Question 1

From what environment were Archaea first isolated?

Accepted Answer

A) from salt lakes 
B) from Mars 
C) from freshwater lakes 
D) from a human patient 
A) from salt lakes 
B) from Mars 
C) from freshwater lakes 
D) from a human patient

Question 2

-In the figure of a bacterial cell, which number identifies a structure that aids in attachment?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 8 
A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 8

Question 3

Suppose you perform a Gram stain of a mixed culture of Gram-positive and Gram-negative cells, and afterwards you realize that you omitted the iodine step. What would you expect to see if you observed the slide under the microscope?

Accepted Answer

A) colourless Gram-positive and pink Gram-negative cells 
B) purple Gram-positive and pink Gram-negative cells 
C) pink Gram-positive and pink Gram-negative cells 
D) colourless Gram-positive and colourless Gram-negative cells 
A) colourless Gram-positive and pink Gram-negative cells 
B) purple Gram-positive and pink Gram-negative cells 
C) pink Gram-positive and pink Gram-negative cells 
D) colourless Gram-positive and colourless Gram-negative cells

Question 4

What mechanism of reproduction is most common in bacteria?

Accepted Answer

A) sexual reproduction: binary fission 
B) asexual reproduction: binary fission 
C) asexual reproduction: budding 
D) sexual reproduction: meiosis 
A) sexual reproduction: binary fission 
B) asexual reproduction: binary fission 
C) asexual reproduction: budding 
D) sexual reproduction: meiosis

Question 5

Which organisms contain branched membrane lipids with ether linkages?

Accepted Answer

A) Eukarya 
B) Mercaria 
C) Archaea 
D) Bacteria 
A) Eukarya 
B) Mercaria 
C) Archaea 
D) Bacteria

Question 6

Which category includes the cyanobacteria?

Accepted Answer

A) chemoautotrophs 
B) photoheterotrophs 
C) photoautotrophs 
D) chemoheterotrophs 
A) chemoautotrophs 
B) photoheterotrophs 
C) photoautotrophs 
D) chemoheterotrophs

Question 7

-In the figure of a bacterial cell, which number identifies a structure that is composed of polysaccharides?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 3 
C) 6 
D) 9 
A) 1 
B) 3 
C) 6 
D) 9

Question 8

Which bacteria produce the botulism toxin?

Accepted Answer

A) Clostridium 
B) Salmonella 
C) Escherichia 
D) Staphylococcus 
A) Clostridium 
B) Salmonella 
C) Escherichia 
D) Staphylococcus

Question 9

What are lipopolysaccharides associated with?

Accepted Answer

A) the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria 
B) the plasma membrane of Gram-positive bacteria 
C) the plasma membrane of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria 
D) the plasma membrane of Gram-negative bacteria 
A) the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria 
B) the plasma membrane of Gram-positive bacteria 
C) the plasma membrane of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria 
D) the plasma membrane of Gram-negative bacteria

Question 10

What are the three domains of life?

Accepted Answer

A) animals, plants, and microorganisms 
B) Archaebacteria, Eubacteria, and Eukaryota 
C) Prokaryota, Eukaryota, and Protoctista 
D) Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya 
A) animals, plants, and microorganisms 
B) Archaebacteria, Eubacteria, and Eukaryota 
C) Prokaryota, Eukaryota, and Protoctista 
D) Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya

Question 11

Spirilli are Gram-negative bacteria that possess internal flagella, which cause the entire cell to twist in a corkscrew pattern.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

What is the correct sequence of the reagents in the Gram stain technique?

Accepted Answer

A) safranin, crystal violet, alcohol, iodine 
B) alcohol, iodine, crystal violet, safranin 
C) crystal violet, iodine, alcohol, safranin 
D) iodine, alcohol, safranin, crystal violet 
A) safranin, crystal violet, alcohol, iodine 
B) alcohol, iodine, crystal violet, safranin 
C) crystal violet, iodine, alcohol, safranin 
D) iodine, alcohol, safranin, crystal violet

Question 13

What is the composition of the genome of prokaryotes?

Accepted Answer

A) a single linear DNA molecule 
B) a single circular DNA molecule 
C) many linear DNA molecules 
D) a single DNA molecule that may be circular or linear 
A) a single linear DNA molecule 
B) a single circular DNA molecule 
C) many linear DNA molecules 
D) a single DNA molecule that may be circular or linear

Question 14

What is the approximate number of distinct evolutionary branches in the domain Archaea, as revealed by genome sequencing studies?

Accepted Answer

A) 3 to 4 
B) 9 to 10 
C) at least 12 
D) at least 20 
A) 3 to 4 
B) 9 to 10 
C) at least 12 
D) at least 20

Question 15

-In the figure of a bacterial cell, which numbers identify structures that are found in all prokaryotes?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 and 5 
B) 2 and 4 
C) 5 and 9 
D) 7 and 8 
A) 1 and 5 
B) 2 and 4 
C) 5 and 9 
D) 7 and 8

Question 16

-In the figure of a bacterial cell, which number identifies the structure that carries out protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A) 2 
B) 4 
C) 5 
D) 9 
A) 2 
B) 4 
C) 5 
D) 9

Question 17

Where is DNA found in prokaryotes?

Accepted Answer

A) only in the nucleolus 
B) only in plasmids 
C) in the nucleolus and plasmids 
D) in the nucleoid and plasmids 
A) only in the nucleolus 
B) only in plasmids 
C) in the nucleolus and plasmids 
D) in the nucleoid and plasmids

Question 18

-In the figure of a phylogenetic tree, which branch identifies Eukarya?

Accepted Answer

A) branch A 
B) branch C 
C) branch D 
D) branch E 
A) branch A 
B) branch C 
C) branch D 
D) branch E

Question 19

-In the figure of a bacterial cell, which type of cell is represented?

Accepted Answer

A) a Gram-positive bacterium 
B) any prokaryotic cell 
C) an archaeal cell 
D) a Gram-negative bacterium 
A) a Gram-positive bacterium 
B) any prokaryotic cell 
C) an archaeal cell 
D) a Gram-negative bacterium

Question 20

Which term refers to a bacterial protein that causes disease only after the cell has been disrupted?

Accepted Answer

A) endospore 
B) heterocyst 
C) endotoxin 
D) exotoxin 
A) endospore 
B) heterocyst 
C) endotoxin 
D) exotoxin

Exam 22: Bacteria and Archaea

From what environment were Archaea first isolated?

-In the figure of a bacterial cell, which number identifies a structure that aids in attachment?

Suppose you perform a Gram stain of a mixed culture of Gram-positive and Gram-negative cells, and afterwards you realize that you omitted the iodine step. What would you expect to see if you observed the slide under the microscope?

What mechanism of reproduction is most common in bacteria?

Which organisms contain branched membrane lipids with ether linkages?

Which category includes the cyanobacteria?

-In the figure of a bacterial cell, which number identifies a structure that is composed of polysaccharides?

Which bacteria produce the botulism toxin?

What are lipopolysaccharides associated with?

What are the three domains of life?

Spirilli are Gram-negative bacteria that possess internal flagella, which cause the entire cell to twist in a corkscrew pattern.

What is the correct sequence of the reagents in the Gram stain technique?

What is the composition of the genome of prokaryotes?

What is the approximate number of distinct evolutionary branches in the domain Archaea, as revealed by genome sequencing studies?

-In the figure of a bacterial cell, which numbers identify structures that are found in all prokaryotes?

-In the figure of a bacterial cell, which number identifies the structure that carries out protein synthesis?

Where is DNA found in prokaryotes?

-In the figure of a phylogenetic tree, which branch identifies Eukarya?

-In the figure of a bacterial cell, which type of cell is represented?

Which term refers to a bacterial protein that causes disease only after the cell has been disrupted?

Light and Life

The Cell: an Overview

Defining Life and Its Origins

Energy and Enzymes

Cell Membranes and Signalling

Cellular Respiration

Photosynthesis

Cell Cycles

Genetic Recombination

Mendel, Genes, and Inheritance

Genes, Chromosomes, and Human Genetics

Dna Structure, Replication, and Organization

Gene Structure and Expression

Control of Gene Expression

Dna Technologies

Genomes and Proteomes

Evolution: the Development of the Theory

Microevolution: Changes Within Populations

Species and Macroevolution

Understanding the History of Life on Earth

Humans and Evolution

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions: Infectious Biological Particles

Protists

Fungi

Plants

Diversity of Animals 1: Sponges, Radiata, Platyhelminthes, and Protostomes

Diversity of Animals 2: Deuterostomes: Vertebrates and Their Closest Relatives

Population Ecology

Population Interactions and Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Conservation of Biodiversity

Putting Selection to Work

Organization of the Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Reproduction and Development in Flowering Plants

Plant Nutrition

Plant Signals and Responses to the Environment

Introduction to Animal Organization and Physiology

Transport in Animals: the Circulatory System

Reproduction in Animals

Animal Development

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Control

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Control

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Integration

Muscles, Skeletons, and Body Movements

Animal Behaviour

Animal Nutrition

Gas Exchange: the Respiratory System

Regulating the Internal Environment

Defences Against Disease

Conservation and Evolutionary Physiology

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