Question 1

Which of the following observations did Darwin apply to organisms in nature?

Accepted Answer

A) Malthus's observation that England's population was growing much faster than the country's agricultural capacity 
B) Malthus's observation that simple organisms evolved into more complex ones, moving up the ladder of life 
C) Lamarck's observation that simple organisms evolved into more complex ones, moving up the ladder of life 
D) Lamarck's observation that England's population was growing much faster than the country's agricultural capacity 
A) Malthus's observation that England's population was growing much faster than the country's agricultural capacity 
B) Malthus's observation that simple organisms evolved into more complex ones, moving up the ladder of life 
C) Lamarck's observation that simple organisms evolved into more complex ones, moving up the ladder of life 
D) Lamarck's observation that England's population was growing much faster than the country's agricultural capacity A

Question 2

Which of the following have extended the achievements of the modern synthesis and what is the result?

Accepted Answer

A) Molecular techniques have extended the achievements of the modern synthesis, allowing precise analysis of the genetic basis of evolutionary change. 
B) Molecular techniques have extended the achievements of the modern synthesis, allowing precise analysis of the genetic basis of evolutionary change and the genetic relatedness of living and extinct organisms. 
C) Molecular techniques have extended the achievements of the modern synthesis, allowing the genetic relatedness of living and extinct organisms. 
D) Genetic techniques have extended the achievements of the modern synthesis, allowing precise analysis of the genetic relatedness of living and extinct organisms. 
A) Molecular techniques have extended the achievements of the modern synthesis, allowing precise analysis of the genetic basis of evolutionary change. 
B) Molecular techniques have extended the achievements of the modern synthesis, allowing precise analysis of the genetic basis of evolutionary change and the genetic relatedness of living and extinct organisms. 
C) Molecular techniques have extended the achievements of the modern synthesis, allowing the genetic relatedness of living and extinct organisms. 
D) Genetic techniques have extended the achievements of the modern synthesis, allowing precise analysis of the genetic relatedness of living and extinct organisms. B

Question 3

Who proposed that species change through time?

Accepted Answer

A) Charles Lyell, Jean Baptiste de Lamarck, and Alfred Russel Wallace 
B) James Hutton, Charles Darwin, and Alfred Russel Wallace 
C) Aristotle, Charles Darwin, and Jean Baptiste de Lamarck 
D) Charles Darwin, Jean Baptiste de Lamarck, and Alfred Russel Wallace 
A) Charles Lyell, Jean Baptiste de Lamarck, and Alfred Russel Wallace 
B) James Hutton, Charles Darwin, and Alfred Russel Wallace 
C) Aristotle, Charles Darwin, and Jean Baptiste de Lamarck 
D) Charles Darwin, Jean Baptiste de Lamarck, and Alfred Russel Wallace D

Question 4

Match the descriptions listed below with their correct discipline.
-This describes larger-scale evolutionary changes observed in species.

Accepted Answer

A) population genetics 
B) microevolution 
C) historical biogeography 
D) comparative morphology 
E) macroevolution
F)the fossil record
G)molecular techniques 
A) population genetics 
B) microevolution 
C) historical biogeography 
D) comparative morphology 
E) macroevolution
F)the fossil record
G)molecular techniques

Question 5

Match the descriptions listed below with their correct discipline.
-If you observe that the arms of humans and wings of birds are constructed similarly, you would be practicing this discipline.

Accepted Answer

A) population genetics 
B) microevolution 
C) historical biogeography 
D) comparative morphology 
E) macroevolution
F)the fossil record
G)molecular techniques 
A) population genetics 
B) microevolution 
C) historical biogeography 
D) comparative morphology 
E) macroevolution
F)the fossil record
G)molecular techniques

Question 6

Match the descriptions listed below with their correct discipline.
-A practitioner of this discipline might observe that species on oceanic islands often closely resemble species on the nearest mainland.

Accepted Answer

A) population genetics 
B) microevolution 
C) historical biogeography 
D) comparative morphology 
E) macroevolution
F)the fossil record
G)molecular techniques 
A) population genetics 
B) microevolution 
C) historical biogeography 
D) comparative morphology 
E) macroevolution
F)the fossil record
G)molecular techniques

Question 7

Match each person with their correct concept.
-Alfred Russel Wallace

Accepted Answer

A) vestigial structures 
B) evolution by natural selection 
C) inheritance of acquired characteristics 
D) gradualism 
E) uniformitarianism 
A) vestigial structures 
B) evolution by natural selection 
C) inheritance of acquired characteristics 
D) gradualism 
E) uniformitarianism

Question 8

Which of the following were integrated in a unified theory of evolution called the modern synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A) biogeography, comparative morphology, comparative embryology, genetics, paleontology, and taxonomy 
B) biogeography, comparative morphology, comparative embryology, genetics, and paleontology 
C) biogeography, comparative morphology, comparative embryology, and genetics 
D) biogeography, comparative morphology, and comparative embryology 
A) biogeography, comparative morphology, comparative embryology, genetics, paleontology, and taxonomy 
B) biogeography, comparative morphology, comparative embryology, genetics, and paleontology 
C) biogeography, comparative morphology, comparative embryology, and genetics 
D) biogeography, comparative morphology, and comparative embryology

Question 9

Which of the following is characteristic of adaptive traits?

Accepted Answer

A) artificially selected characteristics that make organisms more likely to survive and reproduce under a given set of environmental conditions 
B) hereditary characteristics that make organisms more likely to survive and reproduce under a given set of environmental conditions. 
C) naturally selected characteristics that make organisms more likely to become extinct under a given set of environmental conditions 
D) hereditary characteristics that make organisms more likely to become extinct under a given set of environmental conditions 
A) artificially selected characteristics that make organisms more likely to survive and reproduce under a given set of environmental conditions 
B) hereditary characteristics that make organisms more likely to survive and reproduce under a given set of environmental conditions. 
C) naturally selected characteristics that make organisms more likely to become extinct under a given set of environmental conditions 
D) hereditary characteristics that make organisms more likely to become extinct under a given set of environmental conditions

Question 10

Which of the following is an example of biogeography?

Accepted Answer

A) studies of the travelling around the world and observing life 
B) studies of the world distribution of humans 
C) studies of the world distribution of fungi and animals 
D) studies of the world distribution of plants and animals 
A) studies of the travelling around the world and observing life 
B) studies of the world distribution of humans 
C) studies of the world distribution of fungi and animals 
D) studies of the world distribution of plants and animals

Question 11

Discuss the links between Darwin's observations and inferences. Are some inferences more logical than others? Is there evidence for all of the inferences?

Accepted Answer

Based on observations made in nature, Da

Question 12

What are the products of evolution?

Accepted Answer

Genetic changes (and

Question 13

Which of the following characteristics distinguish Darwin's theory from earlier explanations of biological diversity and adaptive traits?

Accepted Answer

A) Darwin provided purely spiritual, rather than physical, explanations for the origins of biological diversity. 
B) Darwin recognized that evolutionary change occurs in groups of organisms rather than in individuals: some members of a group survive and reproduce more successfully than others. 
C) Darwin described evolution as a single-stage process: variations arise within groups, natural selection eliminates unsuccessful variations, and the next generation inherits successful variations. 
D) Like Lamarck, Darwin understood that evolution does not occur because some organisms function worse than others in a particular environment. 
A) Darwin provided purely spiritual, rather than physical, explanations for the origins of biological diversity. 
B) Darwin recognized that evolutionary change occurs in groups of organisms rather than in individuals: some members of a group survive and reproduce more successfully than others. 
C) Darwin described evolution as a single-stage process: variations arise within groups, natural selection eliminates unsuccessful variations, and the next generation inherits successful variations. 
D) Like Lamarck, Darwin understood that evolution does not occur because some organisms function worse than others in a particular environment.

Question 14

What is the independent evolution of similar traits in unrelated species termed?

Accepted Answer

A) macroevolution 
B) microevolution 
C) convergent evolution 
D) divergent evolution 
A) macroevolution 
B) microevolution 
C) convergent evolution 
D) divergent evolution

Question 15

The wings of bats and insects have similar traits. What is this an example of?

Accepted Answer

A) macroevolution 
B) microevolution 
C) divergent evolution 
D) convergent evolution 
A) macroevolution 
B) microevolution 
C) divergent evolution 
D) convergent evolution

Question 16

Match each person with their correct concept.
-Charles Lyell

Accepted Answer

A) vestigial structures 
B) evolution by natural selection 
C) inheritance of acquired characteristics 
D) gradualism 
E) uniformitarianism 
A) vestigial structures 
B) evolution by natural selection 
C) inheritance of acquired characteristics 
D) gradualism 
E) uniformitarianism

Question 17

When did Darwin's voyage take place?

Accepted Answer

A) between 1731 and 1736 
B) between 1831 and 1836 
C) between 1854 and 1859 
D) between 1931 and 1939 
A) between 1731 and 1736 
B) between 1831 and 1836 
C) between 1854 and 1859 
D) between 1931 and 1939

Question 18

Which of the following is a defining characteristic of comparative morphology?

Accepted Answer

A) It compares the anatomical structures of organisms. 
B) It compares the similarities of organisms. 
C) It compares the differences of organisms. 
D) It compares the similarities and differences of organisms. 
A) It compares the anatomical structures of organisms. 
B) It compares the similarities of organisms. 
C) It compares the differences of organisms. 
D) It compares the similarities and differences of organisms.

Question 19

You are a farmer that grows corn. You are offered a genetically modified variety of corn that is 100 percent resistant to corn borers. You have to decide what proportion of your field you should plant in resistant corn versus a variety that is susceptible to corn borers. Explain why you might choose one of the following proportions of resistant to susceptible: 100:0, 90:10, 75:25, or 50:50.

Accepted Answer

The ultimate answer depends on rates of

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct interpretation of the wings of bats and the wings of birds?

Accepted Answer

A) They are analogous because they have a similar internal bone structure inherited from a common ancestor. 
B) They are homologous because they are adapted for the same function. 
C) They are homologous because they have a similar internal bone structure inherited from a common ancestor. 
D) They are analogous because the common ancestor of bats and birds had wings. 
A) They are analogous because they have a similar internal bone structure inherited from a common ancestor. 
B) They are homologous because they are adapted for the same function. 
C) They are homologous because they have a similar internal bone structure inherited from a common ancestor. 
D) They are analogous because the common ancestor of bats and birds had wings.

Exam 17: Evolution: the Development of the Theory

Which of the following observations did Darwin apply to organisms in nature?

Which of the following have extended the achievements of the modern synthesis and what is the result?

Who proposed that species change through time?

Match the descriptions listed below with their correct discipline. -This describes larger-scale evolutionary changes observed in species.

Match the descriptions listed below with their correct discipline. -If you observe that the arms of humans and wings of birds are constructed similarly, you would be practicing this discipline.

Match the descriptions listed below with their correct discipline. -A practitioner of this discipline might observe that species on oceanic islands often closely resemble species on the nearest mainland.

Match each person with their correct concept. -Alfred Russel Wallace

Which of the following were integrated in a unified theory of evolution called the modern synthesis?

Which of the following is characteristic of adaptive traits?

Which of the following is an example of biogeography?

Discuss the links between Darwin's observations and inferences. Are some inferences more logical than others? Is there evidence for all of the inferences?

What are the products of evolution?

Which of the following characteristics distinguish Darwin's theory from earlier explanations of biological diversity and adaptive traits?

What is the independent evolution of similar traits in unrelated species termed?

The wings of bats and insects have similar traits. What is this an example of?

Match each person with their correct concept. -Charles Lyell

When did Darwin's voyage take place?

Which of the following is a defining characteristic of comparative morphology?

Which of the following is a correct interpretation of the wings of bats and the wings of birds?

Light and Life

The Cell: an Overview

Defining Life and Its Origins

Energy and Enzymes

Cell Membranes and Signalling

Cellular Respiration

Photosynthesis

Cell Cycles

Genetic Recombination

Mendel, Genes, and Inheritance

Genes, Chromosomes, and Human Genetics

Dna Structure, Replication, and Organization

Gene Structure and Expression

Control of Gene Expression

Dna Technologies

Genomes and Proteomes

Microevolution: Changes Within Populations

Species and Macroevolution

Understanding the History of Life on Earth

Humans and Evolution

Bacteria and Archaea

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions: Infectious Biological Particles

Protists

Fungi

Plants

Diversity of Animals 1: Sponges, Radiata, Platyhelminthes, and Protostomes

Diversity of Animals 2: Deuterostomes: Vertebrates and Their Closest Relatives

Population Ecology

Population Interactions and Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Conservation of Biodiversity

Putting Selection to Work

Organization of the Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Reproduction and Development in Flowering Plants

Plant Nutrition

Plant Signals and Responses to the Environment

Introduction to Animal Organization and Physiology

Transport in Animals: the Circulatory System

Reproduction in Animals

Animal Development

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Control

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Control

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Integration

Muscles, Skeletons, and Body Movements

Animal Behaviour

Animal Nutrition

Gas Exchange: the Respiratory System

Regulating the Internal Environment

Defences Against Disease

Conservation and Evolutionary Physiology

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