Exam 4: Learning

Changes controlled by a genetic blueprint,such as an increase in height or the size of the brain,are examples of ___________.

Which of the following is a primary reinforcer?

Which of the following is an example of a primary reinforcer?

A child has been classically conditioned to fear a white rat.If the child also shows fear when shown a white rabbit,this is called ______.

Which learning theorist is responsible for the discovery of conditioned taste aversions?

Shaping is achieved through:

After graduating from college,you are hired to work in a factory as an industrial psychologist.The workers put together IPODs.They can either be paid by the hour or by the number of IPODs they put together in a day.You decide that you will do the latter (pay determined by the number of IPODs put together).According to Skinner,you have put the workers on a fixed-ratio schedule.

Elizabeth was given a $1000 raise after her last performance evaluation.Her raise is a:

Animals exposed to unavoidable,uncontrollable aversive stimulation exhibit _______ when later trained in an avoidance procedure.

The Law of Effect emphasized that responses were more likely to be made if they were followed by some pleasing consequence.

Current views of conditioning by psychologists,such as Rescorla,indicate that learning is completely automatic and has nothing to do with cognitive processes.

Al must build 25 radios before he receives $20.What schedule of reinforcement is being used?

Mom and Dad think it is real funny,and laugh when their 2-year-old,Bruce,says dirty words.When Bruce is sent home from kindergarten because of swearing,they don't understand why he cusses.Now when he cusses at home they ignore the cussing (they don't think it's cute anymore).Laughing in this example is:

In classical conditioning the stimulus that normally evokes an automatic response even without new learning is called the:

Which of the following is a secondary reinforcer?

Negative reinforcement is best thought of as:

During your very first visit to your campus,you probably needed a map to get around efficiently.However,a little while later you no longer needed the map,because _______ had occurred.

You decide that you are going to condition your dog to salivate to the sound of a bell.You sound the bell and then several minutes later you give the dog a biscuit.You do this several times but no conditioning seems to occur.This is probably because _________.

Which of the following is an example of punishment by removal?

Positive reinforcers: