: Therapies

Extension A: Social Thinking and Social Influence

Extension B: Social Thinking and Social Influence

Extension C: Social Thinking and Social Influence

Extension A: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

Extension B: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

Extension C: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

Extension A: Applied Psychology

Extension B: Applied Psychology

Extension C: Applied Psychology

Appendix A: Behavioral Statistics

_ are defects that originate during prenatal development in the womb, while _ are caused by inherited characteristics.