Question 1

Functions of astrocytes include all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A) maintaining the blood-brain barrier. 
B) conducting action potentials. 
C) absorbing excess neurotransmitter. 
D) responding to neural tissue damage. 
E) forming a three-dimensional framework for the CNS. 
A) maintaining the blood-brain barrier. 
B) conducting action potentials. 
C) absorbing excess neurotransmitter. 
D) responding to neural tissue damage. 
E) forming a three-dimensional framework for the CNS. B

Question 2

________ provide information about the external environment.

Accepted Answer

A) Proprioceptors 
B) Interoceptors 
C) Exteroceptors 
D) Somatic sensory receptors 
E) Interneurons 
A) Proprioceptors 
B) Interoceptors 
C) Exteroceptors 
D) Somatic sensory receptors 
E) Interneurons C

Question 3

________ neurons are small and have no anatomical features that distinguish dendrites from axons.

Accepted Answer

A) Multipolar 
B) Anaxonic 
C) Unipolar 
D) Bipolar 
E) Pseudopolar 
A) Multipolar 
B) Anaxonic 
C) Unipolar 
D) Bipolar 
E) Pseudopolar B

Question 4

The ion that triggers the release of acetylcholine into the synaptic cleft is

Accepted Answer

A) sodium. 
B) potassium. 
C) calcium. 
D) chloride. 
E) magnesium. 
A) sodium. 
B) potassium. 
C) calcium. 
D) chloride. 
E) magnesium.

Question 5

Name the structural components of a typical neuron.

Accepted Answer

A) cell body,cilia,and a basement membrane 
B) neurofilaments,neurofibrils,and axolemma 
C) neurilemma,neurofibrils,and dendrites 
D) cell body,axon,and dendrites 
E) cell body,flagellum,and synaptic cleft 
A) cell body,cilia,and a basement membrane 
B) neurofilaments,neurofibrils,and axolemma 
C) neurilemma,neurofibrils,and dendrites 
D) cell body,axon,and dendrites 
E) cell body,flagellum,and synaptic cleft

Question 6

Glial cells that surround the neurons in ganglia are

Accepted Answer

A) astrocytes. 
B) satellite cells. 
C) oligodendrocytes. 
D) microglia. 
E) ependymal cells. 
A) astrocytes. 
B) satellite cells. 
C) oligodendrocytes. 
D) microglia. 
E) ependymal cells.

Question 7

________ channels open or close in response to binding specific molecules.

Accepted Answer

A) Leak 
B) Activated 
C) Chemically gated 
D) Voltage-gated 
E) Mechanically-gated 
A) Leak 
B) Activated 
C) Chemically gated 
D) Voltage-gated 
E) Mechanically-gated

Question 8

Neurons that have several dendrites and a single axon are called

Accepted Answer

A) anaxonic. 
B) unipolar. 
C) bipolar. 
D) tripolar. 
E) multipolar. 
A) anaxonic. 
B) unipolar. 
C) bipolar. 
D) tripolar. 
E) multipolar.

Question 9

Figure 11-1
-Identify the structures labeled "5."

Accepted Answer

A) axons 
B) telodendria 
C) dendritic spines 
D) synaptic terminals 
E) axosomata 
A) axons 
B) telodendria 
C) dendritic spines 
D) synaptic terminals 
E) axosomata

Question 10

Which of the following is not involved in creating the resting potential of a neuron?

Accepted Answer

A) diffusion of potassium ions out of the cell 
B) diffusion of sodium ions into the cell 
C) Membrane permeability for sodium ions is greater than for potassium ions. 
D) Membrane permeability for potassium ions is greater than for sodium ions. 
E) The interior of the plasma membrane has an excess of negative charges. 
A) diffusion of potassium ions out of the cell 
B) diffusion of sodium ions into the cell 
C) Membrane permeability for sodium ions is greater than for potassium ions. 
D) Membrane permeability for potassium ions is greater than for sodium ions. 
E) The interior of the plasma membrane has an excess of negative charges.

Question 11

The largest and most numerous neuroglia in the CNS that absorb and recycle neurotransmitters are the

Accepted Answer

A) astrocytes. 
B) ependymocytes. 
C) microglia. 
D) oligodendrocytes. 
E) tanycytes. 
A) astrocytes. 
B) ependymocytes. 
C) microglia. 
D) oligodendrocytes. 
E) tanycytes.

Question 12

Identify the three types of gated ion channels,and state the conditions under which each operates.

Accepted Answer

Chemically gated ion channels operate wh

Question 13

Which division of the PNS brings information to the CNS?

Accepted Answer

A) sensory 
B) motor 
C) efferent 
D) parasympathetic 
E) enteric 
A) sensory 
B) motor 
C) efferent 
D) parasympathetic 
E) enteric

Question 14

Neurons that are rare,small,and lack features that distinguish dendrites from axons are called

Accepted Answer

A) anaxonic. 
B) unipolar. 
C) bipolar. 
D) tripolar. 
E) multipolar. 
A) anaxonic. 
B) unipolar. 
C) bipolar. 
D) tripolar. 
E) multipolar.

Question 15

Which of the following is not  contained in the axoplasm of the axon?

Accepted Answer

A) neurotubules 
B) mitochondria 
C) vesicles 
D) neurofibrils 
E) Nissl bodies 
A) neurotubules 
B) mitochondria 
C) vesicles 
D) neurofibrils 
E) Nissl bodies

Question 16

Describe the all-or-none principle.

Accepted Answer

A) All stimuli will generate an action potential or none will. 
B) All stimuli that bring the membrane to threshold will generate identical action potentials. 
C) Stimuli that bring the membrane to threshold will generate a larger or smaller action potential depending on the size of the stimuli. 
D) Stimuli that bring the membrane to threshold will generate a longer or shorter action potential depending on the timing of the stimuli. 
E) Stimuli that do not bring the membrane to threshold can still generate an action potential if the stimuli are strong enough. 
A) All stimuli will generate an action potential or none will. 
B) All stimuli that bring the membrane to threshold will generate identical action potentials. 
C) Stimuli that bring the membrane to threshold will generate a larger or smaller action potential depending on the size of the stimuli. 
D) Stimuli that bring the membrane to threshold will generate a longer or shorter action potential depending on the timing of the stimuli. 
E) Stimuli that do not bring the membrane to threshold can still generate an action potential if the stimuli are strong enough.

Question 17

Branches that may occur along an axon are called

Accepted Answer

A) dendrites. 
B) synaptic knobs. 
C) collateral branches. 
D) hillocks. 
E) synapses. 
A) dendrites. 
B) synaptic knobs. 
C) collateral branches. 
D) hillocks. 
E) synapses.

Question 18

The smallest neuroglia of the CNS that act as phagocytes are the

Accepted Answer

A) astrocytes. 
B) ependymocytes. 
C) microglia. 
D) oligodendrocytes. 
E) tanycytes. 
A) astrocytes. 
B) ependymocytes. 
C) microglia. 
D) oligodendrocytes. 
E) tanycytes.

Question 19

In a(n)________ neuron,the dendrites and axon are continuous or fused.

Accepted Answer

A) multipolar 
B) anaxonic 
C) unipolar 
D) bipolar 
E) pseudopolar 
A) multipolar 
B) anaxonic 
C) unipolar 
D) bipolar 
E) pseudopolar

Question 20

What effect would a chemical that blocks voltage-gated sodium ion channels in a neuron's plasma membrane have on its membrane potential?

Accepted Answer

A) The membrane potential would become more positive because more sodium ions would leave the cell. 
B) The membrane potential would become more negative because more sodium ions would leave the cell. 
C) The membrane potential would become more positive because more sodium ions would enter the cell. 
D) The membrane potential would become more negative because more sodium ions would enter the cell. 
E) The membrane potential would not change because sodium could not enter the cell. 
A) The membrane potential would become more positive because more sodium ions would leave the cell. 
B) The membrane potential would become more negative because more sodium ions would leave the cell. 
C) The membrane potential would become more positive because more sodium ions would enter the cell. 
D) The membrane potential would become more negative because more sodium ions would enter the cell. 
E) The membrane potential would not change because sodium could not enter the cell.

Exam 11: Nervous Tissue

Functions of astrocytes include all of the following except

________ provide information about the external environment.

________ neurons are small and have no anatomical features that distinguish dendrites from axons.

The ion that triggers the release of acetylcholine into the synaptic cleft is

Name the structural components of a typical neuron.

Glial cells that surround the neurons in ganglia are

________ channels open or close in response to binding specific molecules.

Neurons that have several dendrites and a single axon are called

Figure 11-1 -Identify the structures labeled "5."

Which of the following is not involved in creating the resting potential of a neuron?

The largest and most numerous neuroglia in the CNS that absorb and recycle neurotransmitters are the

Identify the three types of gated ion channels,and state the conditions under which each operates.

Which division of the PNS brings information to the CNS?

Neurons that are rare,small,and lack features that distinguish dendrites from axons are called

Which of the following is not contained in the axoplasm of the axon?

Describe the all-or-none principle.

Branches that may occur along an axon are called

The smallest neuroglia of the CNS that act as phagocytes are the

In a(n)________ neuron,the dendrites and axon are continuous or fused.

What effect would a chemical that blocks voltage-gated sodium ion channels in a neuron's plasma membrane have on its membrane potential?

An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

Chemical Level of Organization

Cellular Level of Organization

Tissue Level of Organization

The Integumentary System

Bones and Bone Structure

The Skeleton

Joints

Skeletal Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System

The Spinal Cord, spinal Nerves, and Spinal Reflexes

The Brain, cranial Nerves, and Sensory and Motor Pathways

The Autonomic Nervous System

The Special Senses

The Endocrine System

Blood

The Heart and Cardiovascular Function

Blood Vessels and Circulation

The Lymphatic System and Immunity

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Metabolism, nutrition, and Energetics

The Urinary System

Fluid,electrolyte,and Acid-Base Balance

The Reproductive System

Development and Inheritance

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