Question 1

-Which letter on the graph indicates the free energy of the reactants?

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) B 
C) D 
D) E 
A) A 
B) B 
C) D 
D) E

Question 2

Which of the following is a closed system?

Accepted Answer

A) a single-celled organism 
B) a human 
C) a gas-powered automobile 
D) the Earth 
A) a single-celled organism 
B) a human 
C) a gas-powered automobile 
D) the Earth

Question 3

All true enzymes are proteins.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Explain three ways in which other molecules regulate enzymes.

Accepted Answer

Enzymes can be inhibited by products of

Question 5

Match each definition with the corresponding term.
-metabolic pathway

Accepted Answer

A) primary coupling agent in cellular reactions 
B) addition of a phosphate group to a target molecule 
C) product of the reaction interacts with an enzyme in a noncompetitive way to inhibit or enhance enzyme activity 
D) linking of an exergonic reaction with an endergonic reaction that allows a cell to drive a nonspontaneous reaction to completion 
E) series of chemical reactions where the products of one reaction are the reactants for a subsequent reaction
F)substance that facilitates a chemical reaction without itself being consumed by the reaction
G)energy needed to start a reaction, be it endergonic or exergonic
H)portion of the enzyme that binds to a reactant or reactants
I)state in which the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction
J)intermediate arrangement of unstable bonds between atoms that can proceed toward either the reactants or the products of a reaction
K)reactant molecule that binds to an enzyme 
A) primary coupling agent in cellular reactions 
B) addition of a phosphate group to a target molecule 
C) product of the reaction interacts with an enzyme in a noncompetitive way to inhibit or enhance enzyme activity 
D) linking of an exergonic reaction with an endergonic reaction that allows a cell to drive a nonspontaneous reaction to completion 
E) series of chemical reactions where the products of one reaction are the reactants for a subsequent reaction
F)substance that facilitates a chemical reaction without itself being consumed by the reaction
G)energy needed to start a reaction, be it endergonic or exergonic
H)portion of the enzyme that binds to a reactant or reactants
I)state in which the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction
J)intermediate arrangement of unstable bonds between atoms that can proceed toward either the reactants or the products of a reaction
K)reactant molecule that binds to an enzyme

Question 6

-In the diagram, suppose the enzyme catalyzing the intermediate B to intermediate C reaction is inhibited. Which compound is most likely to accumulate?

Accepted Answer

A) intermediate A 
B) intermediate B 
C) intermediate C 
D) intermediate D 
A) intermediate A 
B) intermediate B 
C) intermediate C 
D) intermediate D

Question 7

Which of the following describes a main mechanism of enzymes?

Accepted Answer

A) removing reactants from a solution in a set ratio that enhances the chances of the remaining individual reactants interacting with each other 
B) forcing the reactants into an altered environment, which in turn creates a change in the free energy of the reactants relative to the products 
C) increasing the probability that the reactants will come into close proximity to each other in the proper orientation for forming the transition state molecule 
D) altering the equilibrium point of a particular reaction to favour the formation of products 
A) removing reactants from a solution in a set ratio that enhances the chances of the remaining individual reactants interacting with each other 
B) forcing the reactants into an altered environment, which in turn creates a change in the free energy of the reactants relative to the products 
C) increasing the probability that the reactants will come into close proximity to each other in the proper orientation for forming the transition state molecule 
D) altering the equilibrium point of a particular reaction to favour the formation of products

Question 8

-According to the graph, what is the optimal pH for enzyme 2?

Accepted Answer

A) 6 
B) 7 
C) 8 
D) 9 
A) 6 
B) 7 
C) 8 
D) 9

Question 9

Which of the following occurs when there are more reactants than products for a reaction?

Accepted Answer

A) The reaction is pushed toward the reactants by the low concentration of products. 
B) The reaction is pulled toward generating more reactants. 
C) The greater concentration of reactants pushes the reaction forward, toward generating more products. 
D) The reaction is pulled in the forward direction by the high concentration of products. 
A) The reaction is pushed toward the reactants by the low concentration of products. 
B) The reaction is pulled toward generating more reactants. 
C) The greater concentration of reactants pushes the reaction forward, toward generating more products. 
D) The reaction is pulled in the forward direction by the high concentration of products.

Question 10

For each situation, choose the most appropriate term.
-a dead cell

Accepted Answer

A) endergonic 
B) exergonic 
C) equilibrium 
A) endergonic 
B) exergonic 
C) equilibrium

Question 11

Match each definition with the corresponding term.
-equilibrium point

Accepted Answer

A) primary coupling agent in cellular reactions 
B) addition of a phosphate group to a target molecule 
C) product of the reaction interacts with an enzyme in a noncompetitive way to inhibit or enhance enzyme activity 
D) linking of an exergonic reaction with an endergonic reaction that allows a cell to drive a nonspontaneous reaction to completion 
E) series of chemical reactions where the products of one reaction are the reactants for a subsequent reaction
F)substance that facilitates a chemical reaction without itself being consumed by the reaction
G)energy needed to start a reaction, be it endergonic or exergonic
H)portion of the enzyme that binds to a reactant or reactants
I)state in which the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction
J)intermediate arrangement of unstable bonds between atoms that can proceed toward either the reactants or the products of a reaction
K)reactant molecule that binds to an enzyme 
A) primary coupling agent in cellular reactions 
B) addition of a phosphate group to a target molecule 
C) product of the reaction interacts with an enzyme in a noncompetitive way to inhibit or enhance enzyme activity 
D) linking of an exergonic reaction with an endergonic reaction that allows a cell to drive a nonspontaneous reaction to completion 
E) series of chemical reactions where the products of one reaction are the reactants for a subsequent reaction
F)substance that facilitates a chemical reaction without itself being consumed by the reaction
G)energy needed to start a reaction, be it endergonic or exergonic
H)portion of the enzyme that binds to a reactant or reactants
I)state in which the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction
J)intermediate arrangement of unstable bonds between atoms that can proceed toward either the reactants or the products of a reaction
K)reactant molecule that binds to an enzyme

Question 12

What types of energy are utilized by a child swinging on a swing?

Accepted Answer

A) chemical energy only, because it is the child's metabolism that powers the muscles that make the swing move 
B) kinetic, potential, and chemical energy: the child powers the swing with chemical energy in the muscle cells, and the swing moves like a pendulum with changing ratios of kinetic and potential energy 
C) kinetic and potential energy only, but in constantly changing ratios: when changing direction, the energy is pure potential energy, but at the bottom of the arc, the energy is pure kinetic energy 
D) kinetic energy only, because the child is in constant motion 
A) chemical energy only, because it is the child's metabolism that powers the muscles that make the swing move 
B) kinetic, potential, and chemical energy: the child powers the swing with chemical energy in the muscle cells, and the swing moves like a pendulum with changing ratios of kinetic and potential energy 
C) kinetic and potential energy only, but in constantly changing ratios: when changing direction, the energy is pure potential energy, but at the bottom of the arc, the energy is pure kinetic energy 
D) kinetic energy only, because the child is in constant motion

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of a closed system?

Accepted Answer

A) one that exchanges matter or energy with its surroundings 
B) one that does not exchange matter or energy with its surroundings 
C) one that exchanges only matter with its surroundings 
D) one that exchanges only energy with its surroundings 
A) one that exchanges matter or energy with its surroundings 
B) one that does not exchange matter or energy with its surroundings 
C) one that exchanges only matter with its surroundings 
D) one that exchanges only energy with its surroundings

Question 14

For each situation, choose the most appropriate term.
-a reaction where ?G = 0

Accepted Answer

A) endergonic 
B) exergonic 
C) equilibrium 
A) endergonic 
B) exergonic 
C) equilibrium

Question 15

Enzymes alter the equilibrium point of a reaction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

-Which letter on the graph indicates the free energy of the products?

Accepted Answer

A) B 
B) C 
C) D 
D) E 
A) B 
B) C 
C) D 
D) E

Question 17

Match each definition with the corresponding term.
-active site

Accepted Answer

A) primary coupling agent in cellular reactions 
B) addition of a phosphate group to a target molecule 
C) product of the reaction interacts with an enzyme in a noncompetitive way to inhibit or enhance enzyme activity 
D) linking of an exergonic reaction with an endergonic reaction that allows a cell to drive a nonspontaneous reaction to completion 
E) series of chemical reactions where the products of one reaction are the reactants for a subsequent reaction
F)substance that facilitates a chemical reaction without itself being consumed by the reaction
G)energy needed to start a reaction, be it endergonic or exergonic
H)portion of the enzyme that binds to a reactant or reactants
I)state in which the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction
J)intermediate arrangement of unstable bonds between atoms that can proceed toward either the reactants or the products of a reaction
K)reactant molecule that binds to an enzyme 
A) primary coupling agent in cellular reactions 
B) addition of a phosphate group to a target molecule 
C) product of the reaction interacts with an enzyme in a noncompetitive way to inhibit or enhance enzyme activity 
D) linking of an exergonic reaction with an endergonic reaction that allows a cell to drive a nonspontaneous reaction to completion 
E) series of chemical reactions where the products of one reaction are the reactants for a subsequent reaction
F)substance that facilitates a chemical reaction without itself being consumed by the reaction
G)energy needed to start a reaction, be it endergonic or exergonic
H)portion of the enzyme that binds to a reactant or reactants
I)state in which the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction
J)intermediate arrangement of unstable bonds between atoms that can proceed toward either the reactants or the products of a reaction
K)reactant molecule that binds to an enzyme

Question 18

AMP is the primary energy and phosphate source in coupled reactions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a form of energy?

Accepted Answer

A) heat 
B) diffusion 
C) light 
D) sound 
A) heat 
B) diffusion 
C) light 
D) sound

Question 20

-According to the graph, what is the optimal pH for enzyme 1?

Accepted Answer

A) 2 
B) 3 
C) 4 
D) 5 
A) 2 
B) 3 
C) 4 
D) 5

Exam 4: Energy and Enzymes

-Which letter on the graph indicates the free energy of the reactants?

Which of the following is a closed system?

All true enzymes are proteins.

Explain three ways in which other molecules regulate enzymes.

Match each definition with the corresponding term. -metabolic pathway

-In the diagram, suppose the enzyme catalyzing the intermediate B to intermediate C reaction is inhibited. Which compound is most likely to accumulate?

Which of the following describes a main mechanism of enzymes?

-According to the graph, what is the optimal pH for enzyme 2?

Which of the following occurs when there are more reactants than products for a reaction?

For each situation, choose the most appropriate term. -a dead cell

Match each definition with the corresponding term. -equilibrium point

What types of energy are utilized by a child swinging on a swing?

Which of the following is an example of a closed system?

For each situation, choose the most appropriate term. -a reaction where ?G = 0

Enzymes alter the equilibrium point of a reaction.

-Which letter on the graph indicates the free energy of the products?

Match each definition with the corresponding term. -active site

AMP is the primary energy and phosphate source in coupled reactions.

Which of the following is NOT a form of energy?

-According to the graph, what is the optimal pH for enzyme 1?

Light and Life

The Cell: an Overview

Defining Life and Its Origins

Cell Membranes and Signalling

Cellular Respiration

Photosynthesis

Cell Cycles

Genetic Recombination

Mendel, Genes, and Inheritance

Genes, Chromosomes, and Human Genetics

Dna Structure, Replication, and Organization

Gene Structure and Expression

Control of Gene Expression

Dna Technologies

Genomes and Proteomes

Evolution: the Development of the Theory

Microevolution: Changes Within Populations

Species and Macroevolution

Understanding the History of Life on Earth

Humans and Evolution

Bacteria and Archaea

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions: Infectious Biological Particles

Protists

Fungi

Plants

Diversity of Animals 1: Sponges, Radiata, Platyhelminthes, and Protostomes

Diversity of Animals 2: Deuterostomes: Vertebrates and Their Closest Relatives

Population Ecology

Population Interactions and Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Conservation of Biodiversity

Putting Selection to Work

Organization of the Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Reproduction and Development in Flowering Plants

Plant Nutrition

Plant Signals and Responses to the Environment

Introduction to Animal Organization and Physiology

Transport in Animals: the Circulatory System

Reproduction in Animals

Animal Development

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Control

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Control

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Integration

Muscles, Skeletons, and Body Movements

Animal Behaviour

Animal Nutrition

Gas Exchange: the Respiratory System

Regulating the Internal Environment

Defences Against Disease

Conservation and Evolutionary Physiology

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