Question 1

What causes calcium to be released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum?

Accepted Answer

A) Calcium is released when acetylcholine binds acetylcholine receptors. 
B) Calcium is released when an action potential travels down the motor neuron. 
C) Calcium is released when an action potential reaches the triad. 
D) Calcium is released when an action potential is generated at the neuromuscular junction. 
E) Calcium is released when myosin heads bind to actin. 
A) Calcium is released when acetylcholine binds acetylcholine receptors. 
B) Calcium is released when an action potential travels down the motor neuron. 
C) Calcium is released when an action potential reaches the triad. 
D) Calcium is released when an action potential is generated at the neuromuscular junction. 
E) Calcium is released when myosin heads bind to actin. C

Question 2

If potassium channels were blocked,the ________ phase of the action potential would not occur normally.

Accepted Answer

A) repolarization 
B) depolarization 
C) refractory 
D) threshold 
A) repolarization 
B) depolarization 
C) refractory 
D) threshold A

Question 3

Summarize the sliding filament theory.

Accepted Answer

A) It is the theory that sarcomeres lengthen during the sliding of the thin and thick filaments past each other. 
B) It is the theory that Z lines will move further from each other when the thin and thick filaments slide past each other. 
C) It is the process that causes an action potential to travel down the T tubules into the sarcolemma. 
D) It is the theory that excitation-contraction coupling leads to muscle fiber relaxation. 
E) It is the process of sarcomere shortening caused by the sliding of thin and thick filaments past another. 
A) It is the theory that sarcomeres lengthen during the sliding of the thin and thick filaments past each other. 
B) It is the theory that Z lines will move further from each other when the thin and thick filaments slide past each other. 
C) It is the process that causes an action potential to travel down the T tubules into the sarcolemma. 
D) It is the theory that excitation-contraction coupling leads to muscle fiber relaxation. 
E) It is the process of sarcomere shortening caused by the sliding of thin and thick filaments past another. E

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the term "Z line"?

Accepted Answer

A) protein that accounts for elasticity of resting muscle 
B) repeating unit of striated myofibrils 
C) storage site for calcium ions 
D) where thin filaments are anchored 
E) largely made of myosin molecules 
A) protein that accounts for elasticity of resting muscle 
B) repeating unit of striated myofibrils 
C) storage site for calcium ions 
D) where thin filaments are anchored 
E) largely made of myosin molecules

Question 5

How would the loss of acetylcholinesterase from the motor end plate affect skeletal muscle?

Accepted Answer

A) It would make the muscles less excitable. 
B) It would produce muscle weakness. 
C) It would cause spastic paralysis (muscles are contracted and unable to relax). 
D) It would cause flaccid paralysis (muscles are relaxed and unable to contract). 
E) It would have little effect on skeletal muscles. 
A) It would make the muscles less excitable. 
B) It would produce muscle weakness. 
C) It would cause spastic paralysis (muscles are contracted and unable to relax). 
D) It would cause flaccid paralysis (muscles are relaxed and unable to contract). 
E) It would have little effect on skeletal muscles.

Question 6

Which of the following is an ion that is more concentrated inside the cell than outside?

Accepted Answer

A) sodium 
B) chloride 
C) hydrogen 
D) calcium 
E) potassium 
A) sodium 
B) chloride 
C) hydrogen 
D) calcium 
E) potassium

Question 7

Describe the neuromuscular junction.

Accepted Answer

A) The neuromuscular junction is where the dendrites of a motor neuron interact with the skeletal muscle fiber midway along the fiber's length. 
B) The neuromuscular junction is where the cell body of a motor neuron interact with the skeletal muscle fiber at one end. 
C) The neuromuscular junction is where the axon terminals of a motor neuron interact with the skeletal muscle fiber midway along the fiber's length. 
D) The neuromuscular junction is where the dendrites of a sensory neuron receive inputs from a skeletal muscle fiber. 
E) The neuromuscular junction is where the axon terminals of a sensory neuron receive inputs from a skeletal muscle fiber. 
A) The neuromuscular junction is where the dendrites of a motor neuron interact with the skeletal muscle fiber midway along the fiber's length. 
B) The neuromuscular junction is where the cell body of a motor neuron interact with the skeletal muscle fiber at one end. 
C) The neuromuscular junction is where the axon terminals of a motor neuron interact with the skeletal muscle fiber midway along the fiber's length. 
D) The neuromuscular junction is where the dendrites of a sensory neuron receive inputs from a skeletal muscle fiber. 
E) The neuromuscular junction is where the axon terminals of a sensory neuron receive inputs from a skeletal muscle fiber.

Question 8

Which of the following hormones directly stimulates growth of muscle tissue,leading to increased muscle mass?

Accepted Answer

A) epinephrine 
B) thyroid hormone 
C) testosterone 
D) parathyroid hormone 
E) calcitonin 
A) epinephrine 
B) thyroid hormone 
C) testosterone 
D) parathyroid hormone 
E) calcitonin

Question 9

In an isotonic contraction,

Accepted Answer

A) muscle tension exceeds the load and the muscle lifts the load. 
B) tension rises and falls but the muscle length is constant. 
C) the peak tension is less than the load. 
D) many twitches fuse into one. 
E) flexion is produced. 
A) muscle tension exceeds the load and the muscle lifts the load. 
B) tension rises and falls but the muscle length is constant. 
C) the peak tension is less than the load. 
D) many twitches fuse into one. 
E) flexion is produced.

Question 10

The action potential is conducted into a skeletal muscle fiber by

Accepted Answer

A) motor end plates. 
B) neuromuscular junctions. 
C) transverse tubules. 
D) triads. 
E) sarcoplasmic reticulum. 
A) motor end plates. 
B) neuromuscular junctions. 
C) transverse tubules. 
D) triads. 
E) sarcoplasmic reticulum.

Question 11

Skeletal muscle fibers are formed from embryonic cells called

Accepted Answer

A) sarcomeres. 
B) myofibrils. 
C) myoblasts. 
D) fascicles. 
E) myomeres. 
A) sarcomeres. 
B) myofibrils. 
C) myoblasts. 
D) fascicles. 
E) myomeres.

Question 12

How would severing a tendon attached to a muscle affect movement of that limb?

Accepted Answer

Because tendons attach muscles

Question 13

Which muscle types are voluntary,and which are involuntary?

Accepted Answer

A) skeletal and smooth muscles are voluntary,and cardiac muscle is involuntary 
B) skeletal and cardiac muscles are voluntary,and smooth muscle is involuntary 
C) skeletal muscle is voluntary,and cardiac and smooth muscles are involuntary 
D) cardiac and smooth muscles are voluntary,and skeletal muscle is involuntary 
E) smooth muscle is voluntary,and cardiac and smooth muscles are involuntary 
A) skeletal and smooth muscles are voluntary,and cardiac muscle is involuntary 
B) skeletal and cardiac muscles are voluntary,and smooth muscle is involuntary 
C) skeletal muscle is voluntary,and cardiac and smooth muscles are involuntary 
D) cardiac and smooth muscles are voluntary,and skeletal muscle is involuntary 
E) smooth muscle is voluntary,and cardiac and smooth muscles are involuntary

Question 14

In which of the following would the motor units have the fewest muscle fibers?

Accepted Answer

A) muscles of the neck 
B) postural muscles of the back 
C) muscles that control the eyes 
D) thigh muscles 
E) calf muscles 
A) muscles of the neck 
B) postural muscles of the back 
C) muscles that control the eyes 
D) thigh muscles 
E) calf muscles

Question 15

Six weeks after Fred broke his leg,the cast is removed.As he steps down from the exam table,his leg gives way,and he falls.Propose a logical explanation.

Accepted Answer

While Fred's leg was immobilized,its mus

Question 16

Which of the following statements is/are not true regarding human muscles?

Accepted Answer

A) Most have both slow and fast fibers. 
B) Slow fibers are abundant in the calf muscles. 
C) Eye muscles are composed entirely of fast fibers. 
D) Slow fibers are abundant in the back muscles. 
E) Fast fibers are high in myoglobin. 
A) Most have both slow and fast fibers. 
B) Slow fibers are abundant in the calf muscles. 
C) Eye muscles are composed entirely of fast fibers. 
D) Slow fibers are abundant in the back muscles. 
E) Fast fibers are high in myoglobin.

Question 17

After heavy exercise,if energy reserves in a muscle are depleted,________ occurs.

Accepted Answer

A) an oxygen debt 
B) paralysis 
C) treppe 
D) tetanus 
E) atrophy 
A) an oxygen debt 
B) paralysis 
C) treppe 
D) tetanus 
E) atrophy

Question 18

What happens to the lactate produced by skeletal muscle during peak activity?

Accepted Answer

A) Most of the lactate is used by the skeletal muscle to remake creatine phosphate. 
B) Most of the lactate undergoes fermentation in the muscle to produce more ATP. 
C) Most of the lactate accumulates and causes cramps. 
D) Most of the lactate enters the electron transport chain to produce more ATP. 
E) Most of the lactate diffuses into the bloodstream and enters the liver where it is converted to pyruvate. 
A) Most of the lactate is used by the skeletal muscle to remake creatine phosphate. 
B) Most of the lactate undergoes fermentation in the muscle to produce more ATP. 
C) Most of the lactate accumulates and causes cramps. 
D) Most of the lactate enters the electron transport chain to produce more ATP. 
E) Most of the lactate diffuses into the bloodstream and enters the liver where it is converted to pyruvate.

Question 19

Describe the connective tissue layers associated with skeletal muscle tissue.

Accepted Answer

A) The epimysium surrounds individual muscle fibers; the perimysium divides the skeletal muscle into fascicles; the endomysium surrounds the entire muscle. 
B) The epimysium surrounds the entire muscle; the perimysium divides the skeletal muscle into fascicles; the endomysium surrounds individual muscle fibers. 
C) The epimysium divides the skeletal muscle into fascicles; the perimysium surrounds the entire muscle; the endomysium surrounds individual muscle fibers. 
D) The epimysium divides the skeletal muscle into fascicles; the perimysium surrounds individual muscle fibers; the endomysium surrounds the entire muscle. 
E) The epimysium surrounds the entire muscle; the perimysium surrounds individual muscle fibers; the endomysium divides the skeletal muscle into fascicles. 
A) The epimysium surrounds individual muscle fibers; the perimysium divides the skeletal muscle into fascicles; the endomysium surrounds the entire muscle. 
B) The epimysium surrounds the entire muscle; the perimysium divides the skeletal muscle into fascicles; the endomysium surrounds individual muscle fibers. 
C) The epimysium divides the skeletal muscle into fascicles; the perimysium surrounds the entire muscle; the endomysium surrounds individual muscle fibers. 
D) The epimysium divides the skeletal muscle into fascicles; the perimysium surrounds individual muscle fibers; the endomysium surrounds the entire muscle. 
E) The epimysium surrounds the entire muscle; the perimysium surrounds individual muscle fibers; the endomysium divides the skeletal muscle into fascicles.

Question 20

Figure 9-1
-Where would calcium ions be predominately found?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 4 
D) 8 
E) 9 
A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 4 
D) 8 
E) 9

Exam 9: Skeletal Muscle Tissue

What causes calcium to be released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum?

If potassium channels were blocked,the ________ phase of the action potential would not occur normally.

Summarize the sliding filament theory.

Which of the following best describes the term "Z line"?

How would the loss of acetylcholinesterase from the motor end plate affect skeletal muscle?

Which of the following is an ion that is more concentrated inside the cell than outside?

Describe the neuromuscular junction.

Which of the following hormones directly stimulates growth of muscle tissue,leading to increased muscle mass?

In an isotonic contraction,

The action potential is conducted into a skeletal muscle fiber by

Skeletal muscle fibers are formed from embryonic cells called

How would severing a tendon attached to a muscle affect movement of that limb?

Which muscle types are voluntary,and which are involuntary?

In which of the following would the motor units have the fewest muscle fibers?

Six weeks after Fred broke his leg,the cast is removed.As he steps down from the exam table,his leg gives way,and he falls.Propose a logical explanation.

Which of the following statements is/are not true regarding human muscles?

After heavy exercise,if energy reserves in a muscle are depleted,________ occurs.

What happens to the lactate produced by skeletal muscle during peak activity?

Describe the connective tissue layers associated with skeletal muscle tissue.

Figure 9-1 -Where would calcium ions be predominately found?

An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

Chemical Level of Organization

Cellular Level of Organization

Tissue Level of Organization

The Integumentary System

Bones and Bone Structure

The Skeleton

Joints

The Muscular System

Nervous Tissue

The Spinal Cord, spinal Nerves, and Spinal Reflexes

The Brain, cranial Nerves, and Sensory and Motor Pathways

The Autonomic Nervous System

The Special Senses

The Endocrine System

Blood

The Heart and Cardiovascular Function

Blood Vessels and Circulation

The Lymphatic System and Immunity

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Metabolism, nutrition, and Energetics

The Urinary System

Fluid,electrolyte,and Acid-Base Balance

The Reproductive System

Development and Inheritance

Filters