Exam 13: Carbohydrate Metabolism: Glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, glycogen Metabolism, and the Pentose Phosphate Pathway

Assuming that gluconeogenesis was active in a mammalian liver,under what conditions would PEPCK have more activity in the mitochondria than in the cytosol?

Which of the following intermediates is a feed-forward activator of pyruvate kinase?

Experiments that investigated the Pasteur effect showed that when oxygen is introduced to cells where glycolysis is occurring,all intermediates beginning with ________ become depleted due to inhibition of the enzyme _________.

Provide the missing names or structures for the following scheme of the fermentation of pyruvate

Conversion of pyruvate to acetaldehyde requires _______ while conversion of acetaldehyde to ethanol requires _______.

In the vertebrate liver,which major regulatory point is bypassed during fructose metabolism,often leading to conversion of excess fructose into fat?

In the mammalian liver,hexokinase IV is sequestered in _______ when glucose concentrations are low.When glucose concentrations are high,it is found in the cytosol bound to the enzyme ________.

Fill in the missing two intermediates of glycolysis:

Which of the following is the fate of pyruvate in a blood cell?

When glucagon binds to its receptor on a liver cell,which of the following sequence of events occurs to activate protein kinase A?

For the interconversion of an aldose and ketose,show the intermediate of the reaction.

During aerobic glycolysis,pyruvate is most likely oxidized to ________ while in anaerobic glycolysis,pyruvate is converted to _________.

When glucagon binds to receptors on mammalian liver cells,which of the following occurs due to enzyme phosphorylation?

The reaction catalyzed by triose phosphate isomerase is most similar in mechanism to which of the following glycolytic enzymes?

What is the initial step in the mechanism of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase when the substrate is fructose-1,6-bisphosphate in its open-chain form?

Which of the following is correctly paired with the glycolytic intermediate that serves as its precursor?

In most bacteria that utilize glucose,what molecule both aids in transport of glucose into the cell and is phosphorylating agent for conversion of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate?

The oxidative phase of the pentose phosphate pathway has _____ oxidation reactions,effectively oxidizing an ___________ to ____________.

In its non-phosphorylated state,glycogen phosphorylase can be activated by which of the following molecules?

The conversion of ribulose-5-phosphate to xylulose-5-phosphate requires what enzyme?