Question 1

Which of the following is NOT true of a cDNA clone?

Accepted Answer

A) cDNAs are generally copies of mRNA from expressed genes. 
B) Reverse transcriptase activity is required for cDNA cloning. 
C) cDNA clones lack exons,as introns are spliced together before cloning. 
D) cDNAs are typically smaller than the chromosomal sequence for a particular gene. 
E) cDNAs can be fused to a promoter to enable expression of the encoded gene. 
A) cDNAs are generally copies of mRNA from expressed genes. 
B) Reverse transcriptase activity is required for cDNA cloning. 
C) cDNA clones lack exons,as introns are spliced together before cloning. 
D) cDNAs are typically smaller than the chromosomal sequence for a particular gene. 
E) cDNAs can be fused to a promoter to enable expression of the encoded gene.

Question 2

Bacterial cells have a variety of restriction enzymes that can degrade the DNA of an attacking virus.How do these bacterial cells protect their own DNA from being degraded by the very restriction enzymes that are meant to help them?

Accepted Answer

The bacterial DNA has been methylated at

Question 3

Which of the following organisms can be made transgenic by injection of DNA into the gonad,generating extrachromosomal arrays of the transgene in some egg cells?

Accepted Answer

A) mouse (Mus musculus) 
B) yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) 
C) bacteria (Escherichia coli) 
D) humans (Homo sapiens) 
E) roundworm (Caenorhabditis elegans) 
A) mouse (Mus musculus) 
B) yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) 
C) bacteria (Escherichia coli) 
D) humans (Homo sapiens) 
E) roundworm (Caenorhabditis elegans)

Question 4

The drawing below depicts a restriction map of a segment of a human chromosome.The cut sites shown (1 through 6)are known to be polymorphic and can be present or absent depending on the genetic makeup of a specific individual's chromosomes.E identifies EcoRI sites,and P identifies Pst1 sites.The line below the map identifies the region of homology between the DNA and a probe used in Southern blot analyses to characterize this region.   a)Individual 1 has restriction sites 1 through 6 (all)on both copies of this chromosome.If DNA from this individual was digested with Pst I,what are the sizes of the fragments that would be detected via Southern blot using the identified probe?
b)DNA from Individual 1 is digested with both EcoRI and PstI and then analyzed by Southern blot.What bands are revealed?
c)Individual 2 is homozygous for a polymorphism that eliminates site 3.If DNA from this individual was digested with both PstI and EcoRI,what are the sizes of the fragments that would be detected via Southern blot?
d)Individual 3 has not previously been characterized over this chromosomal locus.The research team digests the DNA with PstI and EcoRI and generates the following banding pattern.What is the likely genotype of this individual?

Accepted Answer

a)A Southern blot of PstI-digested DNA f

Question 5

Which of the following about the Sanger sequencing method is/are TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A) Sanger sequencing uses dideoxynucleotide triphosphates to terminate DNA polymerization. 
B) Dideoxynucleotides lack 2′ and 3′ OH groups in the ribose sugar. 
C) All four deoxynucleotide triphosphates are used in a Sanger sequencing reaction. 
D) Fluorescent dyes can be used to automate Sanger sequencing. 
E) All of the answer options are correct. 
A) Sanger sequencing uses dideoxynucleotide triphosphates to terminate DNA polymerization. 
B) Dideoxynucleotides lack 2′ and 3′ OH groups in the ribose sugar. 
C) All four deoxynucleotide triphosphates are used in a Sanger sequencing reaction. 
D) Fluorescent dyes can be used to automate Sanger sequencing. 
E) All of the answer options are correct.

Question 6

Restriction endonucleases BamH1,NheI,XbaI,and EcoRI make sequence-specific cuts in DNA at the following sequences:
BamHI: $\quad $ 5'-GGATCC-3'
NheI:  $\quad $ $\quad $5'-GCTAGC-3'
XbaI:  $\quad $ $\quad $5'-TCTAGA-3'
EcoRI:  $\quad $ $\quad $5'-GAATTC-3'
All these enzymes break a phosphodiester bond between the first and second nucleotide (counting from the 5' end),leaving a 5' P and a 3' OH.
Could ligase covalently join two ends produced by the following enzymes? If so,would ligation regenerate one of the above restriction sites?
(1)two BamH1 ends?
(2)two XbaI ends?
(3)a BamH1 and an EcoRI end?
(4)an XbaI and an NheI end?
(5)a BamH1 and an NheI end?

Accepted Answer

Some cohesive ends can form perfect Wats

Question 7

A linear molecule of DNA 9 kb in length is isolated and mapped using restriction endonucleases EcoRI and HindIII.The fragments generated by the single and double digests are shown below.The numbers refer to the length of fragments in kilobases.
EcoRI: 7 kb,2 kb
HindIII: 5 kb,4 kb
EcoRI + HindIII: 4 kb,3 kb,2 kb
SalI: 8.5 kb,0.5 kb
EcoRI + SalI: 7 kb,1.5 kb,0.5 kb
Construct a restriction map of this linear fragment of DNA.

Accepted Answer

This piece of DNA can be label

Question 8

A plasmid vector has a gene for erythromycin resistance (EryR)and a gene for ampicillin resistance (AmpR).The Amp gene is cut with restriction enzyme,and donor DNA treated with the same enzyme is added.What genotype of cells needs to be selected to show evidence of transformation?

Accepted Answer

A) AmpREryR  
B) AmpREryS  
C) AmpSEryR  
D) AmpSEryS 
E) None of the answer options are correct. 
A) AmpREryR  
B) AmpREryS  
C) AmpSEryR  
D) AmpSEryS 
E) None of the answer options are correct.

Question 9

In the Sanger sequencing method,the use of dideoxy adenosine triphosphate stops nucleotide polymerization opposite:

Accepted Answer

A) A's in the template strand. 
B) T's in the template strand. 
C) G's in the template strand. 
D) C's in the template strand. 
E) any base selected randomly in the template strand. 
A) A's in the template strand. 
B) T's in the template strand. 
C) G's in the template strand. 
D) C's in the template strand. 
E) any base selected randomly in the template strand.

Question 10

The autoradiogram shown was generated by the dideoxy sequencing method.Define the DNA sequence of the template strand that was used in this sequencing reaction,noting the 5′ and 3′ ends of this template strand.

Accepted Answer

Reading the gel bottom to top

Question 11

The intermediate temperature cycle (72°C)in the polymerase chain reaction enables:

Accepted Answer

A) hybridization between the template DNA and the PCR primers. 
B) denaturation of the template DNA to enable primer access to matching sequence. 
C) activation of the primers to being the amplification procedure. 
D) activity of the thermostable DNA polymerase enzyme. 
E) a reduction of contamination in the amplification reaction. 
A) hybridization between the template DNA and the PCR primers. 
B) denaturation of the template DNA to enable primer access to matching sequence. 
C) activation of the primers to being the amplification procedure. 
D) activity of the thermostable DNA polymerase enzyme. 
E) a reduction of contamination in the amplification reaction.

Question 12

A chimeric plasmid contains vector DNA ligated to a fragment of chromosomal mouse DNA that is suspected of containing the obese gene.As a first step,a restriction map of the DNA clone was constructed.The DNA was digested with two restriction enzymes,BopI and ZapII,with the following results:
  
 a)From these data,answer the following questions.
(1)How large is the entire DNA clone?
(2)Is the clone linear or circular?
(3)Draw a restriction map consistent with these data.Include all BopI and ZapII sites and the physical distances between them.

b)To better identify the location of the mouse chromosomal DNA on this chimeric plasmid,mouse genomic DNA was digested with ZapII,run on a gel,and analyzed using the Southern blot technique.The Southern blot was probed with radiolabeled Zap II DNA fragments from the plasmid DNA.Three lanes each containing the same amount of Zap II-digested chromosomal DNA were each probed with a different fragment from the plasmid.Autoradiograms showed the following: What is the maximum amount of mouse DNA present in the clone? Why didn't the 2.0-kb ZapII fragment hybridize to the mouse DNA?

Accepted Answer

a)
1)8.0 kb
2)A circular plasmid is the

Question 13

The cDNA for a eukaryotic gene B is 900 nucleotide pairs long.A cDNA clone is used to isolate a genomic clone of gene B,and the gene is sequenced.From start to stop codon,the gene is found to be 1800 nucleotide pairs long.The most probable reason for the discrepancy is that:

Accepted Answer

A) the mRNA broke during cDNA synthesis. 
B) the gene is present as a tandem duplication. 
C) the gene has 900 nucleotide pairs of introns. 
D) the genomic clone is not really gene B,just a related gene. 
E) there was a sequencing error. 
A) the mRNA broke during cDNA synthesis. 
B) the gene is present as a tandem duplication. 
C) the gene has 900 nucleotide pairs of introns. 
D) the genomic clone is not really gene B,just a related gene. 
E) there was a sequencing error.

Question 14

Recombinant DNA techniques typically require the action of:

Accepted Answer

A) DNA polymerase and phosphatase. 
B) restriction enzymes and DNA ligase. 
C) RNA polymerase and RNA primase. 
D) reverse transcriptase. 
E) DNA helicase. 
A) DNA polymerase and phosphatase. 
B) restriction enzymes and DNA ligase. 
C) RNA polymerase and RNA primase. 
D) reverse transcriptase. 
E) DNA helicase.

Question 15

In Southern and Northern blotting,the probe being used to analyze DNA or RNA identifies the target sequence via:

Accepted Answer

A) attaching to the gene target via antibody-like protein-to-protein interactions. 
B) a DNA ligase-mediated attachment to the target DNA or RNA fragments. 
C) annealing between complementary sequences on the probe and the gene target. 
D) an enzymatic step that includes crosslinking between similar nucleic acid sequences. 
E) amplification during the polymerase chain reaction. 
A) attaching to the gene target via antibody-like protein-to-protein interactions. 
B) a DNA ligase-mediated attachment to the target DNA or RNA fragments. 
C) annealing between complementary sequences on the probe and the gene target. 
D) an enzymatic step that includes crosslinking between similar nucleic acid sequences. 
E) amplification during the polymerase chain reaction.

Question 16

In the study of genetics,a "library" denotes:

Accepted Answer

A) the information carried in a digital database,such as GenBank. 
B) a collection of DNA fragments isolated from a particular group of cells (or tissue)representing the genetic content of those cells. 
C) a complex collection of restriction enzymes gathered for the purpose of restriction enzyme mapping. 
D) all the proteins present in a particular cell type,collected by protein extraction. 
E) a collection of books that explore the topic of genetics. 
A) the information carried in a digital database,such as GenBank. 
B) a collection of DNA fragments isolated from a particular group of cells (or tissue)representing the genetic content of those cells. 
C) a complex collection of restriction enzymes gathered for the purpose of restriction enzyme mapping. 
D) all the proteins present in a particular cell type,collected by protein extraction. 
E) a collection of books that explore the topic of genetics.

Question 17

A linear DNA molecule has n target sites for restriction enzyme EcoRI.How many fragments will be produced after complete digestion?

Accepted Answer

A) n - 1 
B) n 
C) n + 1 
D) 2n - 1 
E) 2n + 2 
A) n - 1 
B) n 
C) n + 1 
D) 2n - 1 
E) 2n + 2

Question 18

Which of the following about plasmid vectors is/are TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A) Plasmid vectors must have convenient restriction sites/polylinker sites. 
B) Plasmid vectors must have an origin of replication. 
C) Plasmid vectors must carry a selectable marker (drug resistance)for selection. 
D) Plasmid vectors can accept DNA inserts as large as 10 kb to 15 kb. 
E) All of the answer options are correct. 
A) Plasmid vectors must have convenient restriction sites/polylinker sites. 
B) Plasmid vectors must have an origin of replication. 
C) Plasmid vectors must carry a selectable marker (drug resistance)for selection. 
D) Plasmid vectors can accept DNA inserts as large as 10 kb to 15 kb. 
E) All of the answer options are correct.

Question 19

Human insulin can be made purer,and at a lower cost,using recombinant DNA technology.What sort of DNA clone might be ligated into a bacterial expression plasmid to be used in this strategy?

Accepted Answer

A cDNA clone,placed into a plasmid with

Question 20

A radioactive probe is generated using the actin gene from yeast.This probe is used in a Southern blot analysis of EcoRI digested genomic DNA from the ciliated protozoan Tetrahymena thermophila.The autoradiogram shows a single-labeled band of 4 kb in size.This means that the Tetrahymena actin gene is:

Accepted Answer

A) 4 kb in size. 
B) the same size as the yeast gene. 
C) present in one copy in the genome. 
D) present in four copies in the genome. 
E) identical in sequence with the yeast gene. 
A) 4 kb in size. 
B) the same size as the yeast gene. 
C) present in one copy in the genome. 
D) present in four copies in the genome. 
E) identical in sequence with the yeast gene.

Which of the following is NOT true of a cDNA clone?

Bacterial cells have a variety of restriction enzymes that can degrade the DNA of an attacking virus.How do these bacterial cells protect their own DNA from being degraded by the very restriction enzymes that are meant to help them?

Which of the following organisms can be made transgenic by injection of DNA into the gonad,generating extrachromosomal arrays of the transgene in some egg cells?

Which of the following about the Sanger sequencing method is/are TRUE?

A plasmid vector has a gene for erythromycin resistance (Ery^R)and a gene for ampicillin resistance (Amp^R).The Amp gene is cut with restriction enzyme,and donor DNA treated with the same enzyme is added.What genotype of cells needs to be selected to show evidence of transformation?

In the Sanger sequencing method,the use of dideoxy adenosine triphosphate stops nucleotide polymerization opposite:

The autoradiogram shown was generated by the dideoxy sequencing method.Define the DNA sequence of the template strand that was used in this sequencing reaction,noting the 5′ and 3′ ends of this template strand.

The intermediate temperature cycle (72°C)in the polymerase chain reaction enables:

The cDNA for a eukaryotic gene B is 900 nucleotide pairs long.A cDNA clone is used to isolate a genomic clone of gene B,and the gene is sequenced.From start to stop codon,the gene is found to be 1800 nucleotide pairs long.The most probable reason for the discrepancy is that:

Recombinant DNA techniques typically require the action of:

In Southern and Northern blotting,the probe being used to analyze DNA or RNA identifies the target sequence via:

In the study of genetics,a "library" denotes:

A linear DNA molecule has n target sites for restriction enzyme EcoRI.How many fragments will be produced after complete digestion?

Which of the following about plasmid vectors is/are TRUE?

Human insulin can be made purer,and at a lower cost,using recombinant DNA technology.What sort of DNA clone might be ligated into a bacterial expression plasmid to be used in this strategy?

The Genetics Revolution

Single-Gene Inheritance

Independent Assortment of Genes

Mapping Eukaryote Chromosomes by Recombination

The Genetics of Bacteria and Their Viruses

Gene Interaction

Dna: Structure and Replication

Rna: Transcription and Processing

Proteins and Their Synthesis

Regulation of Gene Expression in Bacteria and Their Viruses

Regulation of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes

The Genetic Control of Development

Genomes and Genomics

The Dynamic Genome: Transposable Elements

Mutation, Repair, and Recombination

Large-Scale Chromosomal Changes

Population Genetics

The Inheritance of Complex Traits

Evolution of Genes and Traits

Filters

Exam 10: Gene Isolation and Manipulation

Which of the following is NOT true of a cDNA clone?

Bacterial cells have a variety of restriction enzymes that can degrade the DNA of an attacking virus.How do these bacterial cells protect their own DNA from being degraded by the very restriction enzymes that are meant to help them?

Which of the following organisms can be made transgenic by injection of DNA into the gonad,generating extrachromosomal arrays of the transgene in some egg cells?

Which of the following about the Sanger sequencing method is/are TRUE?

A plasmid vector has a gene for erythromycin resistance (EryR)and a gene for ampicillin resistance (AmpR).The Amp gene is cut with restriction enzyme,and donor DNA treated with the same enzyme is added.What genotype of cells needs to be selected to show evidence of transformation?

In the Sanger sequencing method,the use of dideoxy adenosine triphosphate stops nucleotide polymerization opposite:

The autoradiogram shown was generated by the dideoxy sequencing method.Define the DNA sequence of the template strand that was used in this sequencing reaction,noting the 5′ and 3′ ends of this template strand.

The intermediate temperature cycle (72°C)in the polymerase chain reaction enables:

The cDNA for a eukaryotic gene B is 900 nucleotide pairs long.A cDNA clone is used to isolate a genomic clone of gene B,and the gene is sequenced.From start to stop codon,the gene is found to be 1800 nucleotide pairs long.The most probable reason for the discrepancy is that:

Recombinant DNA techniques typically require the action of:

In Southern and Northern blotting,the probe being used to analyze DNA or RNA identifies the target sequence via:

In the study of genetics,a "library" denotes:

A linear DNA molecule has n target sites for restriction enzyme EcoRI.How many fragments will be produced after complete digestion?

Which of the following about plasmid vectors is/are TRUE?

Human insulin can be made purer,and at a lower cost,using recombinant DNA technology.What sort of DNA clone might be ligated into a bacterial expression plasmid to be used in this strategy?

The Genetics Revolution

Single-Gene Inheritance

Independent Assortment of Genes

Mapping Eukaryote Chromosomes by Recombination

The Genetics of Bacteria and Their Viruses

Gene Interaction

Dna: Structure and Replication

Rna: Transcription and Processing

Proteins and Their Synthesis

Regulation of Gene Expression in Bacteria and Their Viruses

Regulation of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes

The Genetic Control of Development

Genomes and Genomics

The Dynamic Genome: Transposable Elements

Mutation, Repair, and Recombination

Large-Scale Chromosomal Changes

Population Genetics

The Inheritance of Complex Traits

Evolution of Genes and Traits

Filters

A plasmid vector has a gene for erythromycin resistance (Ery^R)and a gene for ampicillin resistance (Amp^R).The Amp gene is cut with restriction enzyme,and donor DNA treated with the same enzyme is added.What genotype of cells needs to be selected to show evidence of transformation?