Exam 4: Learning

Applied behavior analysis (ABA)has been used with autistic children.The basic principle of this form of behavior modification is __________.

Which of the following statements is true?

In the experiment with Little Albert,the conditioned stimulus was _______.

Thorndike's main apparatus in his operant conditioning research was:

Watson's experiment with Little Albert demonstrated that fears might be __________.

A Congressional hearing is taking place in Washington,DC.The representatives are discussing whether the portrayals of violence on children's TV shows are perhaps contributing to the violence we see in schools today.The work of what psychologist is most relevant to their discussions?

In a study on learning,the psychologist conducting the study seeks to explain the inner needs and desires that made learners pursue their goals.She is interested in the inner processes that result in learning.She is studying ___________ .

Seligman's concept of learned helplessness has been extended into the field of psychopathology to explain the emergence of schizophrenia in late adolescence.

A person originally feared great heights,such as standing on top of tall buildings.Now the person has also developed fears of flying in airplanes,standing on ladders,and even watching high-wire artists perform.These new fears are probably the result of _______.

In a conditioning experiment,a sound is paired with a brief puff of air to the eye of the rabbit.After several pairings,the rabbit ultimately blinks its eye when it hears the sound.Which of the following is true?

Catching fish when fishing in a lake would most likely represent which of the following schedules of reinforcement?

Which of the following is an example of classical conditioning?

A young girl is just learning to dress herself.At first,the parents call her a "big girl" just for putting on her clothes "frontwards," even if they are not buttoned.Then,they call her a "big girl" if she tries to button them--even if the buttons are not in the right holes.Then,they call her a "big girl" only if she buttons them correctly.They have been using:

When good things happen to someone,the probability of repeating the behavior that occurred before the good things increases.This best illustrates:

A researcher places dogs in a cage with metal bars on the floor.The dogs are randomly given electric shocks and can do nothing to prevent them or stop them.Later,the same dogs are placed in a cage where they can escape the shocks by jumping over a low hurdle.When the shocks are given,the dogs do not even try to escape.They just sit and cower.This is an example of ____________.

A person is conditioned to fear white rats.Soon after,she also begins to fear white cats,white dogs,and white rabbits.Her new,unconditioned fears result from _______.

Changing behavior through the reinforcement of partial responses is called _______.

Five-year-old Tommy is helping get ready for a family reunion at Thanksgiving by polishing the good silverware.If his mother gives him a dime for each piece he polishes,what kind of reinforcement schedule is she using?

While watching the evening news you see a story about domestic abuse and wonder "Why would anyone stay in a relationship where they are being abused?" According to Seligman,one factor that may contribute to victim's staying in abusive relationships is _______________.

By pairing the ringing of a bell with the presentation of meat,Pavlov trained dogs to salivate to the sound of a bell even when no meat was presented.In this experiment,the ringing of the bell was the _______.