Question 1

Which of the following is correct about DNA replication?

Accepted Answer

A) DNA on a chromosome is never replicated continuously along its entire length. 
B) DNA on a chromosome is replicated discontinuously at both ends of the replication fork. 
C) DNA on a chromosome is replicated continuously at both ends of the replication fork. 
D) DNA on a chromosome is replicated continuously at one fork but discontinuously at the other fork. 
A) DNA on a chromosome is never replicated continuously along its entire length. 
B) DNA on a chromosome is replicated discontinuously at both ends of the replication fork. 
C) DNA on a chromosome is replicated continuously at both ends of the replication fork. 
D) DNA on a chromosome is replicated continuously at one fork but discontinuously at the other fork.

Question 2

Suppose that the DNA of an organism is studied and found to contain 30% adenine. Based on this information, what percentage of thymine would you predict that the DNA of this organism would also contain?

Accepted Answer

A) 20% 
B) 30% 
C) 40% 
D) 50% 
A) 20% 
B) 30% 
C) 40% 
D) 50%

Question 3

What does the rolling circle model of replication refer to?

Accepted Answer

A) transfer of plasmid DNA from one cell to another 
B) transfer of genomic DNA from one cell to another 
C) all bacterial DNA replication 
D) the multiple replication bubbles seen in prokaryotes 
A) transfer of plasmid DNA from one cell to another 
B) transfer of genomic DNA from one cell to another 
C) all bacterial DNA replication 
D) the multiple replication bubbles seen in prokaryotes

Question 4

-In the figure, what does the structure labelled E represent?

Accepted Answer

A) primase 
B) single-stranded binding protein 
C) DNA ligase 
D) helicase 
A) primase 
B) single-stranded binding protein 
C) DNA ligase 
D) helicase

Question 5

What is the nucleosome core particle composed of?

Accepted Answer

A) histones H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 
B) single-stranded binding proteins 
C) histones H1 and H2A 
D) histones H3 and H4 
A) histones H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 
B) single-stranded binding proteins 
C) histones H1 and H2A 
D) histones H3 and H4

Question 6

How are adjacent nucleotides on a strand of DNA connected to each other?

Accepted Answer

A) by a hydrophobic interaction 
B) by a phosphodiester bond 
C) by a peptide bond 
D) by a hydrogen bond 
A) by a hydrophobic interaction 
B) by a phosphodiester bond 
C) by a peptide bond 
D) by a hydrogen bond

Question 7

Which of the following items associated with DNA packaging is the thickest?

Accepted Answer

A) an H2A histone protein 
B) a nucleosome 
C) a DNA double helix 
D) a solenoid 
A) an H2A histone protein 
B) a nucleosome 
C) a DNA double helix 
D) a solenoid

Question 8

Which of the following describes the direction in which nucleotides are added onto a growing DNA strand during DNA replication in cells?

Accepted Answer

A) in the 3' - 5' direction for the leading strand, and the 5' - 3' direction on the lagging strand 
B) in the 5' - 3' direction only 
C) in the 5' - 3' direction for the leading strand, and the 3' - 5' direction on the lagging strand 
D) in either the 5' - 3' direction or the 3' - 5' direction on both strands, depending on where replication begins 
A) in the 3' - 5' direction for the leading strand, and the 5' - 3' direction on the lagging strand 
B) in the 5' - 3' direction only 
C) in the 5' - 3' direction for the leading strand, and the 3' - 5' direction on the lagging strand 
D) in either the 5' - 3' direction or the 3' - 5' direction on both strands, depending on where replication begins

Question 9

-In the figure, what does the structure labelled D represent?

Accepted Answer

A) single-stranded binding protein 
B) DNA ligase 
C) primase 
D) helicase 
A) single-stranded binding protein 
B) DNA ligase 
C) primase 
D) helicase

Question 10

When RNA primers are added, what do they provide to DNA polymerase that is essential to its function?

Accepted Answer

A) a free 5' phosphate 
B) partially double stranded DNA 
C) RNA 
D) a free 3' OH 
A) a free 5' phosphate 
B) partially double stranded DNA 
C) RNA 
D) a free 3' OH

Question 11

Match each researcher or set of researchers with the discovery or experiment each is associated with.
-showed that a transforming principle from heat-killed S strain Streptococcus pneumoniae could be used to make the R strain virulent

Accepted Answer

A) Watson and Crick 
B) Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty 
C) Frederick Griffith 
D) Hershey and Chase 
E) Meselson and Stahl 
A) Watson and Crick 
B) Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty 
C) Frederick Griffith 
D) Hershey and Chase 
E) Meselson and Stahl

Question 12

Match each researcher or set of researchers with the discovery or experiment each is associated with.
-worked out the double helix model for DNA structure

Accepted Answer

A) Watson and Crick 
B) Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty 
C) Frederick Griffith 
D) Hershey and Chase 
E) Meselson and Stahl 
A) Watson and Crick 
B) Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty 
C) Frederick Griffith 
D) Hershey and Chase 
E) Meselson and Stahl

Question 13

Which of the following assembles a short RNA chain as the first nucleotides in a new DNA strand?

Accepted Answer

A) DNA polymerase 
B) primase 
C) topoisomerase 
D) helicase 
A) DNA polymerase 
B) primase 
C) topoisomerase 
D) helicase

Question 14

Suppose that a cell has a genetic mutation such that the primase enzyme is unable to make RNA primers. Also, assume that all of the other enzymes directly involved in DNA replication are still functional in these cells. How much of the process of DNA replication would you expect to see in these cells?
a.None; no part of the DNA replication process could occur.
b.Both the leading and lagging strand would be synthesized, but Okazaki fragments would not be joined together.
c.The DNA helix would be unwound by helicase, but no new strands would be produced.
d.The leading strand would be synthesized, but not the lagging strand.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Suppose that a cell has a genetic...

Question 15

Which phrase best describes nucleosomes?

Accepted Answer

A) eukaryotic DNA associated with histone proteins 
B) eukaryotic DNA associated with nonhistone proteins 
C) prokaryotic DNA associated with nonhistone proteins 
D) prokaryotic DNA associated with histone proteins 
A) eukaryotic DNA associated with histone proteins 
B) eukaryotic DNA associated with nonhistone proteins 
C) prokaryotic DNA associated with nonhistone proteins 
D) prokaryotic DNA associated with histone proteins

Question 16

-In the figure, what does the structure labelled C represent?

Accepted Answer

A) helicase 
B) single-stranded binding protein 
C) primase 
D) DNA ligase 
A) helicase 
B) single-stranded binding protein 
C) primase 
D) DNA ligase

Question 17

More than 90% of cancer cells have fully active telomerase enzymes. Explain how that might play a role in enabling cancer cells to keep rapidly dividing.

Accepted Answer

Cancer cells are characterized by their

Question 18

-In the figure, what does the structure labelled B represent?

Accepted Answer

A) primase 
B) helicase 
C) DNA polymerase 
D) DNA ligase 
A) primase 
B) helicase 
C) DNA polymerase 
D) DNA ligase

Question 19

Suppose that you performed a version of the Hershey and Chase experiment, this time using 32P-labelled viruses that insert their DNA into the DNA of the cells that they infect. Also suppose that the viral DNA is then treated as part of the cell's own DNA, and is replicated during DNA replication and passed on to daughter cells when the cell divides. You infect a population of cells with the 32P-labelled viruses, and then let the infected cells go through two generations of cell divisions. In how many cells should you find 32P-labelled DNA?

Accepted Answer

A) in none of them 
B) in about one-quarter of them 
C) in about one-half of them 
D) in about three-quarters of them 
A) in none of them 
B) in about one-quarter of them 
C) in about one-half of them 
D) in about three-quarters of them

Question 20

Which sentence best explains why, during DNA replication, DNA ligase is most active on the lagging strand?

Accepted Answer

A) The lagging strand requires DNA ligase to couple the RNA primer to the Okazaki fragments. 
B) The lagging strand synthesizes DNA in the 3' - 5' direction. 
C) The lagging strand is synthesized more slowly, and DNA ligase speeds up the DNA polymerase. 
D) The lagging strand contains more short DNA segments than the leading strand, and these short segments are joined together by DNA ligase. 
A) The lagging strand requires DNA ligase to couple the RNA primer to the Okazaki fragments. 
B) The lagging strand synthesizes DNA in the 3' - 5' direction. 
C) The lagging strand is synthesized more slowly, and DNA ligase speeds up the DNA polymerase. 
D) The lagging strand contains more short DNA segments than the leading strand, and these short segments are joined together by DNA ligase.

Exam 12: Dna Structure, Replication, and Organization

Which of the following is correct about DNA replication?

Suppose that the DNA of an organism is studied and found to contain 30% adenine. Based on this information, what percentage of thymine would you predict that the DNA of this organism would also contain?

What does the rolling circle model of replication refer to?

-In the figure, what does the structure labelled E represent?

What is the nucleosome core particle composed of?

How are adjacent nucleotides on a strand of DNA connected to each other?

Which of the following items associated with DNA packaging is the thickest?

Which of the following describes the direction in which nucleotides are added onto a growing DNA strand during DNA replication in cells?

-In the figure, what does the structure labelled D represent?

When RNA primers are added, what do they provide to DNA polymerase that is essential to its function?

Match each researcher or set of researchers with the discovery or experiment each is associated with. -showed that a transforming principle from heat-killed S strain Streptococcus pneumoniae could be used to make the R strain virulent

Match each researcher or set of researchers with the discovery or experiment each is associated with. -worked out the double helix model for DNA structure

Which of the following assembles a short RNA chain as the first nucleotides in a new DNA strand?

Which phrase best describes nucleosomes?

-In the figure, what does the structure labelled C represent?

More than 90% of cancer cells have fully active telomerase enzymes. Explain how that might play a role in enabling cancer cells to keep rapidly dividing.

-In the figure, what does the structure labelled B represent?

Which sentence best explains why, during DNA replication, DNA ligase is most active on the lagging strand?

Light and Life

The Cell: an Overview

Defining Life and Its Origins

Energy and Enzymes

Cell Membranes and Signalling

Cellular Respiration

Photosynthesis

Cell Cycles

Genetic Recombination

Mendel, Genes, and Inheritance

Genes, Chromosomes, and Human Genetics

Gene Structure and Expression

Control of Gene Expression

Dna Technologies

Genomes and Proteomes

Evolution: the Development of the Theory

Microevolution: Changes Within Populations

Species and Macroevolution

Understanding the History of Life on Earth

Humans and Evolution

Bacteria and Archaea

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions: Infectious Biological Particles

Protists

Fungi

Plants

Diversity of Animals 1: Sponges, Radiata, Platyhelminthes, and Protostomes

Diversity of Animals 2: Deuterostomes: Vertebrates and Their Closest Relatives

Population Ecology

Population Interactions and Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Conservation of Biodiversity

Putting Selection to Work

Organization of the Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Reproduction and Development in Flowering Plants

Plant Nutrition

Plant Signals and Responses to the Environment

Introduction to Animal Organization and Physiology

Transport in Animals: the Circulatory System

Reproduction in Animals

Animal Development

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Control

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Control

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Integration

Muscles, Skeletons, and Body Movements

Animal Behaviour

Animal Nutrition

Gas Exchange: the Respiratory System

Regulating the Internal Environment

Defences Against Disease

Conservation and Evolutionary Physiology

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