Question 1

When psychologists attribute development to nature, they are referring to the effects of

Accepted Answer

A) mother/infant bonding. 
B) heredity and genetics. 
C) environmental influences. 
D) evolutionary selection. 
A) mother/infant bonding. 
B) heredity and genetics. 
C) environmental influences. 
D) evolutionary selection.

Question 2

According to research by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, children in high-quality day care were found to exhibit all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) better cognitive and language skills. 
B) behavior problems that did not exist beforehand. 
C) better relationships with their mothers. 
D) improved social skills. 
A) better cognitive and language skills. 
B) behavior problems that did not exist beforehand. 
C) better relationships with their mothers. 
D) improved social skills.

Question 3

If a mother smokes heavily during pregnancy, it is more likely that the infant will be born

Accepted Answer

A) with a cleft palate. 
B) premature and underweight. 
C) addicted to nicotine. 
D) with facial abnormalities. 
A) with a cleft palate. 
B) premature and underweight. 
C) addicted to nicotine. 
D) with facial abnormalities.

Question 4

Helen's mother took three-year-old Helen to a birthday party in the neighborhood.Although her mother encouraged her to play with the other children, Helen did not say a word to any child but sat quietly by her mother watching the other children.Thomas and Chess would probably describe Helen as a(n) _____ child.

Accepted Answer

A) easy 
B) slow-to-warm-up 
C) difficult 
D) immature 
A) easy 
B) slow-to-warm-up 
C) difficult 
D) immature

Question 5

Growing infants influence their parents' behavior at the same time they are changed by it.This illustrates

Accepted Answer

A) reciprocal interactions. 
B) the secular trend in behavior. 
C) genetic predispositions. 
D) the zone of proximal development. 
A) reciprocal interactions. 
B) the secular trend in behavior. 
C) genetic predispositions. 
D) the zone of proximal development.

Question 6

Researchers Bridges and Sroufe believe that our first attachments to our parents

Accepted Answer

A) influence how we relate to our friends and lovers. 
B) occur during the first hours of life during a critical period. 
C) are influenced by an evolutionary pattern that cannot be altered. 
D) have little influence on our social behaviors as adults. 
A) influence how we relate to our friends and lovers. 
B) occur during the first hours of life during a critical period. 
C) are influenced by an evolutionary pattern that cannot be altered. 
D) have little influence on our social behaviors as adults.

Question 7

Maturation is defined as the

Accepted Answer

A) physical growth and development of the body, brain, and nervous system. 
B) organism's ability to adapt to changing conditions. 
C) sum of all the external conditions affecting development. 
D) transmission of physical and psychological characteristics from parent to offspring. 
A) physical growth and development of the body, brain, and nervous system. 
B) organism's ability to adapt to changing conditions. 
C) sum of all the external conditions affecting development. 
D) transmission of physical and psychological characteristics from parent to offspring.

Question 8

Lee Ann is visibly upset when her mother leaves the room.When her mother returns after a few minutes absence, Lee Ann rushes to greet her mother and hugs her mother's legs.According to Mary Ainsworth's research, Lee Ann is exhibiting which type of attachment?

Accepted Answer

A) securely attached 
B) insecure-avoidant 
C) insecure-ambivalent 
D) disorganized-disoriented 
A) securely attached 
B) insecure-avoidant 
C) insecure-ambivalent 
D) disorganized-disoriented

Question 9

Bruce has a dominant gene for brown eyes and a recessive gene for blue eyes.Bruce's eye color would be

Accepted Answer

A) green 
B) brown 
C) blue 
D) impossible to predict 
A) green 
B) brown 
C) blue 
D) impossible to predict

Question 10

The sum of all external conditions that affect a person is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A) nurture. 
B) senescence. 
C) nature. 
D) the human growth sequence. 
A) nurture. 
B) senescence. 
C) nature. 
D) the human growth sequence.

Question 11

If an infant is startled by a loud sound, it makes movements similar to an embrace.This is called the _____ reflex.

Accepted Answer

A) grasping 
B) rooting 
C) Babinski 
D) Moro 
A) grasping 
B) rooting 
C) Babinski 
D) Moro

Question 12

The uniting of the egg and sperm is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A) development. 
B) transformation. 
C) conception. 
D) developmental sequencing. 
A) development. 
B) transformation. 
C) conception. 
D) developmental sequencing.

Question 13

When a psychologist describes the reciprocal interactions between parent and child, the psychologist is stating that

Accepted Answer

A) nature plays the most important role in development. 
B) nurture plays the most important role in development. 
C) there is an interaction between nature and nurture. 
D) that the nature-nurture controversy will never be resolved. 
A) nature plays the most important role in development. 
B) nurture plays the most important role in development. 
C) there is an interaction between nature and nurture. 
D) that the nature-nurture controversy will never be resolved.

Question 14

From an early age, Justin tended to be a very moody child, who reacted intensely, often angrily, to most situations.Thomas and Chess would describe Justin as a(n) _____ child.

Accepted Answer

A) easy 
B) slow-to-warm-up 
C) spoiled 
D) difficult 
A) easy 
B) slow-to-warm-up 
C) spoiled 
D) difficult

Question 15

The long, ladder-like chains of chemical molecules that act as a code for genetic information are known as

Accepted Answer

A) DSM. 
B) gametes. 
C) ribosomes. 
D) DNA. 
A) DSM. 
B) gametes. 
C) ribosomes. 
D) DNA.

Question 16

The importance of heredity stems from the fact that it

Accepted Answer

A) is not subject to environmental pressures. 
B) determines the overall health of an organism. 
C) sets the limits of development by providing a framework of potentials and limitations. 
D) is more fragile than the environment and consequently can be more changeable in its effects. 
A) is not subject to environmental pressures. 
B) determines the overall health of an organism. 
C) sets the limits of development by providing a framework of potentials and limitations. 
D) is more fragile than the environment and consequently can be more changeable in its effects.

Question 17

The study of changes in behavior from conception to death encompasses

Accepted Answer

A) gerontology. 
B) thanatology. 
C) developmental psychology. 
D) social psychology. 
A) gerontology. 
B) thanatology. 
C) developmental psychology. 
D) social psychology.

Question 18

Bobby touches his newborn brother's palm and his little brother takes hold of Bobby's finger and will not let go.This is known as the

Accepted Answer

A) Moro reflex. 
B) rooting reflex. 
C) Babinski reflex. 
D) grasping reflex. 
A) Moro reflex. 
B) rooting reflex. 
C) Babinski reflex. 
D) grasping reflex.

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT one of the attachment styles described by Mary Ainsworth?

Accepted Answer

A) securely attached 
B) insecure-agitated 
C) insecure-avoidant 
D) insecure-ambivalent 
A) securely attached 
B) insecure-agitated 
C) insecure-avoidant 
D) insecure-ambivalent

Question 20

Regarding the visual perception of babies, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) At two to five days old, babies pay more attention to a person who is looking away from them than to a person who is gazing directly at them. 
B) At six months old, babies are able to recognize categories of objects that differ in shape or color. 
C) At nine months old, babies are able to tell the difference between dogs and birds or other groups of animals. 
D) At age two, babies are more interested in unfamiliar objects and faces rather than familiar faces and unusual objects. 
A) At two to five days old, babies pay more attention to a person who is looking away from them than to a person who is gazing directly at them. 
B) At six months old, babies are able to recognize categories of objects that differ in shape or color. 
C) At nine months old, babies are able to tell the difference between dogs and birds or other groups of animals. 
D) At age two, babies are more interested in unfamiliar objects and faces rather than familiar faces and unusual objects.

Exam 3: Extension A: Human Development

When psychologists attribute development to nature, they are referring to the effects of

According to research by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, children in high-quality day care were found to exhibit all of the following EXCEPT

If a mother smokes heavily during pregnancy, it is more likely that the infant will be born

Growing infants influence their parents' behavior at the same time they are changed by it.This illustrates

Researchers Bridges and Sroufe believe that our first attachments to our parents

Maturation is defined as the

Lee Ann is visibly upset when her mother leaves the room.When her mother returns after a few minutes absence, Lee Ann rushes to greet her mother and hugs her mother's legs.According to Mary Ainsworth's research, Lee Ann is exhibiting which type of attachment?

Bruce has a dominant gene for brown eyes and a recessive gene for blue eyes.Bruce's eye color would be

The sum of all external conditions that affect a person is referred to as

If an infant is startled by a loud sound, it makes movements similar to an embrace.This is called the _____ reflex.

The uniting of the egg and sperm is referred to as

When a psychologist describes the reciprocal interactions between parent and child, the psychologist is stating that

From an early age, Justin tended to be a very moody child, who reacted intensely, often angrily, to most situations.Thomas and Chess would describe Justin as a(n) _____ child.

The long, ladder-like chains of chemical molecules that act as a code for genetic information are known as

The importance of heredity stems from the fact that it

The study of changes in behavior from conception to death encompasses

Bobby touches his newborn brother's palm and his little brother takes hold of Bobby's finger and will not let go.This is known as the

Which of the following is NOT one of the attachment styles described by Mary Ainsworth?

Regarding the visual perception of babies, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Introduction the Psychology

Extension A: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

Extension B: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

Extension C: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

Extension A: Brain and Behavior

Extension B: Brain and Behavior

Extension C: Brain and Behavior

Extension B: Human Development

Extension C: Human Development

Extension D: Human Development

Extension A: Sensation and Reality

Extension B: Sensation and Reality

Extension A: Perceiving the World

Extension B: Perceiving the World

Extension A: States of Consciousness

Extension B: States of Consciousness

Extension C: States of Consciousness

Extension D: States of Consciousness

Extension A: Conditioning and Learning

Extension B: Conditioning and Learning

Extension C: Conditioning and Learning

Extension A: Memory

Extension B: Memory

Extension C: Memory

Extension A: Cognition, Language, Creativity, and Intelligence

Extension B: Cognition, Language, Creativity, and Intelligence

Extension C: Cognition, Language, Creativity, and Intelligence

Extension D: Cognition, Language, Creativity, and Intelligence

Extension A: Motivation and Emotion

Extension B: Motivation and Emotion

Extension C: Motivation and Emotion

Extension D: Motivation and Emotion

Extension A: Gender and Sexuality

Extension B: Gender and Sexuality

Extension C: Gender and Sexuality

Extension A: Personality

Extension B: Personality

Extension C: Personality

Extension D: Personality

Extension A: Health, Stress, and Coping

Extension B: Health, Stress, and Coping

Extension C: Health, Stress, and Coping

Extension A: Psychological Disorders

Extension B: Psychological Disorders

Extension C: Psychological Disorders

Extension D: Psychological Disorders

Extension A: Therapies

Extension B: Therapies

Extension C: Therapies

Extension D: Therapies

Extension A: Social Thinking and Social Influence

Extension B: Social Thinking and Social Influence

Extension C: Social Thinking and Social Influence

Extension A: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

Extension B: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

Extension C: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

Extension A: Applied Psychology

Extension B: Applied Psychology

Extension C: Applied Psychology

Appendix A: Behavioral Statistics