Exam 17: Lipid Metabolism I: Fatty Acids,triacylglycerols,and Lipoproteins

Show the result if the following fatty acid underwent one desaturation using a $\Delta$ 9 desaturase followed by one round of elongation.

For the $\beta$ -oxidation of a fatty acid with notation of 18:3c $\Delta$ 6,9,12,how many NADPH would be required and how many FADH₂ would be produced?

Which of the following roles does the liver play in lipoprotein metabolism?

Which of the following enzymes of fatty acid synthesis is most analogous to thiolase when considering that fatty acid synthesis is analogous to a reversal of $\beta$ -oxidation?

Which of the following lists the enzymes (in order)required to transport a molecule of acetyl-CoA from the mitochondrion to the cytosol while returning the "acetyl-CoA acceptor" back to the mitochondrion?

If gadoleic acid (20:1c $\Delta$ 9)underwent complete mitochondrial oxidation to CO₂,how many ATP could be produced assuming that all reduced electron carriers are re-oxidized by the mitochondrial electron transport chain?

In mammalian cells,most fatty acid elongation occurs in _____________.Most desaturation of fatty acids in mammalian cells occurs in _____________.

A(n)___________ is converted to a(n)_____________ by loss of triacylglycerols.

Which of the following lipoproteins distributes dietary lipids?

Which of the following represents the correct sequence of events in a cycle of $\beta$ -oxidation beginning with a saturated fatty acyl-CoA?

What enzyme activities are found in the mitochondrial trifunctional protein that metabolizes long chain (LC)fatty acids?

Which of the following coenzymes is required by acetyl-CoA carboxylase?

Low levels of oxaloacetate with high levels of $\beta$ -oxidation cause the production of what metabolites,particularly within the liver?

For each acetyl-CoA that is incorporated into a growing fatty acid,what energy inputs are required,assuming that the growing fatty acid already contains at least 4 carbons?

The first three reactions of $\beta$ -oxidation are analogous to which of the following reaction sequences of the citric acid cycle?

When comparing the energy in stored fat (triacylglycerols)versus the energy in stored glycogen,what must be taken into account to determine the actual energy available per gram of metabolite?

The enzymes that are responsible for the hydrolysis of triacylglycerols in adipocytes are _________ esterases.

Fill in the missing structures and any reactants or products for one complete round of $\beta$ -oxidation:

Which of the following is the major regulation point for transport of fatty acids into the mitochondria?

Individuals with diets high in coconut oil consume large amounts of lauric (12:0).What are the $\beta$ -oxidation products of lauric acid?