Question 1

Explain the equation R α 1/r4.

Accepted Answer

A) Radius is equal to the 4th power of the resistance. 
B) Radius is inversely proportional to the 4th power of the resistance. 
C) Resistance is equal to the 4th power of the radius. 
D) Resistance is inversely proportional to the 4th power of the radius. 
E) Resistance is equal to the rate of blood flow to the 4th power. 
A) Radius is equal to the 4th power of the resistance. 
B) Radius is inversely proportional to the 4th power of the resistance. 
C) Resistance is equal to the 4th power of the radius. 
D) Resistance is inversely proportional to the 4th power of the radius. 
E) Resistance is equal to the rate of blood flow to the 4th power. D

Question 2

Where are chemoreceptors located?

Accepted Answer

A) They are primarily located in the skin and hypothalamus. 
B) They are located along the digestive tract,within the walls of the urinary bladder,in the carotid and aortic sinuses,and in the lungs. 
C) They are located within the medulla oblongata and the hypothalamus. 
D) They are located throughout the somatic and visceral systems of the body. 
E) They are located within the medulla oblongata and in the carotid and aortic bodies. 
A) They are primarily located in the skin and hypothalamus. 
B) They are located along the digestive tract,within the walls of the urinary bladder,in the carotid and aortic sinuses,and in the lungs. 
C) They are located within the medulla oblongata and the hypothalamus. 
D) They are located throughout the somatic and visceral systems of the body. 
E) They are located within the medulla oblongata and in the carotid and aortic bodies. E

Question 3

Trace a drop of blood through the lungs,beginning at the right ventricle and ending at the left atrium.

Accepted Answer

right ventricle - pulmonary trunk - right and left pulmonary arteries - pulmonary arterioles - alveoli - pulmonary venules - pulmonary veins - left atrium.

Question 4

The ductus venosus delivers blood to the

Accepted Answer

A) placenta. 
B) foramen ovalis. 
C) aorta. 
D) right atrium. 
E) inferior vena cava. 
A) placenta. 
B) foramen ovalis. 
C) aorta. 
D) right atrium. 
E) inferior vena cava.

Question 5

Define tissue perfusion.

Accepted Answer

A) Tissue perfusion is blood flow to tissues sufficient to deliver adequate oxygen and nutrients. 
B) Tissue perfusion is the control of blood flow to specific capillary beds. 
C) Tissue perfusion is the measure of blood pressure that reaches each individual organ. 
D) Tissue perfusion is a measure of the oxygen content in the blood reaching each tissue or organ. 
E) Tissue perfusion is the tissue's response to changes in blood pressure to maintain its blood flow. 
A) Tissue perfusion is blood flow to tissues sufficient to deliver adequate oxygen and nutrients. 
B) Tissue perfusion is the control of blood flow to specific capillary beds. 
C) Tissue perfusion is the measure of blood pressure that reaches each individual organ. 
D) Tissue perfusion is a measure of the oxygen content in the blood reaching each tissue or organ. 
E) Tissue perfusion is the tissue's response to changes in blood pressure to maintain its blood flow.

Question 6

The ________ vein is formed by the fusion of the greater saphenous vein,femoral vein,and deep femoral vein.

Accepted Answer

A) internal iliac 
B) external iliac 
C) common iliac 
D) inferior vena cava 
E) azygos 
A) internal iliac 
B) external iliac 
C) common iliac 
D) inferior vena cava 
E) azygos

Question 7

The congenital heart defect most often associated with Down syndrome is

Accepted Answer

A) ventricular septum defect. 
B) patent foramen ovale. 
C) tetralogy of Fallot. 
D) atrioventricular septal defect. 
E) transposition of the great vessels. 
A) ventricular septum defect. 
B) patent foramen ovale. 
C) tetralogy of Fallot. 
D) atrioventricular septal defect. 
E) transposition of the great vessels.

Question 8

Each of the following factors would increase peripheral resistance except

Accepted Answer

A) increased sympathetic stimulation. 
B) elevated levels of epinephrine. 
C) vasodilation. 
D) irregularities in the vessel walls caused by plaques. 
E) elevated hematocrit. 
A) increased sympathetic stimulation. 
B) elevated levels of epinephrine. 
C) vasodilation. 
D) irregularities in the vessel walls caused by plaques. 
E) elevated hematocrit.

Question 9

Distinguish among efferent vessels,afferent vessels,and exchange vessels.

Accepted Answer

A) Efferent vessels exchange nutrients,dissolved gases,and wastes between the blood and interstitial fluid,afferent vessels carry blood away from the heart,and exchange vessels carry blood to the heart. 
B) Efferent vessels exchange nutrients,dissolved gases,and wastes between the blood and interstitial fluid,afferent vessels carry blood to the heart,and exchange vessels carry blood away from the heart. 
C) Efferent vessels carry blood to the heart,afferent vessels carry blood away from the heart,and exchange vessels exchange nutrients,dissolved gases,and wastes between the blood and interstitial fluid. 
D) Efferent vessels carry blood away from the heart,afferent vessels carry blood to the heart,and exchange vessels exchange nutrients,dissolved gases,and wastes between the blood and interstitial fluid. 
E) Efferent vessels carry blood to the heart,afferent vessels exchange nutrients,dissolved gases,and wastes between the blood and interstitial fluid,and exchange vessels carry blood away from the heart. 
A) Efferent vessels exchange nutrients,dissolved gases,and wastes between the blood and interstitial fluid,afferent vessels carry blood away from the heart,and exchange vessels carry blood to the heart. 
B) Efferent vessels exchange nutrients,dissolved gases,and wastes between the blood and interstitial fluid,afferent vessels carry blood to the heart,and exchange vessels carry blood away from the heart. 
C) Efferent vessels carry blood to the heart,afferent vessels carry blood away from the heart,and exchange vessels exchange nutrients,dissolved gases,and wastes between the blood and interstitial fluid. 
D) Efferent vessels carry blood away from the heart,afferent vessels carry blood to the heart,and exchange vessels exchange nutrients,dissolved gases,and wastes between the blood and interstitial fluid. 
E) Efferent vessels carry blood to the heart,afferent vessels exchange nutrients,dissolved gases,and wastes between the blood and interstitial fluid,and exchange vessels carry blood away from the heart.

Question 10

The external iliac artery becomes the ________ artery as it enters the lower limbs.

Accepted Answer

A) radial 
B) femoral 
C) tibial 
D) popliteal 
E) deep femoral 
A) radial 
B) femoral 
C) tibial 
D) popliteal 
E) deep femoral

Question 11

________ are multiple arteries that fuse in order to serve a single capillary network.

Accepted Answer

A) Sinusoids 
B) Collaterals 
C) Anastomoses 
D) Thoroughfares 
E) Elastic arteries 
A) Sinusoids 
B) Collaterals 
C) Anastomoses 
D) Thoroughfares 
E) Elastic arteries

Question 12

In comparing a trained athlete to a non-athlete,which of these comparisons is false?

Accepted Answer

A) The athlete has a lower resting heart rate. 
B) Both hearts weigh about the same. 
C) The athlete has a higher resting stroke volume. 
D) The athlete has a higher exercise stroke volume. 
E) The athlete has a higher exercise cardiac output. 
A) The athlete has a lower resting heart rate. 
B) Both hearts weigh about the same. 
C) The athlete has a higher resting stroke volume. 
D) The athlete has a higher exercise stroke volume. 
E) The athlete has a higher exercise cardiac output.

Question 13

Venoconstriction reduces the diameter of which vessel?

Accepted Answer

A) artery 
B) arteriole 
C) capillary 
D) venule 
E) vein 
A) artery 
B) arteriole 
C) capillary 
D) venule 
E) vein

Question 14

The ________ is the kidney's sole blood supply.

Accepted Answer

A) adrenal artery 
B) renal artery 
C) superior mesenteric artery 
D) celiac artery 
E) common iliac artery 
A) adrenal artery 
B) renal artery 
C) superior mesenteric artery 
D) celiac artery 
E) common iliac artery

Question 15

Identify the two types of capillaries with a complete endothelium.

Accepted Answer

A) continuous capillaries and fenestrated capillaries 
B) fenestrated capillaries and sinusoidal capillaries 
C) continuous capillaries and sinusoidal capillaries 
D) fenestrated capillaries and lacteals 
E) sinusoidal capillaries and collaterals 
A) continuous capillaries and fenestrated capillaries 
B) fenestrated capillaries and sinusoidal capillaries 
C) continuous capillaries and sinusoidal capillaries 
D) fenestrated capillaries and lacteals 
E) sinusoidal capillaries and collaterals

Question 16

Compare a ventricular septal defect with tetralogy of Fallot.

Accepted Answer

Ventricular septal defects are abnormal

Question 17

After entering the arm,the axillary artery becomes the ________ artery.

Accepted Answer

A) radial 
B) ulnar 
C) brachial 
D) subclavian 
E) digital 
A) radial 
B) ulnar 
C) brachial 
D) subclavian 
E) digital

Question 18

Blood pressure is lowest in the

Accepted Answer

A) arteries. 
B) arterioles. 
C) capillaries. 
D) venules. 
E) veins. 
A) arteries. 
B) arterioles. 
C) capillaries. 
D) venules. 
E) veins.

Question 19

Blood flow to a tissue will increase if the

Accepted Answer

A) level of oxygen at the tissue increases. 
B) level of carbon dioxide at the tissue decreases. 
C) veins constrict. 
D) arterioles dilate. 
E) All of the answers are correct. 
A) level of oxygen at the tissue increases. 
B) level of carbon dioxide at the tissue decreases. 
C) veins constrict. 
D) arterioles dilate. 
E) All of the answers are correct.

Question 20

Pulmonary arteries carry blood to the

Accepted Answer

A) right atrium. 
B) left atrium. 
C) lungs. 
D) aorta. 
E) systemic circuit. 
A) right atrium. 
B) left atrium. 
C) lungs. 
D) aorta. 
E) systemic circuit.

Exam 19: Blood Vessels and Circulation

Explain the equation R α 1/r4.

Where are chemoreceptors located?

Trace a drop of blood through the lungs,beginning at the right ventricle and ending at the left atrium.

The ductus venosus delivers blood to the

Define tissue perfusion.

The ________ vein is formed by the fusion of the greater saphenous vein,femoral vein,and deep femoral vein.

The congenital heart defect most often associated with Down syndrome is

Each of the following factors would increase peripheral resistance except

Distinguish among efferent vessels,afferent vessels,and exchange vessels.

The external iliac artery becomes the ________ artery as it enters the lower limbs.

________ are multiple arteries that fuse in order to serve a single capillary network.

In comparing a trained athlete to a non-athlete,which of these comparisons is false?

Venoconstriction reduces the diameter of which vessel?

The ________ is the kidney's sole blood supply.

Identify the two types of capillaries with a complete endothelium.

Compare a ventricular septal defect with tetralogy of Fallot.

After entering the arm,the axillary artery becomes the ________ artery.

Blood pressure is lowest in the

Blood flow to a tissue will increase if the

Pulmonary arteries carry blood to the

An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

Chemical Level of Organization

Cellular Level of Organization

Tissue Level of Organization

The Integumentary System

Bones and Bone Structure

The Skeleton

Joints

Skeletal Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System

Nervous Tissue

The Spinal Cord, spinal Nerves, and Spinal Reflexes

The Brain, cranial Nerves, and Sensory and Motor Pathways

The Autonomic Nervous System

The Special Senses

The Endocrine System

Blood

The Heart and Cardiovascular Function

The Lymphatic System and Immunity

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Metabolism, nutrition, and Energetics

The Urinary System

Fluid,electrolyte,and Acid-Base Balance

The Reproductive System

Development and Inheritance

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