Exam 4: Learning

A camp leader repeatedly hugs a camper after she helps her friend.Each time,the camper is embarrassed and shies away from future acts of assistance.In the example,"Hugging the camper" is _______.

An experiment finds that a certain male subject always has an increased heartbeat when he hears a certain piece of music.The experimenter sounds a buzzer and then plays the piece of music.The experimenter repeats this procedure until the man responds with an increased heartbeat to the sound of the buzzer alone.In this situation the UNCONDITIONED response is the:

When a stimulus is removed from a person or animal resulting in a decrease in the probability of response,it is known as __________.

Linda sees a sign on a farmer's fence that reads: HELP ME PICK STRAWBERRIES.FOR EVERY 5 QUARTS YOU PICK,KEEP ONE FOR YOURSELF.If Linda decides to pick strawberries for this farmer,she would be under a _______ schedule of reinforcement.

Bobby and Sue were parked at Lover's Lane.When Bobby kissed Sue,his breathing accelerated.Sue always wore Chanel #5 when she went out with Bobby.Bobby's faster breathing rate when he smells Chanel #5 is the:

Punishment is MOST effective ___________.

A reinforcer that removes something unpleasant from a situation is called a ________ reinforcer.

The current view of why classical conditioning works the way it does,advanced by Rescorla and others,adds the concept of ___________ to conditioning theory.

Some of the simplest and most basic learning,that involves the acquisition of fairly specific patterns of behaviors in the presence of well-defined stimuli is:

Olivia is punished for spilling her cereal.Her parents give her a spanking and send her to her room where she cries.Later,her puppy makes a mess on the floor.Olivia kicks her puppy and puts it out in the yard where it whines sadly.Which of the following statements explains her behavior toward the puppy?

Most young children put their hands over their ears when they hear the loud boom of firecrackers at a Fourth of July festival,but at first pay scant attention to the person lighting the firecrackers.However,after just a few firecrackers have been exploded,some of the children put their hands over their ears as soon as they see the person approach the firecracker with a match! What is the conditioned stimulus?

After Pavlov's dogs became conditioned to salivate at the sound of the metronome,he experimented by sounding the metronome and then failing to present the dogs with any food right away.Soon,they stopped salivating to the sound of the metronome.This represents the process called ______________.

The "aha!" experience is known as ____________.

What must be paired together for classical conditioning to occur?

Cognitive maps are:

Bobby and Sue were parked at Lover's Lane.When Bobby kissed Sue,his breathing accelerated.Sue always wore Chanel #5 when she went out with Bobby.Bobby's accelerated breathing when he and Sue kissed is the:

Which schedule of reinforcement tends to get the highest response rate?

A child is punished and temporarily stops his or her well-established bad behavior.However,the child soon goes back to acting badly.This is probably because __________.

Classical is to _____ as operant is to _____.

Once conditioning has been acquired,presenting just the conditioned stimulus without the unconditioned stimulus produces: