Question 1

A pseudogene is a ___________.

Accepted Answer

A) gene that codes for a non-functional protein 
B) nonexpressed gene 
C) mutated gene 
D) gene with multiple promoter regions that causes the start of transcription to be mistaken 
E) none of the above 
A) gene that codes for a non-functional protein 
B) nonexpressed gene 
C) mutated gene 
D) gene with multiple promoter regions that causes the start of transcription to be mistaken 
E) none of the above B

Question 2

BamHI has a restriction site of G$\downarrow$GATCC while HpaI has a restriction site of GTT$\downarrow$ACC.Based upon this,BamHI produces __________ and HpaI produces __________.

Accepted Answer

A) a 5' overhang;a 3' overhang 
B) a 5' overhang;a 5' overhang 
C) a 5' overhang;blunt ends 
D) a 3' overhang;a 5' overhang 
E) a 3' overhang;blunt ends 
A) a 5' overhang;a 3' overhang 
B) a 5' overhang;a 5' overhang 
C) a 5' overhang;blunt ends 
D) a 3' overhang;a 5' overhang 
E) a 3' overhang;blunt ends C

Question 3

A linear DNA molecule was treated with PstI and gave two fragments with sizes of 2150 and 3420 base pairs.The same DNA was treated with BamHI and gave three fragments of 1250,1930 and 2390 base pairs.Finally,the DNA was treated with both enzymes at the same time and gave fragments of 900,1250,1490 and 1930 base pairs.Provide a map of the DNA molecule clearly indicating the restriction sites.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A linear DNA molecule was treated with...

Question 4

What is present in many eukaryotic genes that drastically increases the size of eukaryotic DNA,but are not present in prokaryotic genes?

Accepted Answer

A) satellite DNA 
B) long interspersed elements 
C) Alu sequences 
D) exons 
E) introns 
A) satellite DNA 
B) long interspersed elements 
C) Alu sequences 
D) exons 
E) introns

Question 5

What does a yeast artificial chromosome (YAC)allow one to do?

Accepted Answer

A) selective analysis of yeast replication and transcription 
B) incorporation of eukaryotic genes into prokaryotic cells 
C) sequence analysis of DNA fragments up to 106 base pairs in size 
D) analysis of chromosomal-sized DNA in the absence of centromeres and telomeres 
E) all of the above 
A) selective analysis of yeast replication and transcription 
B) incorporation of eukaryotic genes into prokaryotic cells 
C) sequence analysis of DNA fragments up to 106 base pairs in size 
D) analysis of chromosomal-sized DNA in the absence of centromeres and telomeres 
E) all of the above

Question 6

What is the typical percentage of lysine + arginine in histone proteins?

Accepted Answer

A) 35% 
A) 35%

Question 7

A typical size for a viral genome is ______ nucleotides per haploid genome while a typical size for a bacterial genome is ______ nucleotides per haploid genome.

Accepted Answer

A) 2 $\times$106;4 $\times$8 
B) 8$\times$104;5$\times$107 
C) 1$\times$103;9$\times$104 
D) 5$\times$104;4$\times$106 
E) 3$\times$104;5$\times$109 
A) 2 $\times$106;4 $\times$8 
B) 8$\times$104;5$\times$107 
C) 1$\times$103;9$\times$104 
D) 5$\times$104;4$\times$106 
E) 3$\times$104;5$\times$109

Question 8

Show the product of the following restriction digest.PstI has a restriction site of CTGCA$\downarrow$G.P- indicate the 5' phosphate,-OH indicates the 3'hydroxyl.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Show the product of the following restriction...

Question 9

Which of the following describes a proper organization sequence for DNA in the nucleus?

Accepted Answer

A) DNA helix $\to$ nucleosome $\to$ chromatin fiber $\to$ condensed fiber 
B) DNA helix $\to$ chromatin fiber $\to$ nucleosome $\to$ condensed fiber 
C) DNA helix $\to$ condensed fiber $\to$ nucleosome $\to$ chromatin fiber 
D) DNA helix $\to$ nucleosome $\to$ condensed fiber $\to$ chromatin fiber 
E) none of the above 
A) DNA helix $\to$ nucleosome $\to$ chromatin fiber $\to$ condensed fiber 
B) DNA helix $\to$ chromatin fiber $\to$ nucleosome $\to$ condensed fiber 
C) DNA helix $\to$ condensed fiber $\to$ nucleosome $\to$ chromatin fiber 
D) DNA helix $\to$ nucleosome $\to$ condensed fiber $\to$ chromatin fiber 
E) none of the above

Question 10

Southern analysis of an individual DNA sample with an overall size of 10.1 kbp using a restriction enzyme that recognized a 6-base restriction site gave the following results.If the same test was performed on a different individual and four bands were seen in the analysis,what would the result look like and why?

Accepted Answer

The expected results would look somethin

Question 11

What is the term used to describe genetic variation that occurs among individuals of the same species resulting in gain or loss of restriction sites that can be detected by Southern analysis?

Accepted Answer

A) polymorphism 
B) hybridization 
C) clone 
D) epigenetic variant 
E) none of the above 
A) polymorphism 
B) hybridization 
C) clone 
D) epigenetic variant 
E) none of the above

Question 12

Which histone protein is associated with the linker DNA and therefore not actually part of the nucleosome?

Accepted Answer

A) H1 
B) H2A 
C) H2B 
D) H3 
E) H4 
A) H1 
B) H2A 
C) H2B 
D) H3 
E) H4

Question 13

Which of the following represents the correct order of steps usually taken in a Southern analysis?

Accepted Answer

A) electrophoresis $\to$ restriction digest $\to$ nitrocellulose transfer $\to$ hybridization 
B) electrophoresis $\to$ hybridization $\to$ restriction digest $\to$ nitrocellulose transfer 
C) hybridization $\to$ restriction digest $\to$electrophoresis $\to$ nitrocellulose transfer 
D) restriction digest $\to$ electrophoresis $\to$ hybridization $\to$ nitrocellulose transfer 
E) restriction digest $\to$ electrophoresis $\to$ nitrocellulose transfer $\to$ hybridization 
A) electrophoresis $\to$ restriction digest $\to$ nitrocellulose transfer $\to$ hybridization 
B) electrophoresis $\to$ hybridization $\to$ restriction digest $\to$ nitrocellulose transfer 
C) hybridization $\to$ restriction digest $\to$electrophoresis $\to$ nitrocellulose transfer 
D) restriction digest $\to$ electrophoresis $\to$ hybridization $\to$ nitrocellulose transfer 
E) restriction digest $\to$ electrophoresis $\to$ nitrocellulose transfer $\to$ hybridization

Question 14

What structure is responsible for linking the centromeres to the spindle fibers during mitosis?

Accepted Answer

A) metaphase plate 
B) nucleosome 
C) kinetochore 
D) centromere scaffold 
E) none of the above 
A) metaphase plate 
B) nucleosome 
C) kinetochore 
D) centromere scaffold 
E) none of the above

Question 15

The argument that mitochondria and chloroplasts originally were self-sufficient bacteria is supported by the presence of what protein-DNA structure?

Accepted Answer

A) nucleoids 
B) chromatin 
C) importins 
D) chromatids 
E) nucleosomes 
A) nucleoids 
B) chromatin 
C) importins 
D) chromatids 
E) nucleosomes

Question 16

What chemical modification of host DNA is used to protect it against cleavage by the host's own restriction enzymes?

Accepted Answer

A) methylation 
B) phosphorylation 
C) acetylation 
D) conversion of some cytosine to uracil 
E) conversion of some guanosine to inosine 
A) methylation 
B) phosphorylation 
C) acetylation 
D) conversion of some cytosine to uracil 
E) conversion of some guanosine to inosine

Question 17

What is a haplotype?

Accepted Answer

A) a collection of polymorphisms that occur by insertions 
B) a collection of polymorphisms that occur by deletions 
C) a collection of polymorphisms that occur by repetition of short sequences 
D) a collection of polymorphisms that occur by single base changes 
E) a collection of polymorphisms that display a distinct pattern that arises from the use of similar modifications to the area of the genome in question 
A) a collection of polymorphisms that occur by insertions 
B) a collection of polymorphisms that occur by deletions 
C) a collection of polymorphisms that occur by repetition of short sequences 
D) a collection of polymorphisms that occur by single base changes 
E) a collection of polymorphisms that display a distinct pattern that arises from the use of similar modifications to the area of the genome in question

Question 18

What proteins,responsible for specific protein kinase activation,are major control elements in the cell cycle?

Accepted Answer

A) Rb proteins 
B) cyclins 
C) p53 
D) cohesins 
E) nonhistone chromosomal proteins 
A) Rb proteins 
B) cyclins 
C) p53 
D) cohesins 
E) nonhistone chromosomal proteins

Question 19

What term is used to describe a collection of cloned genomic fragments?

Accepted Answer

A) sequence 
B) repository 
C) fragmented genome 
D) library 
E) none of the above 
A) sequence 
B) repository 
C) fragmented genome 
D) library 
E) none of the above

Question 20

Where in the following DNA sequence is the start of a 6-base type II restriction site? Every fifth nucleotide is indicated with a bold letter using the top strand for numbering.

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 7 
C) 10 
D) 18 
E) there is no restriction site in this sequence 
A) 1 
B) 7 
C) 10 
D) 18 
E) there is no restriction site in this sequence

Exam 24: Genes,genomes and Chromosomes

A pseudogene is a ___________.

BamHI has a restriction site of G ↓\downarrow↓ GATCC while HpaI has a restriction site of GTT ↓\downarrow↓ ACC.Based upon this,BamHI produces __________ and HpaI produces __________.

What is present in many eukaryotic genes that drastically increases the size of eukaryotic DNA,but are not present in prokaryotic genes?

What does a yeast artificial chromosome (YAC)allow one to do?

What is the typical percentage of lysine + arginine in histone proteins?

A typical size for a viral genome is ______ nucleotides per haploid genome while a typical size for a bacterial genome is ______ nucleotides per haploid genome.

Show the product of the following restriction digest.PstI has a restriction site of CTGCA ↓\downarrow↓ G.P- indicate the 5' phosphate,-OH indicates the 3'hydroxyl.

Which of the following describes a proper organization sequence for DNA in the nucleus?

What is the term used to describe genetic variation that occurs among individuals of the same species resulting in gain or loss of restriction sites that can be detected by Southern analysis?

Which histone protein is associated with the linker DNA and therefore not actually part of the nucleosome?

Which of the following represents the correct order of steps usually taken in a Southern analysis?

What structure is responsible for linking the centromeres to the spindle fibers during mitosis?

The argument that mitochondria and chloroplasts originally were self-sufficient bacteria is supported by the presence of what protein-DNA structure?

What chemical modification of host DNA is used to protect it against cleavage by the host's own restriction enzymes?

What is a haplotype?

What proteins,responsible for specific protein kinase activation,are major control elements in the cell cycle?

What term is used to describe a collection of cloned genomic fragments?

Where in the following DNA sequence is the start of a 6-base type II restriction site? Every fifth nucleotide is indicated with a bold letter using the top strand for numbering.

The Scope of Biochemistry

The Matrix of Life: Weak Interactions in an Aqueous Environment

The Energetics of Life

Nucleic Acids

Introduction to Proteins: the Primary Level of Protein Structure

The Three-Dimensional Structure of Proteins

Protein Function and Evolution

Contractile Proteins and Molecular Motors

Carbohydrates: Sugars,saccharides,glycans

Lipids,membranes and Cellular Transport

Enzymes: Biological Catalysts

Chemical Logic of Metabolism

Carbohydrate Metabolism: Glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, glycogen Metabolism, and the Pentose Phosphate Pathway

Citric Acid Cycle and Glyoxylate Cycle

Electron Transport, oxidative Phosphorylation, and Oxygen Metabolism

Photosynthesis

Lipid Metabolism I: Fatty Acids,triacylglycerols,and Lipoproteins

Interorgan and Intracellular Coordination of Energy Metabolism in Vertebrates

Lipid Metabolism Ii: Membrane Lipids, steroids, isoprenoids, and Eicosanoids

Metabolism of Nitrogenous Compounds I: Principles of Biosynthesis, utilization, and Turnover

Metabolism of Nitogenous Compounds Ii: Amino Acids, porphyrins, and Neurotransmitters

Nucleotide Metabolism

Mechanisms of Signal Transduction

Dna Replication

Dna Restructuring: Repair,recombination,rearrangement,amplification

Information Readout: Transcription and Post-Transcriptional Processing

Information Decoding: Translation and Post-Translational Protein Processing

Regulation of Gene Expression

Filters

BamHI has a restriction site of G $\downarrow$ GATCC while HpaI has a restriction site of GTT $\downarrow$ ACC.Based upon this,BamHI produces and HpaI produces .

A typical size for a viral genome is nucleotides per haploid genome while a typical size for a bacterial genome is nucleotides per haploid genome.