Question 1

Give the mRNA sequence that would result from the following sense strand:
5'-A-T-C-T-C-G-A-T-C-G-T-A-C-G-A-T-G-T-C-A-3'

Accepted Answer

5'-A-U-C-U-C-G-A-U-C-G-U-A-C-G-A-U-G-U-C-A-3'

Question 2

During factor-independent termination,RNA polymerase pauses upon encountering a _____________ and is then displaced downstream upon encountering a ___________.

Accepted Answer

A) TATAAT sequence;G-C rich segment 
B) G-C rich segment;TATAAT sequence 
C) G-C rich segment;string of 4-8 A residues 
D) string of 4-8 A residues;TATAAT sequence 
E) string of 4-8 A residues;G-C rich segment 
A) TATAAT sequence;G-C rich segment 
B) G-C rich segment;TATAAT sequence 
C) G-C rich segment;string of 4-8 A residues 
D) string of 4-8 A residues;TATAAT sequence 
E) string of 4-8 A residues;G-C rich segment C

Question 3

Phosphorylation of the Rpb1 subunit of pol II causes what to occur?

Accepted Answer

A) binding to histone proteins 
B) hydrogen bonding with guanine residues near the start of transcription 
C) dissociation from the promoter 
D) transcription termination 
E) none of the above 
A) binding to histone proteins 
B) hydrogen bonding with guanine residues near the start of transcription 
C) dissociation from the promoter 
D) transcription termination 
E) none of the above C

Question 4

What is required for conversion from the closed-promoter complex to open-promoter complex?

Accepted Answer

A) ATP binding 
B) ATP hydrolysis 
C) GTP binding 
D) GTP hydrolysis 
E) DNA bending 
A) ATP binding 
B) ATP hydrolysis 
C) GTP binding 
D) GTP hydrolysis 
E) DNA bending

Question 5

E.coli cells achieve a great deal of gene regulatory expression through the  $\sigma$ subunit of RNA polymerase.Which  $\sigma$ subunit is present most often since it promotes the production of most of the proteins required under normal conditions within the cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  $\sigma$N 
B)  $\sigma$S 
C)  $\sigma$H 
D)  $\sigma$30 
E)  $\sigma$70 
A)  $\sigma$N 
B)  $\sigma$S 
C)  $\sigma$H 
D)  $\sigma$30 
E)  $\sigma$70

Question 6

How does the concentration of ribonucleotide triphosphates play a role in the regulation of initiation?

Accepted Answer

A) a high concentration of ATP is required to form the open-promoter complex 
B) high concentration of both ATP and GTP are required to form the open-promoter complex 
C) the single nucleotide binding site of RNA polymerase undergoes a conformational change after the first nucleotide to allow subsequent nucleotides to bind more readily 
D) binding of the first nucleotide requires a half-saturating concentration of ~100 $\mu$M while the half-saturating concentration for subsequent nucleotides is only ~10 $\mu$M 
E) none of the above 
A) a high concentration of ATP is required to form the open-promoter complex 
B) high concentration of both ATP and GTP are required to form the open-promoter complex 
C) the single nucleotide binding site of RNA polymerase undergoes a conformational change after the first nucleotide to allow subsequent nucleotides to bind more readily 
D) binding of the first nucleotide requires a half-saturating concentration of ~100 $\mu$M while the half-saturating concentration for subsequent nucleotides is only ~10 $\mu$M 
E) none of the above

Question 7

Which of the following events commonly occur in the processing of eukaryotic mRNA?

Accepted Answer

A) addition of a 5' cap 
B) RNA editing 
C) splicing to remove introns 
D) alternative splicing to combine different exons into mature mRNA 
E) all of the above 
A) addition of a 5' cap 
B) RNA editing 
C) splicing to remove introns 
D) alternative splicing to combine different exons into mature mRNA 
E) all of the above

Question 8

Which subunit of E.coli RNA polymerase is responsible for DNA binding?

Accepted Answer

A) $\alpha$ 
B) $\beta$ 
C) $\beta$' 
D)  $\sigma$ 
E) $\omega$ 
A) $\alpha$ 
B) $\beta$ 
C) $\beta$' 
D)  $\sigma$ 
E) $\omega$

Question 9

Which of the following is the first event in the post-translational processing of an E.coli tRNA?

Accepted Answer

A) ribonuclease P cleavage to create the proper 5' end of the molecule 
B) methylation of guanine residues 
C) conversion of some uridine residues to pseudouridine 
D) endonuclease cleavage of about 170 bases from the 3' end of the molecule 
E) removal of 9 nucleotides from the 3' end by ribonuclease D 
A) ribonuclease P cleavage to create the proper 5' end of the molecule 
B) methylation of guanine residues 
C) conversion of some uridine residues to pseudouridine 
D) endonuclease cleavage of about 170 bases from the 3' end of the molecule 
E) removal of 9 nucleotides from the 3' end by ribonuclease D

Question 10

In eukaryotic cells,RNA polymerase ____ transcribes most of the ribosomal RNA,RNA polymerase ____ transcribes the major structural genes and RNA polymerase ____ transcribes tRNAs.

Accepted Answer

A) I;II;III 
B) I;III;II 
C) II;I;III 
D) II;III;I 
E) III;II;I 
A) I;II;III 
B) I;III;II 
C) II;I;III 
D) II;III;I 
E) III;II;I

Question 11

The figure below shows a newly transcribed mRNA still associated with the template DNA.Draw the stem-loop structure that often forms during termination.
3'-GGTCGGGCGGATTACTCGCCCGAAAAAAAA-5'
5'-CCAGCCCGCCUAAUGAGCGGGCUUUUUUUU-3'

Accepted Answer

The answer of The figure below shows a newly transcribed...

Question 12

The concept of the operon was proposed based on the ability of E.coli to metabolize the disaccharide ________ only when present in large excess over glucose.

Accepted Answer

A) sucrose 
B) cellobiose 
C) galactose 
D) lactose 
E) maltose 
A) sucrose 
B) cellobiose 
C) galactose 
D) lactose 
E) maltose

Question 13

The E.coli promoter region contains a -10 consensus sequence of _________ on the sense strand.

Accepted Answer

A) GAGAGA 
B) CTCTCT 
C) GAGGAG 
D) GACGTC 
E) TATAAT 
A) GAGAGA 
B) CTCTCT 
C) GAGGAG 
D) GACGTC 
E) TATAAT

Question 14

Which subunit of E.coli RNA polymerase is responsible for the RNA polymerization reaction?

Accepted Answer

A) $\alpha$ 
B) $\beta$ 
C) $\beta$' 
D)  $\sigma$ 
E) $\omega$ 
A) $\alpha$ 
B) $\beta$ 
C) $\beta$' 
D)  $\sigma$ 
E) $\omega$

Question 15

Rapid transcription of ribosomal RNA is thought to occur as a result of what unique feature in the DNA that encodes these genes?

Accepted Answer

A) high A-T content 
B) highly repetitive sequence 
C) multiple promoter sites that allow high affinity with RNA polymerase 
D) presence of hairpin structures in the DNA 
E) absence of nucleosomes 
A) high A-T content 
B) highly repetitive sequence 
C) multiple promoter sites that allow high affinity with RNA polymerase 
D) presence of hairpin structures in the DNA 
E) absence of nucleosomes

Question 16

Transcription of the 5S rRNA gene occurs by ________ covering the entire gene so that pol III can ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) TFIIB;transcribe the gene several times before dissociating 
B) TFIIIC;transcribe the gene several times before dissociating 
C) TFIIB;transcribe both strands of DNA before dissociating 
D) TFIIIC;transcribe both strands of DNA before dissociating 
E) none of the above 
A) TFIIB;transcribe the gene several times before dissociating 
B) TFIIIC;transcribe the gene several times before dissociating 
C) TFIIB;transcribe both strands of DNA before dissociating 
D) TFIIIC;transcribe both strands of DNA before dissociating 
E) none of the above

Question 17

As RNA polymerase moves along the DNA,it creates a single stranded region of about 18 base pairs that is called a ________________.

Accepted Answer

A) transcription bubble 
B) transcription single-stranded region 
C) transcription droplet 
D) transcription vesicle 
E) transcription bead 
A) transcription bubble 
B) transcription single-stranded region 
C) transcription droplet 
D) transcription vesicle 
E) transcription bead

Question 18

The E.coli core polymerase is missing the ____ subunit and binds to DNA with _______ specificity than the holoenzyme.

Accepted Answer

A)  $\sigma$;less 
B)  $\sigma$;greater 
C) $\alpha$;less 
D) $\alpha$;greater 
E) none of the above 
A)  $\sigma$;less 
B)  $\sigma$;greater 
C) $\alpha$;less 
D) $\alpha$;greater 
E) none of the above

Question 19

In vivo,which of the following transcription initiation factors is required for binding to a TATA box?

Accepted Answer

A) TFIID 
B) TFIIE 
C) TFIIF 
D) TFIIH 
E) TAF 
A) TFIID 
B) TFIIE 
C) TFIIF 
D) TFIIH 
E) TAF

Question 20

What type of enzyme activity is associated with the termination factor $\rho$ ?

Accepted Answer

A) topoisomerase 
B) endonuclease 
C) exonuclease 
D) helicase 
E) ligase 
A) topoisomerase 
B) endonuclease 
C) exonuclease 
D) helicase 
E) ligase

Exam 27: Information Readout: Transcription and Post-Transcriptional Processing

Give the mRNA sequence that would result from the following sense strand: 5'-A-T-C-T-C-G-A-T-C-G-T-A-C-G-A-T-G-T-C-A-3'

During factor-independent termination,RNA polymerase pauses upon encountering a _____________ and is then displaced downstream upon encountering a ___________.

Phosphorylation of the Rpb1 subunit of pol II causes what to occur?

What is required for conversion from the closed-promoter complex to open-promoter complex?

E.coli cells achieve a great deal of gene regulatory expression through the σ\sigmaσ subunit of RNA polymerase.Which σ\sigmaσ subunit is present most often since it promotes the production of most of the proteins required under normal conditions within the cell?

How does the concentration of ribonucleotide triphosphates play a role in the regulation of initiation?

Which of the following events commonly occur in the processing of eukaryotic mRNA?

Which subunit of E.coli RNA polymerase is responsible for DNA binding?

Which of the following is the first event in the post-translational processing of an E.coli tRNA?

In eukaryotic cells,RNA polymerase ____ transcribes most of the ribosomal RNA,RNA polymerase ____ transcribes the major structural genes and RNA polymerase ____ transcribes tRNAs.

The figure below shows a newly transcribed mRNA still associated with the template DNA.Draw the stem-loop structure that often forms during termination. 3'-GGTCGGGCGGATTACTCGCCCGAAAAAAAA-5' 5'-CCAGCCCGCCUAAUGAGCGGGCUUUUUUUU-3'

The concept of the operon was proposed based on the ability of E.coli to metabolize the disaccharide ________ only when present in large excess over glucose.

The E.coli promoter region contains a -10 consensus sequence of _________ on the sense strand.

Which subunit of E.coli RNA polymerase is responsible for the RNA polymerization reaction?

Rapid transcription of ribosomal RNA is thought to occur as a result of what unique feature in the DNA that encodes these genes?

Transcription of the 5S rRNA gene occurs by ________ covering the entire gene so that pol III can ____________.

As RNA polymerase moves along the DNA,it creates a single stranded region of about 18 base pairs that is called a ________________.

The E.coli core polymerase is missing the ____ subunit and binds to DNA with _______ specificity than the holoenzyme.

In vivo,which of the following transcription initiation factors is required for binding to a TATA box?

What type of enzyme activity is associated with the termination factor ρ\rhoρ ?

The Scope of Biochemistry

The Matrix of Life: Weak Interactions in an Aqueous Environment

The Energetics of Life

Nucleic Acids

Introduction to Proteins: the Primary Level of Protein Structure

The Three-Dimensional Structure of Proteins

Protein Function and Evolution

Contractile Proteins and Molecular Motors

Carbohydrates: Sugars,saccharides,glycans

Lipids,membranes and Cellular Transport

Enzymes: Biological Catalysts

Chemical Logic of Metabolism

Carbohydrate Metabolism: Glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, glycogen Metabolism, and the Pentose Phosphate Pathway

Citric Acid Cycle and Glyoxylate Cycle

Electron Transport, oxidative Phosphorylation, and Oxygen Metabolism

Photosynthesis

Lipid Metabolism I: Fatty Acids,triacylglycerols,and Lipoproteins

Interorgan and Intracellular Coordination of Energy Metabolism in Vertebrates

Lipid Metabolism Ii: Membrane Lipids, steroids, isoprenoids, and Eicosanoids

Metabolism of Nitrogenous Compounds I: Principles of Biosynthesis, utilization, and Turnover

Metabolism of Nitogenous Compounds Ii: Amino Acids, porphyrins, and Neurotransmitters

Nucleotide Metabolism

Mechanisms of Signal Transduction

Genes,genomes and Chromosomes

Dna Replication

Dna Restructuring: Repair,recombination,rearrangement,amplification

Information Decoding: Translation and Post-Translational Protein Processing

Regulation of Gene Expression

Filters

During factor-independent termination,RNA polymerase pauses upon encountering a ___ and is then displaced downstream upon encountering a _.

E.coli cells achieve a great deal of gene regulatory expression through the $\sigma$ subunit of RNA polymerase.Which $\sigma$ subunit is present most often since it promotes the production of most of the proteins required under normal conditions within the cell?

In eukaryotic cells,RNA polymerase transcribes most of the ribosomal RNA,RNA polymerase transcribes the major structural genes and RNA polymerase transcribes tRNAs.

Transcription of the 5S rRNA gene occurs by covering the entire gene so that pol III can ____.

The E.coli core polymerase is missing the subunit and binds to DNA with ___ specificity than the holoenzyme.

What type of enzyme activity is associated with the termination factor $\rho$ ?