Exam 16: Organizational Goals and Structures

The __________ type of bureaucracy emphasizes vertical specialization and control.

While __________ may clearly indicate who reports to whom,it is also important to recognize that they do not show how work is done,who exercises the most power over specific issues,or how the firm will respond to its environment.

__________ rely on a division of labor,hierarchical control,promotion by merit with career opportunities for employees,and administration by rule.

Executives,managers,and supervisors are hierarchically connected through the __________,which is a listing of who reports to whom up and down the firm.

__________ is a combination of the functional and divisional patterns wherein an individual is assigned to more than one type of unit.

__________ creates a hierarchy of authority-an arrangement of work positions in order of increasing authority.

__________ is the degree to which the authority to make decisions is restricted to higher levels of management.

In the United States,it is generally expected that the primary beneficiary of business firms is the __________.

Organizations that rely heavily on functional specialization may expect the following tendencies to emerge over time: an emphasis on quality from a technical standpoint,rigidity to change,and difficulty in coordinating the actions of different functional areas.

A __________ is a guideline for action that outlines important objectives and broadly indicates how an activity is to be performed.It allows for individual discretion and minor adjustments without direct clearance by a higher-level manager.

By selecting goals,firms also select who they are and what they will try to become.

External line units focus on transforming raw materials and information into products and services.

Output goals define the type of business an organization is in and provide additional substance to the more general aspects of mission statements.

__________ are work groups that conduct the major business of the organization.

__________ goals are the goals that define the type of business an organization is in.

The hierarchy of authority refers to an arrangement of work positions in order of increasing authority.

Organization charts are diagrams that depict the formal structures of organizations.

Policies,which are more specific,rigid,and impersonal than procedures,typically describe in detail how a task or a series of tasks is to be performed,or they indicate what cannot be done.

All of the following are disadvantages of a matrix structure EXCEPT:

Traditionally,the formal structure of the firm has also been called the __________.