Exam 4: Neural and Hormonal Systems

A slap on the back is more painful than a pat on the back because a slap triggers

The knee-jerk reflex is controlled by interneurons in the

Which hormone enables contractions associated with birthing and milk flow during nursing?

The hypothalamus influences the ________ to send messages to the ________.

The release of ________ to muscle cell receptors triggers muscle contractions.

The minimum level of stimulation required to trigger a neural impulse is called the

The part of the peripheral nervous system that controls the movement of your arms when you write is the

Neuron-produced chemicals that carry messages to other neurons or to muscles and glands are called

In a tragic diving accident,Andrew damaged his spinal cord.As a result,his legs were paralyzed.Andrew's injury was located in his

When Mr.Valdez thought his 1-year-old daughter had fallen down the stairs,his heartbeat accelerated,his blood pressure rose,and he began to perspire heavily.Mr.Valdez's state of arousal was activated by his ________ nervous system.

Aaron consistently exhibits a knee-jerk response without having any sensations of the taps on his knees.Aaron's experience is most indicative of

Biological psychology is best described as the scientific study of the links between

Excitatory signals to a neuron must exceed inhibitory signals by a minimum intensity in order to trigger

When the ________ nervous system is active,the pupils contract,heartbeat slows,digestion is stimulated,and the bladder contracts.

The pituitary does not send messages to the sex glands until it receives a signal from the

In transmitting sensory information to the brain,an electrical signal travels from the ________ of a single neuron.

The release of hormones by the adrenal glands is most likely to trigger

Before an action potential begins,the fluid outside an axon's membrane has ________ ions;the fluid inside has ________ ions.

Which division of the autonomic nervous system arouses the body and mobilizes its energy in stressful situations?

Gerald has experienced increasing difficulties with muscle weakness,motor coordination,and body balance,which his doctor has diagnosed as multiple sclerosis.These symptoms are most likely to be directly linked with the degeneration of