Question 1

Psychologists who specialize in the treatment of human emotional problems are called _____ psychologists.

Accepted Answer

A) psychiatric or neuro- 
B) personality or developmental 
C) clinical or counseling 
D) comparative or experimental 
A) psychiatric or neuro- 
B) personality or developmental 
C) clinical or counseling 
D) comparative or experimental C

Question 2

In an experiment to test the effects of a new flu drug, two groups are used.One group is given the drug, the other group is given a placebo.The group that receives the placebo is called the

Accepted Answer

A) independent group. 
B) experimental group. 
C) dependent group. 
D) control group. 
A) independent group. 
B) experimental group. 
C) dependent group. 
D) control group. D

Question 3

To investigate the effects of a new drug for hyperactivity, one group of children is given this new drug, while the other group is given a placebo.In order to minimize both research participant bias and researcher bias, this experimenter has his assistant label the drug and the placebo with a letter name so that he will not know which group of children is getting the placebo and which group is getting the new drug until the end of the experiment.This researcher is using

Accepted Answer

A) a single-blind experiment. 
B) a double-blind experiment. 
C) random selection. 
D) random assignment. 
A) a single-blind experiment. 
B) a double-blind experiment. 
C) random selection. 
D) random assignment. B

Question 4

The study of what motivates some of us to do well in school or on the job would fall in the area of _____ research.

Accepted Answer

A) cognitive 
B) learning 
C) perception 
D) personality 
A) cognitive 
B) learning 
C) perception 
D) personality

Question 5

To perform a(n) _____, you must create two groups, vary a condition, and record whether varying the condition had any effect on behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) naturalistic observation 
B) correlational study 
C) comparative case study 
D) experiment 
A) naturalistic observation 
B) correlational study 
C) comparative case study 
D) experiment

Question 6

Responding to a substance like a sugar pill as if it were a drug is called

Accepted Answer

A) the placebo effect. 
B) an extraneous factor. 
C) variability. 
D) psychosomatic illness. 
A) the placebo effect. 
B) an extraneous factor. 
C) variability. 
D) psychosomatic illness.

Question 7

To equalize the intelligence of members of the experimental and control group in an experiment, you could use

Accepted Answer

A) extraneous control. 
B) random assignment. 
C) independent control. 
D) subject replication. 
A) extraneous control. 
B) random assignment. 
C) independent control. 
D) subject replication.

Question 8

In a well-designed experiment, the researchers must be careful about what they tell the subjects, since small bits of information might create _____, which are changes in subjects' behavior caused by the influence of their expectations.

Accepted Answer

A) research participant bias 
B) observer bias 
C) the fallacy of positive instances 
D) the anthropomorphic error 
A) research participant bias 
B) observer bias 
C) the fallacy of positive instances 
D) the anthropomorphic error

Question 9

Which of the following psychologists would most often engage in basic research?

Accepted Answer

A) experimental psychologist 
B) school psychologist 
C) counseling psychologist 
D) industrial-organizational psychologist 
A) experimental psychologist 
B) school psychologist 
C) counseling psychologist 
D) industrial-organizational psychologist

Question 10

Basic research is best described as research done

Accepted Answer

A) to find solutions to specific problems. 
B) to seek knowledge for its own sake. 
C) to improve students' abilities in reading and math. 
D) with lower animals to avoid ethical issues. 
A) to find solutions to specific problems. 
B) to seek knowledge for its own sake. 
C) to improve students' abilities in reading and math. 
D) with lower animals to avoid ethical issues.

Question 11

If you were to walk into a laboratory where the effects of intense punishment on a rat's ability to form a discrimination was being studied, you would be in the lab of a _____ psychologist.

Accepted Answer

A) learning 
B) developmental 
C) physiological 
D) social 
A) learning 
B) developmental 
C) physiological 
D) social

Question 12

In research reports, a statement that "the results of the experiment were statistically significant" means that the difference must be large enough so that is would occur by chance in

Accepted Answer

A) less than five experiments out of 100. 
B) less than 20 experiments out of 100. 
C) more than five experiments out of 100. 
D) more than 20 experiments out of 100. 
A) less than five experiments out of 100. 
B) less than 20 experiments out of 100. 
C) more than five experiments out of 100. 
D) more than 20 experiments out of 100.

Question 13

_____ psychologists are primarily interested in how individuals remember, reason, and solve problems.

Accepted Answer

A) Comparative 
B) Sensation and perception 
C) Developmental 
D) Cognitive 
A) Comparative 
B) Sensation and perception 
C) Developmental 
D) Cognitive

Question 14

An experiment in which neither the subjects nor the experimenters know who is receiving a drug or a placebo is called a _____ experiment.

Accepted Answer

A) blind 
B) random control 
C) placebo-blind 
D) double-blind 
A) blind 
B) random control 
C) placebo-blind 
D) double-blind

Question 15

Dr.Causey is interested in how the effects of dopamine levels impact schizophrenia and Parkinson's disease.Dr.Causey is most likely a

Accepted Answer

A) cognitive psychologist. 
B) biopsychologist. 
C) social psychologist. 
D) forensic psychologist. 
A) cognitive psychologist. 
B) biopsychologist. 
C) social psychologist. 
D) forensic psychologist.

Question 16

A statistical technique called _____ can be used to combine the results of many studies, as if they were all part of one large study.

Accepted Answer

A) meta-analysis 
B) the natural clinical test 
C) the standard error of measurement 
D) double-blind experimental analysis 
A) meta-analysis 
B) the natural clinical test 
C) the standard error of measurement 
D) double-blind experimental analysis

Question 17

The _____ degree in psychology emphasizes therapy skills rather than a research orientation.

Accepted Answer

A) Psy.D. 
B) Ph.D. 
C) Ed.D. 
D) A.A. 
A) Psy.D. 
B) Ph.D. 
C) Ed.D. 
D) A.A.

Question 18

The differences in persons exhibiting Type A and Type B behaviors would be of most interest to

Accepted Answer

A) comparative psychologists. 
B) learning theorists. 
C) personality theorists. 
D) social psychologists. 
A) comparative psychologists. 
B) learning theorists. 
C) personality theorists. 
D) social psychologists.

Question 19

The domestication of various species of animals would be of primary importance to which area of specialization in psychology?

Accepted Answer

A) comparative psychology 
B) developmental psychology 
C) environmental psychology 
D) forensic psychology 
A) comparative psychology 
B) developmental psychology 
C) environmental psychology 
D) forensic psychology

Question 20

To estimate the degree of the relationship between birth order and achievement motivation, a researcher would do a(n) _____ study.

Accepted Answer

A) naturalistic 
B) inventory 
C) correlational 
D) experimental 
A) naturalistic 
B) inventory 
C) correlational 
D) experimental

Exam 1: Extension B: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

Psychologists who specialize in the treatment of human emotional problems are called _____ psychologists.

In an experiment to test the effects of a new flu drug, two groups are used.One group is given the drug, the other group is given a placebo.The group that receives the placebo is called the

The study of what motivates some of us to do well in school or on the job would fall in the area of _____ research.

To perform a(n) _____, you must create two groups, vary a condition, and record whether varying the condition had any effect on behavior.

Responding to a substance like a sugar pill as if it were a drug is called

To equalize the intelligence of members of the experimental and control group in an experiment, you could use

In a well-designed experiment, the researchers must be careful about what they tell the subjects, since small bits of information might create _____, which are changes in subjects' behavior caused by the influence of their expectations.

Which of the following psychologists would most often engage in basic research?

Basic research is best described as research done

If you were to walk into a laboratory where the effects of intense punishment on a rat's ability to form a discrimination was being studied, you would be in the lab of a _____ psychologist.

In research reports, a statement that "the results of the experiment were statistically significant" means that the difference must be large enough so that is would occur by chance in

_____ psychologists are primarily interested in how individuals remember, reason, and solve problems.

An experiment in which neither the subjects nor the experimenters know who is receiving a drug or a placebo is called a _____ experiment.

Dr.Causey is interested in how the effects of dopamine levels impact schizophrenia and Parkinson's disease.Dr.Causey is most likely a

A statistical technique called _____ can be used to combine the results of many studies, as if they were all part of one large study.

The _____ degree in psychology emphasizes therapy skills rather than a research orientation.

The differences in persons exhibiting Type A and Type B behaviors would be of most interest to

The domestication of various species of animals would be of primary importance to which area of specialization in psychology?

To estimate the degree of the relationship between birth order and achievement motivation, a researcher would do a(n) _____ study.

Introduction the Psychology

Extension A: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

Extension C: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

Extension A: Brain and Behavior

Extension B: Brain and Behavior

Extension C: Brain and Behavior

Extension A: Human Development

Extension B: Human Development

Extension C: Human Development

Extension D: Human Development

Extension A: Sensation and Reality

Extension B: Sensation and Reality

Extension A: Perceiving the World

Extension B: Perceiving the World

Extension A: States of Consciousness

Extension B: States of Consciousness

Extension C: States of Consciousness

Extension D: States of Consciousness

Extension A: Conditioning and Learning

Extension B: Conditioning and Learning

Extension C: Conditioning and Learning

Extension A: Memory

Extension B: Memory

Extension C: Memory

Extension A: Cognition, Language, Creativity, and Intelligence

Extension B: Cognition, Language, Creativity, and Intelligence

Extension C: Cognition, Language, Creativity, and Intelligence

Extension D: Cognition, Language, Creativity, and Intelligence

Extension A: Motivation and Emotion

Extension B: Motivation and Emotion

Extension C: Motivation and Emotion

Extension D: Motivation and Emotion

Extension A: Gender and Sexuality

Extension B: Gender and Sexuality

Extension C: Gender and Sexuality

Extension A: Personality

Extension B: Personality

Extension C: Personality

Extension D: Personality

Extension A: Health, Stress, and Coping

Extension B: Health, Stress, and Coping

Extension C: Health, Stress, and Coping

Extension A: Psychological Disorders

Extension B: Psychological Disorders

Extension C: Psychological Disorders

Extension D: Psychological Disorders

Extension A: Therapies

Extension B: Therapies

Extension C: Therapies

Extension D: Therapies

Extension A: Social Thinking and Social Influence

Extension B: Social Thinking and Social Influence

Extension C: Social Thinking and Social Influence

Extension A: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

Extension B: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

Extension C: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

Extension A: Applied Psychology

Extension B: Applied Psychology

Extension C: Applied Psychology

Appendix A: Behavioral Statistics