Question 1

Identify and describe the general functions of the exocrine glands found in the skin.

Accepted Answer

A) Sweat glands and salivary glands; the glands help with thermoregulation and dissolve particles on the skin. 
B) Mammary glands and salivary glands; the glands help with reducing bacterial colonization and dissolve particles on the skin. 
C) Sweat glands and sebaceous glands; the glands help with thermoregulation,excrete wastes,and lubricate hairs and the epidermis. 
D) Mucous glands and sebaceous glands; the glands help lubricate hairs and epidermis and provide waterproofing. 
E) Mucous glands and sweat glands; the glands excrete wastes and provide waterproofing. 
A) Sweat glands and salivary glands; the glands help with thermoregulation and dissolve particles on the skin. 
B) Mammary glands and salivary glands; the glands help with reducing bacterial colonization and dissolve particles on the skin. 
C) Sweat glands and sebaceous glands; the glands help with thermoregulation,excrete wastes,and lubricate hairs and the epidermis. 
D) Mucous glands and sebaceous glands; the glands help lubricate hairs and epidermis and provide waterproofing. 
E) Mucous glands and sweat glands; the glands excrete wastes and provide waterproofing. C

Question 2

Figure 5-1
-An intradermal injection is administered into which layer?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) below layer 5 
E) 5 
A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) below layer 5 
E) 5 C

Question 3

Vanessa's 80-year-old grandmother sets her thermostat at 26°C (80°F)and wears a sweater on balmy spring days.When asked why,the grandmother says she feels cold.What is a possible cause for her feeling cold?

Accepted Answer

Most elderly people have poor blood flow to the skin.Thus,their skin becomes cold.This triggers thermal receptors in the skin to signal cold skin.The brain interprets this as a cold body temperature.

Question 4

Perspiration is produced by ________ glands.

Accepted Answer

A) ceruminous 
B) apocrine sweat 
C) merocrine sweat 
D) sebaceous 
E) mammary 
A) ceruminous 
B) apocrine sweat 
C) merocrine sweat 
D) sebaceous 
E) mammary

Question 5

Wrinkles in elderly individuals are the result of

Accepted Answer

A) increased production of epidermis. 
B) loss of elastic filaments in the reticular layer of the dermis. 
C) increased keratinization of the epidermis. 
D) the loss of glands and hair follicles from the skin. 
E) decreased thickness of the dermis. 
A) increased production of epidermis. 
B) loss of elastic filaments in the reticular layer of the dermis. 
C) increased keratinization of the epidermis. 
D) the loss of glands and hair follicles from the skin. 
E) decreased thickness of the dermis.

Question 6

Name the type of cell that assists the discharge of merocrine secretions,and list the glands in which such cells are present.

Accepted Answer

A) arrector pili cell; apocrine and eccrine sweat glands 
B) arrector pili cell; apocrine and eccrine sweat glands,mammary glands,lacrimal glands,and salivary glands 
C) myoepithelial cell; apocrine and eccrine sweat glands 
D) myoepithelial cell; apocrine and eccrine sweat glands,mammary glands,lacrimal glands,and salivary glands 
E) goblet cell; apocrine and eccrine sweat glands 
A) arrector pili cell; apocrine and eccrine sweat glands 
B) arrector pili cell; apocrine and eccrine sweat glands,mammary glands,lacrimal glands,and salivary glands 
C) myoepithelial cell; apocrine and eccrine sweat glands 
D) myoepithelial cell; apocrine and eccrine sweat glands,mammary glands,lacrimal glands,and salivary glands 
E) goblet cell; apocrine and eccrine sweat glands

Question 7

Dandruff is caused by excessive shedding of cells from the outer layer of skin on the scalp.So,dandruff is composed of cells from which epidermal layer?

Accepted Answer

A) stratum basale 
B) stratum granulosum 
C) stratum lucidum 
D) stratum corneum 
E) stratum spinosum 
A) stratum basale 
B) stratum granulosum 
C) stratum lucidum 
D) stratum corneum 
E) stratum spinosum

Question 8

The ________ glands in the axilla become active at the time of puberty.

Accepted Answer

A) ceruminous 
B) apocrine sweat 
C) merocrine sweat 
D) sebaceous 
E) axillary 
A) ceruminous 
B) apocrine sweat 
C) merocrine sweat 
D) sebaceous 
E) axillary

Question 9

When the arrector pili muscles contract,

Accepted Answer

A) "goose bumps" are formed. 
B) hairs are shed. 
C) sweat is released from sweat glands. 
D) shivering occurs. 
E) the skin changes color. 
A) "goose bumps" are formed. 
B) hairs are shed. 
C) sweat is released from sweat glands. 
D) shivering occurs. 
E) the skin changes color.

Question 10

Why is basal cell carcinoma considered less dangerous than malignant melanoma?

Accepted Answer

A) Basal cell carcinoma affects the stratum basale only and will not spread to any other layer,whereas malignant melanoma affects the melanocytes which can be found throughout the epidermis. 
B) Basal cell carcinoma affect the cells of the stratum basale which cannot form tumors,whereas malignant melanoma affects the melanocytes which form cancerous tumors. 
C) Basal cell carcinoma only occurs in the elderly,whereas malignant melanoma occurs in children and young adults. 
D) Basal cell carcinoma only occurs on the face,whereas malignant melanoma can occur anywhere on the body. 
E) Basal cell carcinomas rarely become malignant and metastasize,whereas malignant melanoma cells quickly spread throughout the lymphatic system to other organs. 
A) Basal cell carcinoma affects the stratum basale only and will not spread to any other layer,whereas malignant melanoma affects the melanocytes which can be found throughout the epidermis. 
B) Basal cell carcinoma affect the cells of the stratum basale which cannot form tumors,whereas malignant melanoma affects the melanocytes which form cancerous tumors. 
C) Basal cell carcinoma only occurs in the elderly,whereas malignant melanoma occurs in children and young adults. 
D) Basal cell carcinoma only occurs on the face,whereas malignant melanoma can occur anywhere on the body. 
E) Basal cell carcinomas rarely become malignant and metastasize,whereas malignant melanoma cells quickly spread throughout the lymphatic system to other organs.

Question 11

Compare thin skin with thick skin.

Accepted Answer

A) Thin skin has only 1 layer and is found on lips,eyelids,and other delicate structures.Thick skin has hundreds of layers and is found all over the body except where thin skin is found. 
B) Thin skin has only 1 layer and contains only the epidermis.Thick skin has 2 layers made up of the epidermis and dermis. 
C) Thin skin has 4 layers and covers most of the body surfaces.Thick skin has 5 layers and covers the palms of the hands and soles of the feet. 
D) Thin skin has 4 layers and covers the palms of the hands and soles of the feet.Thick skin has 4 layers and covers most of the body surfaces. 
E) Thin skin contains the epidermis and dermis but not the subcutaneous layer.Thick skin contains the epidermis,dermis and subcutaneous layer. 
A) Thin skin has only 1 layer and is found on lips,eyelids,and other delicate structures.Thick skin has hundreds of layers and is found all over the body except where thin skin is found. 
B) Thin skin has only 1 layer and contains only the epidermis.Thick skin has 2 layers made up of the epidermis and dermis. 
C) Thin skin has 4 layers and covers most of the body surfaces.Thick skin has 5 layers and covers the palms of the hands and soles of the feet. 
D) Thin skin has 4 layers and covers the palms of the hands and soles of the feet.Thick skin has 4 layers and covers most of the body surfaces. 
E) Thin skin contains the epidermis and dermis but not the subcutaneous layer.Thick skin contains the epidermis,dermis and subcutaneous layer.

Question 12

Why does the free edge of a nail appear white?

Accepted Answer

A) The melanocytes are no longer living in the nail. 
B) The keratinocytes have been damaged as the nail grew out. 
C) There are no underlying blood vessels. 
D) The epidermis is dividing faster there than at the root. 
E) The nail is dryer and more brittle there than at the root. 
A) The melanocytes are no longer living in the nail. 
B) The keratinocytes have been damaged as the nail grew out. 
C) There are no underlying blood vessels. 
D) The epidermis is dividing faster there than at the root. 
E) The nail is dryer and more brittle there than at the root.

Question 13

A splinter that penetrates to the third layer of epidermis of the palm is lodged in which layer?

Accepted Answer

A) stratum basale 
B) stratum granulosum 
C) stratum lucidum 
D) stratum corneum 
E) stratum spinosum 
A) stratum basale 
B) stratum granulosum 
C) stratum lucidum 
D) stratum corneum 
E) stratum spinosum

Question 14

Describe granulation tissue.

Accepted Answer

A) Granulation tissue is newly formed epithelial tissue. 
B) Granulation tissue is a combination of blood clots,fibroblasts,and capillaries in healing tissue. 
C) Granulation tissue is all three layers of the integument forming,subcutaneous,dermis,and epidermis. 
D) Granulation tissue is a raised,thickened mass of scar tissue. 
E) Granulation tissue is thick,non-elastic tissue dominated by collagen fibers. 
A) Granulation tissue is newly formed epithelial tissue. 
B) Granulation tissue is a combination of blood clots,fibroblasts,and capillaries in healing tissue. 
C) Granulation tissue is all three layers of the integument forming,subcutaneous,dermis,and epidermis. 
D) Granulation tissue is a raised,thickened mass of scar tissue. 
E) Granulation tissue is thick,non-elastic tissue dominated by collagen fibers.

Question 15

Vitamin ________ is formed in the skin when it is exposed to sunlight.

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
E) E 
A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
E) E

Question 16

Milk is produced by ________ glands.

Accepted Answer

A) sebaceous 
B) mammary 
C) merocrine sweat 
D) ceruminous 
E) eccrine sweat 
A) sebaceous 
B) mammary 
C) merocrine sweat 
D) ceruminous 
E) eccrine sweat

Question 17

All of the following are derived from epithelial columns except

Accepted Answer

A) hair roots. 
B) hair follicles. 
C) nails. 
D) sebaceous glands. 
E) sweat glands. 
A) hair roots. 
B) hair follicles. 
C) nails. 
D) sebaceous glands. 
E) sweat glands.

Question 18

Which of the following is not an effect of ultraviolet radiation?

Accepted Answer

A) increased activity by melanocytes 
B) production of cholecalciferol within epidermal cells 
C) wrinkles 
D) chromosomal damage in basal cells or melanocytes 
E) hair growth 
A) increased activity by melanocytes 
B) production of cholecalciferol within epidermal cells 
C) wrinkles 
D) chromosomal damage in basal cells or melanocytes 
E) hair growth

Question 19

The effects of aging on the skin include

Accepted Answer

A) a decline in the activity of sebaceous glands. 
B) increased production of vitamin D. 
C) thickening of the epidermis. 
D) an increased blood supply to the dermis. 
E) an increased number of sweat glands. 
A) a decline in the activity of sebaceous glands. 
B) increased production of vitamin D. 
C) thickening of the epidermis. 
D) an increased blood supply to the dermis. 
E) an increased number of sweat glands.

Question 20

If the papilla of a hair follicle is destroyed,

Accepted Answer

A) the hair produced by the follicle will change from terminal to vellus. 
B) the color of the hair will become lighter. 
C) the texture of the hair will become coarser. 
D) the follicle will lose its blood supply. 
E) hair production will not be affected. 
A) the hair produced by the follicle will change from terminal to vellus. 
B) the color of the hair will become lighter. 
C) the texture of the hair will become coarser. 
D) the follicle will lose its blood supply. 
E) hair production will not be affected.

Exam 5: The Integumentary System

Identify and describe the general functions of the exocrine glands found in the skin.

Figure 5-1 -An intradermal injection is administered into which layer?

Vanessa's 80-year-old grandmother sets her thermostat at 26°C (80°F)and wears a sweater on balmy spring days.When asked why,the grandmother says she feels cold.What is a possible cause for her feeling cold?

Perspiration is produced by ________ glands.

Wrinkles in elderly individuals are the result of

Name the type of cell that assists the discharge of merocrine secretions,and list the glands in which such cells are present.

Dandruff is caused by excessive shedding of cells from the outer layer of skin on the scalp.So,dandruff is composed of cells from which epidermal layer?

The ________ glands in the axilla become active at the time of puberty.

When the arrector pili muscles contract,

Why is basal cell carcinoma considered less dangerous than malignant melanoma?

Compare thin skin with thick skin.

Why does the free edge of a nail appear white?

A splinter that penetrates to the third layer of epidermis of the palm is lodged in which layer?

Describe granulation tissue.

Vitamin ________ is formed in the skin when it is exposed to sunlight.

Milk is produced by ________ glands.

All of the following are derived from epithelial columns except

Which of the following is not an effect of ultraviolet radiation?

The effects of aging on the skin include

If the papilla of a hair follicle is destroyed,

An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

Chemical Level of Organization

Cellular Level of Organization

Tissue Level of Organization

Bones and Bone Structure

The Skeleton

Joints

Skeletal Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System

Nervous Tissue

The Spinal Cord, spinal Nerves, and Spinal Reflexes

The Brain, cranial Nerves, and Sensory and Motor Pathways

The Autonomic Nervous System

The Special Senses

The Endocrine System

Blood

The Heart and Cardiovascular Function

Blood Vessels and Circulation

The Lymphatic System and Immunity

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Metabolism, nutrition, and Energetics

The Urinary System

Fluid,electrolyte,and Acid-Base Balance

The Reproductive System

Development and Inheritance

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