Exam 12: Decision Making and Organizational Learning

The garbage can model proposes all of the following except:

Cultures that are cautious and conservative and avoid risks are ________.

The Carnegie model of decision making assumes all of the following except:

A marketing manager championed expansion into Eastern Europe, but sales failed to materialize. Instead of recommending exiting from that market, he or she insisted that growth would occur. This is an example of which of the following cognitive biases?

A large retail store has a high level of organizational inertia. Managers and employees are highly resistant to change. Which of the following is most likely to encourage organizational learning and improve the quality of decision making?

The highest quality decisions emerge when managers use the rational model.

According to Kotter and Heshett, organizational learning is higher in ________ cultures.

At 3M product managers submit ideas to a committee that challenges the size of the market or the cost of manufacturing. This approach is called ________.

Organizational learning is the process that enables an organization to adapt to its environment.

Most organizations today only have the capacity to make programmed decisions.

Which of the following is not considered in the Carnegie model?

A ________ is a person who is responsible for critiquing ongoing organizational learning.

The rational model assumes that decision-makers have bounded rationality.

A customer of a custom furniture maker orders a large entertainment. After installation, the customer is not pleased because the color is slightly different than he was agreed to. The furniture maker will most likely make a:

In the ________ model, managers select actions slightly different from past actions.

A manager looking up a standard operating procedure or a rule in order to make a decision is using a nonprogrammed approach to decision making.

Sam is a manager of a fast-food restaurant that serves only hamburgers and french fries. He fails to realize changes in the environment, such as a trend toward health consciousness. He continues to limit his menu to greasy burgers and states that customers will return when the weather gets better. Which cognitive bias does Sam have?

After World War II, Sears thought consumers would spend, whereas Montgomery Ward thought consumers would save. This is an example of:

A manager at an automobile plant had two suppliers that delivered defective parts. He or she now thinks that all suppliers are unreliable. This is an example of which of the following cognitive biases?

A personalization approach to knowledge management is most suited to an organic organization.