Question 1

Match each of the following terms with its correct definition.
-transcriptomics

Accepted Answer

A) all proteins that can be produced by a cell 
B) all transcripts that are produced by a cell 
C) the study of all of the proteins produced from an organism's genome 
D) the study of genome sequences for several organisms 
E) the study of the whole genome of an organism
F)the use of computer programs to extract biological information from sequence data
G)the study of all transcripts produced from an organism's genome 
A) all proteins that can be produced by a cell 
B) all transcripts that are produced by a cell 
C) the study of all of the proteins produced from an organism's genome 
D) the study of genome sequences for several organisms 
E) the study of the whole genome of an organism
F)the use of computer programs to extract biological information from sequence data
G)the study of all transcripts produced from an organism's genome G

Question 2

In the whole-genome shotgun method, the genome is fragmented and individual fragments are sequenced. How do we determine the order of the nucleotides in the intact chromosome?

Accepted Answer

A) The fragmentation is done in a very systematic way such that the physical arrangement of fragments is readily apparent. 
B) The sequences of the ends of the fragments overlap with the ends of other fragments. 
C) We supplement our information with data from a different technique to determine the final chromosome arrangement. 
D) DNA hybridization assays are conducted to determine the physical arrangement of the genes on the chromosome. 
A) The fragmentation is done in a very systematic way such that the physical arrangement of fragments is readily apparent. 
B) The sequences of the ends of the fragments overlap with the ends of other fragments. 
C) We supplement our information with data from a different technique to determine the final chromosome arrangement. 
D) DNA hybridization assays are conducted to determine the physical arrangement of the genes on the chromosome. B

Question 3

For each of the following statements, choose the most appropriate macromolecule being studied or manipulated from the list below.
-Sanger method

Accepted Answer

A) DNA 
B) mRNA/cDNA 
C) protein 
A) DNA 
B) mRNA/cDNA 
C) protein A

Question 4

In the microarray shown in your textbook, the cDNAs were labelled with red and green fluorescent tags. How then do you end up with spots on the microarray emitting yellow light?

Accepted Answer

A) In light, red and green are two of the primary colours, and the combination of the two will produce yellow light. 
B) The yellow light comes from the laser, and a yellow spot indicates that neither cDNA hybridized to that spot on the microarray. 
C) The over expression of one cDNA relative to the other will skew the colour pattern of the spot on the microarray. This results in the yellow colour. 
D) The colour choice was an arbitrary decision by the artist and doesn't reflect how the process actually works. 
A) In light, red and green are two of the primary colours, and the combination of the two will produce yellow light. 
B) The yellow light comes from the laser, and a yellow spot indicates that neither cDNA hybridized to that spot on the microarray. 
C) The over expression of one cDNA relative to the other will skew the colour pattern of the spot on the microarray. This results in the yellow colour. 
D) The colour choice was an arbitrary decision by the artist and doesn't reflect how the process actually works.

Question 5

Match each of the following terms with its correct definition.
-proteome

Accepted Answer

A) all proteins that can be produced by a cell 
B) all transcripts that are produced by a cell 
C) the study of all of the proteins produced from an organism's genome 
D) the study of genome sequences for several organisms 
E) the study of the whole genome of an organism
F)the use of computer programs to extract biological information from sequence data
G)the study of all transcripts produced from an organism's genome 
A) all proteins that can be produced by a cell 
B) all transcripts that are produced by a cell 
C) the study of all of the proteins produced from an organism's genome 
D) the study of genome sequences for several organisms 
E) the study of the whole genome of an organism
F)the use of computer programs to extract biological information from sequence data
G)the study of all transcripts produced from an organism's genome

Question 6

Which of the following shows the approximate size of the human genome?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 billion base pairs 
B) 3 billion base pairs 
C) 7 billion base pairs 
D) 10 billion base pairs 
A) 1 billion base pairs 
B) 3 billion base pairs 
C) 7 billion base pairs 
D) 10 billion base pairs

Question 7

Which of the following best describes pseudogenes?

Accepted Answer

A) Most pseudogenes derived from protein-coding genes but are not recognized by their sequence similarities to functional genes. 
B) Pseudogenes are short repetitive sequences. 
C) Pseudogenes are not similar to functional genes at DNA sequence level. 
D) Most pseudogenes are derived from protein-coding genes and are recognized by their sequence similarities to functional genes. 
A) Most pseudogenes derived from protein-coding genes but are not recognized by their sequence similarities to functional genes. 
B) Pseudogenes are short repetitive sequences. 
C) Pseudogenes are not similar to functional genes at DNA sequence level. 
D) Most pseudogenes are derived from protein-coding genes and are recognized by their sequence similarities to functional genes.

Question 8

For each of the following statements, choose the most appropriate macromolecule being studied or manipulated from the list below.
-proteomics

Accepted Answer

A) DNA 
B) mRNA/cDNA 
C) protein 
A) DNA 
B) mRNA/cDNA 
C) protein

Question 9

For each of the following statements, choose the most appropriate macromolecule being studied or manipulated from the list below.
-shotgun sequencing

Accepted Answer

A) DNA 
B) mRNA/cDNA 
C) protein 
A) DNA 
B) mRNA/cDNA 
C) protein

Question 10

Match the following techniques with the descriptions listed below.
-used to compare the gene expression patterns of identical cells under different conditions

Accepted Answer

A) whole-genome shotgun sequencing 
B) Illumina/Solexa sequencing 
C) Sanger sequencing 
D) DNA microarray analysis 
E) gene knockout
F)gene knockdown 
A) whole-genome shotgun sequencing 
B) Illumina/Solexa sequencing 
C) Sanger sequencing 
D) DNA microarray analysis 
E) gene knockout
F)gene knockdown

Question 11

List at least three differences in how the E. coli and human genomes are arranged.

Accepted Answer

The E. coli genome consists of one circu

Question 12

Which of the following organisms has the largest number of protein-coding genes?

Accepted Answer

A) E. coli (bacteria) 
B) Saccharomyces cerevisiae (yeast) 
C) Homo sapiens (human) 
D) Oryza sativa (rice) 
A) E. coli (bacteria) 
B) Saccharomyces cerevisiae (yeast) 
C) Homo sapiens (human) 
D) Oryza sativa (rice)

Question 13

Match the following techniques with the descriptions listed below.
-used to determine DNA sequence using dideoxynucleotides

Accepted Answer

A) whole-genome shotgun sequencing 
B) Illumina/Solexa sequencing 
C) Sanger sequencing 
D) DNA microarray analysis 
E) gene knockout
F)gene knockdown 
A) whole-genome shotgun sequencing 
B) Illumina/Solexa sequencing 
C) Sanger sequencing 
D) DNA microarray analysis 
E) gene knockout
F)gene knockdown

Question 14

Match the following techniques with the descriptions listed below.
-used to determine the entire genome sequence of an organism by sequencing DNA fragments and then assembling them using computer software

Accepted Answer

A) whole-genome shotgun sequencing 
B) Illumina/Solexa sequencing 
C) Sanger sequencing 
D) DNA microarray analysis 
E) gene knockout
F)gene knockdown 
A) whole-genome shotgun sequencing 
B) Illumina/Solexa sequencing 
C) Sanger sequencing 
D) DNA microarray analysis 
E) gene knockout
F)gene knockdown

Question 15

Which of the following are NOT identified during annotation?

Accepted Answer

A) protein-coding genes 
B) noncoding RNA genes 
C) origins of replication 
D) protein interactions 
A) protein-coding genes 
B) noncoding RNA genes 
C) origins of replication 
D) protein interactions

Question 16

Which of the following is the name of the study of the complete set of transcripts in a cell?

Accepted Answer

A) genome 
B) transcriptome 
C) proteome 
D) interactome 
A) genome 
B) transcriptome 
C) proteome 
D) interactome

Question 17

For each of the following statements, choose the most appropriate macromolecule being studied or manipulated from the list below.
-cellular proteomics

Accepted Answer

A) DNA 
B) mRNA/cDNA 
C) protein 
A) DNA 
B) mRNA/cDNA 
C) protein

Question 18

Where do multigene families come from?

Accepted Answer

A) They come from a single gene duplication event. 
B) They come from repeated cycles of gene duplication, followed by mutation. 
C) They come from single point mutations. 
D) They come from exon shuffling. 
A) They come from a single gene duplication event. 
B) They come from repeated cycles of gene duplication, followed by mutation. 
C) They come from single point mutations. 
D) They come from exon shuffling.

Question 19

Match the following techniques with the descriptions listed below.
-used to decrease a gene's expression to see the effect

Accepted Answer

A) whole-genome shotgun sequencing 
B) Illumina/Solexa sequencing 
C) Sanger sequencing 
D) DNA microarray analysis 
E) gene knockout
F)gene knockdown 
A) whole-genome shotgun sequencing 
B) Illumina/Solexa sequencing 
C) Sanger sequencing 
D) DNA microarray analysis 
E) gene knockout
F)gene knockdown

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT considered a source of evolving genes?

Accepted Answer

A) a gene duplication from unequal crossing-over 
B) a gene duplication from replicating transposable elements 
C) a gene duplication from crossing-over 
D) an exon shuffling 
A) a gene duplication from unequal crossing-over 
B) a gene duplication from replicating transposable elements 
C) a gene duplication from crossing-over 
D) an exon shuffling

Exam 16: Genomes and Proteomes

Match each of the following terms with its correct definition. -transcriptomics

In the whole-genome shotgun method, the genome is fragmented and individual fragments are sequenced. How do we determine the order of the nucleotides in the intact chromosome?

For each of the following statements, choose the most appropriate macromolecule being studied or manipulated from the list below. -Sanger method

In the microarray shown in your textbook, the cDNAs were labelled with red and green fluorescent tags. How then do you end up with spots on the microarray emitting yellow light?

Match each of the following terms with its correct definition. -proteome

Which of the following shows the approximate size of the human genome?

Which of the following best describes pseudogenes?

For each of the following statements, choose the most appropriate macromolecule being studied or manipulated from the list below. -proteomics

For each of the following statements, choose the most appropriate macromolecule being studied or manipulated from the list below. -shotgun sequencing

Match the following techniques with the descriptions listed below. -used to compare the gene expression patterns of identical cells under different conditions

List at least three differences in how the E. coli and human genomes are arranged.

Which of the following organisms has the largest number of protein-coding genes?

Match the following techniques with the descriptions listed below. -used to determine DNA sequence using dideoxynucleotides

Match the following techniques with the descriptions listed below. -used to determine the entire genome sequence of an organism by sequencing DNA fragments and then assembling them using computer software

Which of the following are NOT identified during annotation?

Which of the following is the name of the study of the complete set of transcripts in a cell?

For each of the following statements, choose the most appropriate macromolecule being studied or manipulated from the list below. -cellular proteomics

Where do multigene families come from?

Match the following techniques with the descriptions listed below. -used to decrease a gene's expression to see the effect

Which of the following is NOT considered a source of evolving genes?

Light and Life

The Cell: an Overview

Defining Life and Its Origins

Energy and Enzymes

Cell Membranes and Signalling

Cellular Respiration

Photosynthesis

Cell Cycles

Genetic Recombination

Mendel, Genes, and Inheritance

Genes, Chromosomes, and Human Genetics

Dna Structure, Replication, and Organization

Gene Structure and Expression

Control of Gene Expression

Dna Technologies

Evolution: the Development of the Theory

Microevolution: Changes Within Populations

Species and Macroevolution

Understanding the History of Life on Earth

Humans and Evolution

Bacteria and Archaea

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions: Infectious Biological Particles

Protists

Fungi

Plants

Diversity of Animals 1: Sponges, Radiata, Platyhelminthes, and Protostomes

Diversity of Animals 2: Deuterostomes: Vertebrates and Their Closest Relatives

Population Ecology

Population Interactions and Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Conservation of Biodiversity

Putting Selection to Work

Organization of the Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Reproduction and Development in Flowering Plants

Plant Nutrition

Plant Signals and Responses to the Environment

Introduction to Animal Organization and Physiology

Transport in Animals: the Circulatory System

Reproduction in Animals

Animal Development

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Control

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Control

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Integration

Muscles, Skeletons, and Body Movements

Animal Behaviour

Animal Nutrition

Gas Exchange: the Respiratory System

Regulating the Internal Environment

Defences Against Disease

Conservation and Evolutionary Physiology

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