Question 1

-In the figure, why do bees C and D differ from bees E and F?

Accepted Answer

A) because bees C and D had a different mother than bees E and F 
B) because bees C and D inherited different alleles form their mother than did bees E and F 
C) because bees C and D inherited different alleles form their father than did bees E and F 
D) because bees C and D are haploid drones while bees E and F are diploid female workers 
A) because bees C and D had a different mother than bees E and F 
B) because bees C and D inherited different alleles form their mother than did bees E and F 
C) because bees C and D inherited different alleles form their father than did bees E and F 
D) because bees C and D are haploid drones while bees E and F are diploid female workers

Question 2

Use the illustration below to answer the following questions.  
-Which label on the graph represents the sensory nerve terminals on the Eimer's organ of the star-nosed mole?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Use the illustration below to answer the...

Question 3

What is the difference between altruism and reciprocal altruism, respectively?

Accepted Answer

A) Altruism is defined as low-risk behaviour that provides minor benefits to others, while reciprocal altruism involves high-risk behaviour that provides major benefits to others. 
B) Altruism is defined as aid given to nonrelatives, while reciprocal altruism involves benefits given to close relatives only. 
C) Altruism is defined as the expectation of a future favour in return for present aid, while reciprocal altruism involves close relatives helping each other. 
D) Altruism is defined as the sacrifice of an individual's reproductive success to help others, while the reciprocal altruism involves the expectation of a future favour in return for present aid. 
A) Altruism is defined as low-risk behaviour that provides minor benefits to others, while reciprocal altruism involves high-risk behaviour that provides major benefits to others. 
B) Altruism is defined as aid given to nonrelatives, while reciprocal altruism involves benefits given to close relatives only. 
C) Altruism is defined as the expectation of a future favour in return for present aid, while reciprocal altruism involves close relatives helping each other. 
D) Altruism is defined as the sacrifice of an individual's reproductive success to help others, while the reciprocal altruism involves the expectation of a future favour in return for present aid.

Question 4

Match each term with its definition.
-habitat

Accepted Answer

A) site that provides food, shelter, nesting materials, and interacting organisms 
B) unusual pattern of sex determination 
C) resource-rich site defended by its occupants 
D) natural selection for mating success 
E) use of familiar landmarks to guide a journey
F)travel from the birth site to another destination and back
G)grounds where males display for females
H)volatile chemicals that influence the behaviour of members of the same species
I)ordered movement
J)ritualized behaviours engaged in to attract the attention of the opposite sex
K)social systems in which individuals are ranked 
A) site that provides food, shelter, nesting materials, and interacting organisms 
B) unusual pattern of sex determination 
C) resource-rich site defended by its occupants 
D) natural selection for mating success 
E) use of familiar landmarks to guide a journey
F)travel from the birth site to another destination and back
G)grounds where males display for females
H)volatile chemicals that influence the behaviour of members of the same species
I)ordered movement
J)ritualized behaviours engaged in to attract the attention of the opposite sex
K)social systems in which individuals are ranked

Question 5

Classify each example as one of the three behaviours. The behaviours may be used more than once.
-You skip class but borrow the notes from a friend, who skips class himself the next week, at which point you lend him your notes.

Accepted Answer

A) kin selection 
B) reciprocal altruism 
C) altruism 
A) kin selection 
B) reciprocal altruism 
C) altruism

Question 6

Male lizards experimentally dosed with supplemental testosterone were more active, displayed more often, and had a higher rate of death.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Alexander Erdbeer/Shutterstock.com (left); Vetapi/Shutterstock.com (right)
-What does the figure illustrate?

Accepted Answer

A) Habitat preference in Blue Tits is learned but in Coal Tits it is innate. 
B) Habitat preference in both Blue Tits and Coal Tits is innate. 
C) Habitat preference in both Blue Tits and Coal Tits is learned. 
D) Blue Tits instinctively prefer pine trees while Coal Tits instinctively prefer oak trees. 
A) Habitat preference in Blue Tits is learned but in Coal Tits it is innate. 
B) Habitat preference in both Blue Tits and Coal Tits is innate. 
C) Habitat preference in both Blue Tits and Coal Tits is learned. 
D) Blue Tits instinctively prefer pine trees while Coal Tits instinctively prefer oak trees.

Question 8

Which trait is consistent with evolution by sexual selection?

Accepted Answer

A) Males are smaller than females. 
B) Females actively choose superior males. 
C) Gametes are dispersed into the environment by wind or water. 
D) Males do not defend harems of females. 
A) Males are smaller than females. 
B) Females actively choose superior males. 
C) Gametes are dispersed into the environment by wind or water. 
D) Males do not defend harems of females.

Question 9

GnRH-producing cells in the brains of male cichlids are larger in territorial individuals.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Which of the following is the best example of purely instinctive behaviour?

Accepted Answer

A) Coyotes in urban areas forage in trash cans near humans. 
B) Baby geese imprint on their mother and follow her. 
C) A flying cricket jerks up its right hind leg when it hears a bat coming from the left. 
D) The male White-crowned Sparrow sings. 
A) Coyotes in urban areas forage in trash cans near humans. 
B) Baby geese imprint on their mother and follow her. 
C) A flying cricket jerks up its right hind leg when it hears a bat coming from the left. 
D) The male White-crowned Sparrow sings.

Question 11

Full siblings share 25% of their alleles.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

How does a cricket respond when it hears the ultrasonic call of a bat coming from its right side?

Accepted Answer

A) by releasing a noxious chemical from specialized epidermal glands 
B) by holding its hind legs close to the body 
C) by interrupting the movement of the right wing 
D) by interrupting the movement of the left wing 
A) by releasing a noxious chemical from specialized epidermal glands 
B) by holding its hind legs close to the body 
C) by interrupting the movement of the right wing 
D) by interrupting the movement of the left wing

Question 13

Which of the following is a sign stimulus?

Accepted Answer

A) a cuckoo chick evicting the original chicks in the nest 
B) a mother rat picking up young rats and returning them to the nest 
C) the open mouth of a peeping baby bird 
D) an innate learning 
A) a cuckoo chick evicting the original chicks in the nest 
B) a mother rat picking up young rats and returning them to the nest 
C) the open mouth of a peeping baby bird 
D) an innate learning

Question 14

-Suppose that a raven finds a carcass. Under what circumstances will the raven call and attract other ravens?

Accepted Answer

A) only if the carcass is being consumed by an animal of another species 
B) only if the carcass is found in a resident pair's territory 
C) only if the carcass is found in his own territory 
D) only if the carcass is large and plentiful 
A) only if the carcass is being consumed by an animal of another species 
B) only if the carcass is found in a resident pair's territory 
C) only if the carcass is found in his own territory 
D) only if the carcass is large and plentiful

Question 15

How is classical conditioning different from operant conditioning?

Accepted Answer

A) Classical conditioning associates a response with punishment, while operant conditioning links a response with a reward. 
B) Classical conditioning associates a voluntary activity with a reward, while operant conditioning links two phenomena that are usually unrelated. 
C) Classical conditioning associates instinctive behaviours with punishments, while operant conditioning links learned behaviours with rewards. 
D) Classical conditioning associates two phenomena that are usually unrelated, while operant conditioning links a voluntary activity with a reward. 
A) Classical conditioning associates a response with punishment, while operant conditioning links a response with a reward. 
B) Classical conditioning associates a voluntary activity with a reward, while operant conditioning links two phenomena that are usually unrelated. 
C) Classical conditioning associates instinctive behaviours with punishments, while operant conditioning links learned behaviours with rewards. 
D) Classical conditioning associates two phenomena that are usually unrelated, while operant conditioning links a voluntary activity with a reward.

Question 16

What happens to worker bees when extra juvenile hormone is experimentally administered to them?

Accepted Answer

A) They develop impaired memories. 
B) They produce more octopamine. 
C) They begin laying eggs. 
D) They live longer. 
A) They develop impaired memories. 
B) They produce more octopamine. 
C) They begin laying eggs. 
D) They live longer.

Question 17

Most of a mole's cerebral cortex is devoted to processing input from certain body parts. Which are the body parts?

Accepted Answer

A) both front feet and both hind feet 
B) both front feet and the tentacles closest to the mole's mouth 
C) the tentacles farthest from the mole's mouth 
D) the front feet 
A) both front feet and both hind feet 
B) both front feet and the tentacles closest to the mole's mouth 
C) the tentacles farthest from the mole's mouth 
D) the front feet

Question 18

Match each term with its definition.
-haplodiploidy

Accepted Answer

A) site that provides food, shelter, nesting materials, and interacting organisms 
B) unusual pattern of sex determination 
C) resource-rich site defended by its occupants 
D) natural selection for mating success 
E) use of familiar landmarks to guide a journey
F)travel from the birth site to another destination and back
G)grounds where males display for females
H)volatile chemicals that influence the behaviour of members of the same species
I)ordered movement
J)ritualized behaviours engaged in to attract the attention of the opposite sex
K)social systems in which individuals are ranked 
A) site that provides food, shelter, nesting materials, and interacting organisms 
B) unusual pattern of sex determination 
C) resource-rich site defended by its occupants 
D) natural selection for mating success 
E) use of familiar landmarks to guide a journey
F)travel from the birth site to another destination and back
G)grounds where males display for females
H)volatile chemicals that influence the behaviour of members of the same species
I)ordered movement
J)ritualized behaviours engaged in to attract the attention of the opposite sex
K)social systems in which individuals are ranked

Question 19

The brains of female zebra finches lack the hormonal influences that occur in the brains of males. What changes are seen in the female brains as a result?

Accepted Answer

A) Octopamine levels increase, which stimulates neural transmissions. 
B) Auditory processing centres are especially well developed in females. 
C) Transcription is boosted in genes whose products are involved in memory retention. 
D) The number of neurons in the higher vocal centre declines. 
A) Octopamine levels increase, which stimulates neural transmissions. 
B) Auditory processing centres are especially well developed in females. 
C) Transcription is boosted in genes whose products are involved in memory retention. 
D) The number of neurons in the higher vocal centre declines.

Question 20

-How is a taxis distinguished from a kinesis?

Accepted Answer

A) A taxis is a group movement, while a kinesis is an individual movement. 
B) A taxis is slow movement, while a kinesis is fast movement. 
C) A taxis is an ordered movement, while a kinesis is a change in the rate of movement. 
D) A taxis is a random movement, while a kinesis is a directional movement. 
A) A taxis is a group movement, while a kinesis is an individual movement. 
B) A taxis is slow movement, while a kinesis is fast movement. 
C) A taxis is an ordered movement, while a kinesis is a change in the rate of movement. 
D) A taxis is a random movement, while a kinesis is a directional movement.

Exam 47: Animal Behaviour

-In the figure, why do bees C and D differ from bees E and F?

Use the illustration below to answer the following questions. -Which label on the graph represents the sensory nerve terminals on the Eimer's organ of the star-nosed mole?

What is the difference between altruism and reciprocal altruism, respectively?

Match each term with its definition. -habitat

Classify each example as one of the three behaviours. The behaviours may be used more than once. -You skip class but borrow the notes from a friend, who skips class himself the next week, at which point you lend him your notes.

Male lizards experimentally dosed with supplemental testosterone were more active, displayed more often, and had a higher rate of death.

Alexander Erdbeer/Shutterstock.com (left); Vetapi/Shutterstock.com (right) -What does the figure illustrate?

Which trait is consistent with evolution by sexual selection?

GnRH-producing cells in the brains of male cichlids are larger in territorial individuals.

Which of the following is the best example of purely instinctive behaviour?

Full siblings share 25% of their alleles.

How does a cricket respond when it hears the ultrasonic call of a bat coming from its right side?

Which of the following is a sign stimulus?

-Suppose that a raven finds a carcass. Under what circumstances will the raven call and attract other ravens?

How is classical conditioning different from operant conditioning?

What happens to worker bees when extra juvenile hormone is experimentally administered to them?

Most of a mole's cerebral cortex is devoted to processing input from certain body parts. Which are the body parts?

Match each term with its definition. -haplodiploidy

The brains of female zebra finches lack the hormonal influences that occur in the brains of males. What changes are seen in the female brains as a result?

-How is a taxis distinguished from a kinesis?

Light and Life

The Cell: an Overview

Defining Life and Its Origins

Energy and Enzymes

Cell Membranes and Signalling

Cellular Respiration

Photosynthesis

Cell Cycles

Genetic Recombination

Mendel, Genes, and Inheritance

Genes, Chromosomes, and Human Genetics

Dna Structure, Replication, and Organization

Gene Structure and Expression

Control of Gene Expression

Dna Technologies

Genomes and Proteomes

Evolution: the Development of the Theory

Microevolution: Changes Within Populations

Species and Macroevolution

Understanding the History of Life on Earth

Humans and Evolution

Bacteria and Archaea

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions: Infectious Biological Particles

Protists

Fungi

Plants

Diversity of Animals 1: Sponges, Radiata, Platyhelminthes, and Protostomes

Diversity of Animals 2: Deuterostomes: Vertebrates and Their Closest Relatives

Population Ecology

Population Interactions and Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Conservation of Biodiversity

Putting Selection to Work

Organization of the Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Reproduction and Development in Flowering Plants

Plant Nutrition

Plant Signals and Responses to the Environment

Introduction to Animal Organization and Physiology

Transport in Animals: the Circulatory System

Reproduction in Animals

Animal Development

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Control

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Control

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Integration

Muscles, Skeletons, and Body Movements

Animal Nutrition

Gas Exchange: the Respiratory System

Regulating the Internal Environment

Defences Against Disease

Conservation and Evolutionary Physiology

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