Question 1

Which of the following accurately describes the adenylate energy charge?

Accepted Answer

A) numerator: 2 [ATP] + [ADP]; denominator: [ATP] + [ADP] + [AMP] 
B) numerator: [ATP] + [ADP]; denominator: [ATP] + 0.5 [ADP] + 0.25 [AMP] 
C) numerator: [ATP] + 0.5 [ADP]; denominator: 2 [ATP] + [ADP] + 0.5 [AMP] 
D) numerator: [ATP] + 0.5 [ADP]; denominator: [ATP] + [ADP] + [AMP] 
E) none of the above 
A) numerator: 2 [ATP] + [ADP]; denominator: [ATP] + [ADP] + [AMP] 
B) numerator: [ATP] + [ADP]; denominator: [ATP] + 0.5 [ADP] + 0.25 [AMP] 
C) numerator: [ATP] + 0.5 [ADP]; denominator: 2 [ATP] + [ADP] + 0.5 [AMP] 
D) numerator: [ATP] + 0.5 [ADP]; denominator: [ATP] + [ADP] + [AMP] 
E) none of the above

Question 2

Which of the following eukaryotic organisms is both autotrophic and heterotrophic?

Accepted Answer

A) yeast 
B) humans 
C) Venus fly trap 
D) redwood trees 
E) mushrooms 
A) yeast 
B) humans 
C) Venus fly trap 
D) redwood trees 
E) mushrooms

Question 3

The concentration of which of the following ions can make a significant change in the $\Delta$G for reactions that involve ATP?

Accepted Answer

A) Mg2+ 
B) Na+ 
C) Cl- 
D) K+ 
E) Ca2+ 
A) Mg2+ 
B) Na+ 
C) Cl- 
D) K+ 
E) Ca2+

Question 4

Which of the following statements regarding the general concepts of metabolism is true?

Accepted Answer

A) once glucose is converted to pyruvate, there is no way to convert pyruvate back to glucose 
B) when triacylglycerols are used as fuel, only the fatty acids can be metabolized, the glycerol is a waste product 
C) amino acids serve as substrates for many pathways including glycolysis and the citric acid cycle 
D) the citric acid cycle is generally considered an anabolic pathway while gluconeogenesis is generally considered a catabolic pathway 
E) none of the above 
A) once glucose is converted to pyruvate, there is no way to convert pyruvate back to glucose 
B) when triacylglycerols are used as fuel, only the fatty acids can be metabolized, the glycerol is a waste product 
C) amino acids serve as substrates for many pathways including glycolysis and the citric acid cycle 
D) the citric acid cycle is generally considered an anabolic pathway while gluconeogenesis is generally considered a catabolic pathway 
E) none of the above

Question 5

Show the reduction of pyruvate by NADH. Since NADH reduces molecules by a hydride reduction, what type of reaction is pyruvate undergoing?

Accepted Answer

@#IMG-DLM& Since the hydride f

Which of the following accurately describes the adenylate energy charge?

Which of the following eukaryotic organisms is both autotrophic and heterotrophic?

The concentration of which of the following ions can make a significant change in the $\Delta$ G for reactions that involve ATP?

Which of the following statements regarding the general concepts of metabolism is true?

Show the reduction of pyruvate by NADH. Since NADH reduces molecules by a hydride reduction, what type of reaction is pyruvate undergoing?

The Scope of Biochemistry

The Matrix of Life: Weak Interactions in an Aqueous Environment

The Energetics of Life

Nucleic Acids

Introduction to Proteins: the Primary Level of Protein Structure

The Three-Dimensional Structure of Proteins

Protein Function and Evolution

Contractile Proteins and Molecular Motors

Carbohydrates: Sugars, Saccharides, Glycans

Lipids, Membranes and Cellular Transport

Enzymes: Biological Catalysts

Carbohydrate Metabolism: Glycolysis, Gluconeogenesis, Glycogen Metabolism, and the Pentose Phosphate Pathway

Citric Acid Cycle and Glyoxylate Cycle

Electron Transport, Oxidative Phosphorylation, and Oxygen Metabolism

Photosynthesis

Lipid Metabolism I: Fatty Acids, Triacylglycerols, and Lipoproteins

Interorgan and Intracellular Coordination of Energy Metabolism in Vertebrates

Lipid Metabolism Ii: Membrane Lipids, Steroids, Isoprenoids, and Eicosanoids

Metabolism of Nitrogenous Compounds I: Principles of Biosynthesis, Utilization, and Turnover

Metabolism of Nitogenous Compounds II: Amino Acids, Porphyrins, and Neurotransmitters

Nucleotide Metabolism

Mechanisms of Signal Transduction

Genes, Genomes and Chromosomes

DNA Replication

DNA Restructuring: Repair, Recombination, Rearrangement, Amplification

Information Readout: Transcription and Post-Transcriptional Processing

Information Decoding: Translation and Post-Translational Protein Processing

Regulation of Gene Expression

Filters

Exam 12: Chemical Logic of Metabolism

Which of the following accurately describes the adenylate energy charge?

Which of the following eukaryotic organisms is both autotrophic and heterotrophic?

The concentration of which of the following ions can make a significant change in the Δ\DeltaΔ G for reactions that involve ATP?

Which of the following statements regarding the general concepts of metabolism is true?

Show the reduction of pyruvate by NADH. Since NADH reduces molecules by a hydride reduction, what type of reaction is pyruvate undergoing?

The Scope of Biochemistry

The Matrix of Life: Weak Interactions in an Aqueous Environment

The Energetics of Life

Nucleic Acids

Introduction to Proteins: the Primary Level of Protein Structure

The Three-Dimensional Structure of Proteins

Protein Function and Evolution

Contractile Proteins and Molecular Motors

Carbohydrates: Sugars, Saccharides, Glycans

Lipids, Membranes and Cellular Transport

Enzymes: Biological Catalysts

Carbohydrate Metabolism: Glycolysis, Gluconeogenesis, Glycogen Metabolism, and the Pentose Phosphate Pathway

Citric Acid Cycle and Glyoxylate Cycle

Electron Transport, Oxidative Phosphorylation, and Oxygen Metabolism

Photosynthesis

Lipid Metabolism I: Fatty Acids, Triacylglycerols, and Lipoproteins

Interorgan and Intracellular Coordination of Energy Metabolism in Vertebrates

Lipid Metabolism Ii: Membrane Lipids, Steroids, Isoprenoids, and Eicosanoids

Metabolism of Nitrogenous Compounds I: Principles of Biosynthesis, Utilization, and Turnover

Metabolism of Nitogenous Compounds II: Amino Acids, Porphyrins, and Neurotransmitters

Nucleotide Metabolism

Mechanisms of Signal Transduction

Genes, Genomes and Chromosomes

DNA Replication

DNA Restructuring: Repair, Recombination, Rearrangement, Amplification

Information Readout: Transcription and Post-Transcriptional Processing

Information Decoding: Translation and Post-Translational Protein Processing

Regulation of Gene Expression

Filters

The concentration of which of the following ions can make a significant change in the $\Delta$ G for reactions that involve ATP?