Question 1

Stereotyping is an extension of the social identity process.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

The process of stereotyping includes:

Accepted Answer

A)  identifying with people who belong to the groups that you don't belong to. 
B)  believing that other people have the same beliefs and behaviors that you have. 
C)  determining whether a person's behavior is due either to his or her motivation or factors beyond his or her control. 
D)  assigning the cluster of traits from a social category to a person identified with that social category. 
E)  all of the above. 
A)  identifying with people who belong to the groups that you don't belong to. 
B)  believing that other people have the same beliefs and behaviors that you have. 
C)  determining whether a person's behavior is due either to his or her motivation or factors beyond his or her control. 
D)  assigning the cluster of traits from a social category to a person identified with that social category. 
E)  all of the above.

Question 3

Suppose that Jamie,your supervisor,makes a fundamental attribution error when evaluating your job performance.Which of the following is most likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  Jamie would tend to give you a lower appraisal rating because she thinks your good performance is due mainly to her effective leadership over you. 
B)  Jamie will tend to rate you high or low on all performance dimensions based mainly on her overall impression of you. 
C)  Jamie would tend to give you a higher appraisal rating because she thinks your performance is due to ability and motivation rather than external conditions (such as helpful colleagues). 
D)  Jamie will likely rate you based on her initial impression of your potential ability. 
E)  Performance evaluation decisions are unaffected by attribution errors. 
A)  Jamie would tend to give you a lower appraisal rating because she thinks your good performance is due mainly to her effective leadership over you. 
B)  Jamie will tend to rate you high or low on all performance dimensions based mainly on her overall impression of you. 
C)  Jamie would tend to give you a higher appraisal rating because she thinks your performance is due to ability and motivation rather than external conditions (such as helpful colleagues). 
D)  Jamie will likely rate you based on her initial impression of your potential ability. 
E)  Performance evaluation decisions are unaffected by attribution errors.

Question 4

Jim has just arrived late for work.This is the third time over the past five days that he has arrived more than 30 minutes late.However,you conclude that Jim's lateness is due to factors beyond his control because most other employees who also take Jim's route to work have also been late to work on these days.According to attribution theory,what attribution have you made of Jim's lateness and based on what attribution rule?

Accepted Answer

A)  Internal attribution due to high conscientiousness. 
B)  External attribution due to high consistency. 
C)  Internal attribution due to high distinctiveness. 
D)  External attribution due to high conscientiousness. 
E)  External attribution due to high consensus. 
A)  Internal attribution due to high conscientiousness. 
B)  External attribution due to high consistency. 
C)  Internal attribution due to high distinctiveness. 
D)  External attribution due to high conscientiousness. 
E)  External attribution due to high consensus.

Question 5

The four areas of the Johari Window are open,closed,internal and external.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Attribution theory mainly explains the selective attention process.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Self-fulfilling prophecy tends to have a stronger effect on employees who are new to the job than on employees who have worked in that job for a few years.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Mental models are __________ that guide perceptions and behavior.

Accepted Answer

A)  stereotypes 
B)  forms of punishment 
C)  self-fulfilling prophecies 
D)  internal representations of the external world 
E)  action learning practices 
A)  stereotypes 
B)  forms of punishment 
C)  self-fulfilling prophecies 
D)  internal representations of the external world 
E)  action learning practices

Question 9

Which of the following statements about stereotyping is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  People can improve the perceptual process by preventing the activation of stereotypes. 
B)  Stereotyping causes us to ignore or misinterpret behaviors that are inconsistent with the stereotype we assign to a person. 
C)  Stereotypes do not accurately describe everyone assigned to that stereotype. 
D)  Stereotypes generally have some inaccuracies. 
E)  Stereotyping can potentially become the foundation for prejudice. 
A)  People can improve the perceptual process by preventing the activation of stereotypes. 
B)  Stereotyping causes us to ignore or misinterpret behaviors that are inconsistent with the stereotype we assign to a person. 
C)  Stereotypes do not accurately describe everyone assigned to that stereotype. 
D)  Stereotypes generally have some inaccuracies. 
E)  Stereotyping can potentially become the foundation for prejudice.

Question 10

A salesperson gets one sales order for every six clients called,on average.If a sales order is a form of positive reinforcement,what type of reinforcement schedule exists here?

Accepted Answer

A)  Continuous 
B)  Fixed interval 
C)  Fixed ratio 
D)  Variable ratio 
E)  Variable interval 
A)  Continuous 
B)  Fixed interval 
C)  Fixed ratio 
D)  Variable ratio 
E)  Variable interval

Question 11

Engaging in self-fulfilling prophecy can improve organizational effectiveness:

Accepted Answer

A)  never; self-fulfilling prophecy is a perceptual bias that always makes organizations less effective. 
B)  whenever and wherever it exists in organizational settings. 
C)  when supervisors demonstrate their hope and optimism in each employee's potential. 
D)  when supervisors also use stereotyping to determine the employee's potential performance. 
E)  only when supervisors have a self-serving bias. 
A)  never; self-fulfilling prophecy is a perceptual bias that always makes organizations less effective. 
B)  whenever and wherever it exists in organizational settings. 
C)  when supervisors demonstrate their hope and optimism in each employee's potential. 
D)  when supervisors also use stereotyping to determine the employee's potential performance. 
E)  only when supervisors have a self-serving bias.

Question 12

If you praise an employee every time after he or she has performed the job well,then extinction of the desired behaviors is less likely to occur after you stop giving any more praise.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Action learning typically includes learning meetings in which participants reflect on their observations about that problem or opportunity

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Interacting with people from other backgrounds is more likely to minimize stereotyping when these people have equal status with you throughout the interaction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

ABC Corp.pays its employees a fixed salary in a paycheck received every Friday afternoon.This is an example of which reinforcement schedule?

Accepted Answer

A)  Continuous 
B)  Fixed interval 
C)  Fixed ratio 
D)  Variable ratio 
E)  None; pay checks do not reinforce any behavior 
A)  Continuous 
B)  Fixed interval 
C)  Fixed ratio 
D)  Variable ratio 
E)  None; pay checks do not reinforce any behavior

Question 16

A diversity awareness consultant submits a proposal to a company that wants to reduce stereotyping and prejudice.In the proposal,the consultant claims that his training program teaches employees to avoid the stereotyping process altogether when perceiving the world around them."Our training will prevent the activation of stereotypes and other forms of categorical thinking," claims the consultant's proposal.Discuss the accuracy of this consultant's claim and explain what training programs can do regarding stereotyping.

Accepted Answer

The textbook explains how people CANNOT

Question 17

Categorical thinking is mostly a conscious process of deciding what information in the environment to notice.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

In most situations,we should follow desired behavior with ______ and follow undesirable behavior with ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  positive reinforcement; extinction 
B)  positive reinforcement; punishment 
C)  extinction; punishment 
D)  punishment; positive reinforcement 
E)  negative reinforcement; positive reinforcement 
A)  positive reinforcement; extinction 
B)  positive reinforcement; punishment 
C)  extinction; punishment 
D)  punishment; positive reinforcement 
E)  negative reinforcement; positive reinforcement

Question 19

Stereotyping is based on which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Social identity theory 
B)  Self-fulfilling prophecy 
C)  Selective attention 
D)  Attribution 
E)  None of the above 
A)  Social identity theory 
B)  Self-fulfilling prophecy 
C)  Selective attention 
D)  Attribution 
E)  None of the above

Question 20

Which process involves deciding whether an observed behavior or event is largely caused by internal or external factors?

Accepted Answer

A)  Attribution 
B)  Social identity 
C)  Selective attention 
D)  Personality 
E)  Self-fulfilling prophecy 
A)  Attribution 
B)  Social identity 
C)  Selective attention 
D)  Personality 
E)  Self-fulfilling prophecy

Stereotyping is an extension of the social identity process.

The process of stereotyping includes:

Suppose that Jamie,your supervisor,makes a fundamental attribution error when evaluating your job performance.Which of the following is most likely to occur?

The four areas of the Johari Window are open,closed,internal and external.

Attribution theory mainly explains the selective attention process.

Self-fulfilling prophecy tends to have a stronger effect on employees who are new to the job than on employees who have worked in that job for a few years.

Mental models are __________ that guide perceptions and behavior.

Which of the following statements about stereotyping is FALSE?

A salesperson gets one sales order for every six clients called,on average.If a sales order is a form of positive reinforcement,what type of reinforcement schedule exists here?

Engaging in self-fulfilling prophecy can improve organizational effectiveness:

If you praise an employee every time after he or she has performed the job well,then extinction of the desired behaviors is less likely to occur after you stop giving any more praise.

Action learning typically includes learning meetings in which participants reflect on their observations about that problem or opportunity

Interacting with people from other backgrounds is more likely to minimize stereotyping when these people have equal status with you throughout the interaction.

ABC Corp.pays its employees a fixed salary in a paycheck received every Friday afternoon.This is an example of which reinforcement schedule?

Categorical thinking is mostly a conscious process of deciding what information in the environment to notice.

In most situations,we should follow desired behavior with and follow undesirable behavior with __.

Stereotyping is based on which of the following?

Which process involves deciding whether an observed behavior or event is largely caused by internal or external factors?

Introduction to the Field of Organizational Behavior

Individual Behavior, values, and Personality

Workplace Emotions and Attitudes

Motivation in the Workplace

Applied Performance Practices

Work-Related Stress and Stress Management

Decision Making and Creativity

Foundations of Team Dynamics

Developing High Performance Teams

Communicating in Teams and Organizations

Power and Influence in the Workplace

Conflict and Negotiation in the Workplace

Leadership in Organizational Settings

Organizational Structure

Organizational Culture

Organizational Change

Filters

Exam 3: Perception and Learning in Organizations

Stereotyping is an extension of the social identity process.

The process of stereotyping includes:

Suppose that Jamie,your supervisor,makes a fundamental attribution error when evaluating your job performance.Which of the following is most likely to occur?

The four areas of the Johari Window are open,closed,internal and external.

Attribution theory mainly explains the selective attention process.

Self-fulfilling prophecy tends to have a stronger effect on employees who are new to the job than on employees who have worked in that job for a few years.

Mental models are __________ that guide perceptions and behavior.

Which of the following statements about stereotyping is FALSE?

A salesperson gets one sales order for every six clients called,on average.If a sales order is a form of positive reinforcement,what type of reinforcement schedule exists here?

Engaging in self-fulfilling prophecy can improve organizational effectiveness:

If you praise an employee every time after he or she has performed the job well,then extinction of the desired behaviors is less likely to occur after you stop giving any more praise.

Action learning typically includes learning meetings in which participants reflect on their observations about that problem or opportunity

Interacting with people from other backgrounds is more likely to minimize stereotyping when these people have equal status with you throughout the interaction.

ABC Corp.pays its employees a fixed salary in a paycheck received every Friday afternoon.This is an example of which reinforcement schedule?

Categorical thinking is mostly a conscious process of deciding what information in the environment to notice.

In most situations,we should follow desired behavior with ______ and follow undesirable behavior with ________.

Stereotyping is based on which of the following?

Which process involves deciding whether an observed behavior or event is largely caused by internal or external factors?

Introduction to the Field of Organizational Behavior

Individual Behavior, values, and Personality

Workplace Emotions and Attitudes

Motivation in the Workplace

Applied Performance Practices

Work-Related Stress and Stress Management

Decision Making and Creativity

Foundations of Team Dynamics

Developing High Performance Teams

Communicating in Teams and Organizations

Power and Influence in the Workplace

Conflict and Negotiation in the Workplace

Leadership in Organizational Settings

Organizational Structure

Organizational Culture

Organizational Change

Filters

In most situations,we should follow desired behavior with and follow undesirable behavior with __.