Question 1

The process of learning about genotypes by studying mutant phenotypes is called ________.

Accepted Answer

A) reverse genetics 
B) forward genetics 
C) backwards genetics 
D) frontwards genetics 
E) proverse genetics 
A) reverse genetics 
B) forward genetics 
C) backwards genetics 
D) frontwards genetics 
E) proverse genetics

Question 2

How do enzymes like trypsin release cells from tissues to create preparations of single cells?

Accepted Answer

A) The enzymes digest extracellular domains of proteins that mediate cell adhesion. 
B) The enzymes digest intracellular domains of proteins that mediate cell adhesion. 
C) The enzymes digest intracellular domains of proteins that mediate cytoskeletal function. 
D) The enzymes digest extracellular domains of proteins that mediate cytoskeletal function. 
E) The enzymes digest extracellular domains of proteins that mediate endocytosis. 
A) The enzymes digest extracellular domains of proteins that mediate cell adhesion. 
B) The enzymes digest intracellular domains of proteins that mediate cell adhesion. 
C) The enzymes digest intracellular domains of proteins that mediate cytoskeletal function. 
D) The enzymes digest extracellular domains of proteins that mediate cytoskeletal function. 
E) The enzymes digest extracellular domains of proteins that mediate endocytosis.

Question 3

The 3-D computerized reconstruction of a cell generated by cryoelectron tomography is called a(n)________.

Accepted Answer

A) tomatogram 
B) chromatogram 
C) tomogram 
D) telegram 
E) tonogram 
A) tomatogram 
B) chromatogram 
C) tomogram 
D) telegram 
E) tonogram

Question 4

Why does ion exchange chromatography depend on the pH of the medium?

Accepted Answer

A) The charge of each amino acid R group depends on the medium's pH. 
B) The charge of each nucleic acid R group depends on the medium's pH. 
C) The charge of each fatty acid R group depends on the medium's pH. 
D) The charge of each terminal amino acid depends on the medium's pH. 
E) The shape of each protein depends on the medium's pH. 
A) The charge of each amino acid R group depends on the medium's pH. 
B) The charge of each nucleic acid R group depends on the medium's pH. 
C) The charge of each fatty acid R group depends on the medium's pH. 
D) The charge of each terminal amino acid depends on the medium's pH. 
E) The shape of each protein depends on the medium's pH.

Question 5

________ are atoms with the same number of protons and varying number of neutrons.

Accepted Answer

A) Isomers 
B) Isosceles 
C) Isotopes 
D) Epitopes 
E) Haplotypes 
A) Isomers 
B) Isosceles 
C) Isotopes 
D) Epitopes 
E) Haplotypes

Question 6

The fractured surface of the specimen is coated with a heavy metal layer with the metal being deposited at an angle.A uniform carbon layer is deposited on top of the metal layer from directly overhead to cement the patches of metal into a solid layer.What is the name for this process?

Accepted Answer

A) freeze-fracture 
B) replication 
C) entrapment 
D) metallification 
E) freeze-etch 
A) freeze-fracture 
B) replication 
C) entrapment 
D) metallification 
E) freeze-etch

Question 7

_________ are established with cells that have been frozen in liquid nitrogen,thawed and then placed in a waiting culture medium.They are usually previously cultured cells that were frozen for storage.

Accepted Answer

A) Primary cultures 
B) Secondary cultures 
C) Tertiary cultures 
D) Supernatant cultures 
E) Penultimate cultures 
A) Primary cultures 
B) Secondary cultures 
C) Tertiary cultures 
D) Supernatant cultures 
E) Penultimate cultures

Question 8

How sensitive is gel electrophoresis when it is used to separate DNA?

Accepted Answer

A) It can separate fragments of DNA that differ grossly in size. 
B) It can separate really big DNAs from very small DNAs. 
C) It can separate DNAs that differ by hundreds of nucleotides. 
D) It can separate DNA molecules that vary in length by only a single nucleotide. 
E) It can separate DNA molecules that vary in length by five or more nucleotides. 
A) It can separate fragments of DNA that differ grossly in size. 
B) It can separate really big DNAs from very small DNAs. 
C) It can separate DNAs that differ by hundreds of nucleotides. 
D) It can separate DNA molecules that vary in length by only a single nucleotide. 
E) It can separate DNA molecules that vary in length by five or more nucleotides.

Question 9

In phage display,the antibody molecule is displayed on the _______.

Accepted Answer

A) inner surface of the viral particle 
B) outer surface of the viral particle 
C) viral DNA 
D) viral RNA 
E) viral carbohyhdrates 
A) inner surface of the viral particle 
B) outer surface of the viral particle 
C) viral DNA 
D) viral RNA 
E) viral carbohyhdrates

Question 10

With what is the solvent in an SEM specimen's cells usually replaced?

Accepted Answer

A) water 
B) glycerol 
C) a liquid transitional fluid,usually CO2,that has been vaporized under pressure 
D) serum 
E) hydrochloric acid 
A) water 
B) glycerol 
C) a liquid transitional fluid,usually CO2,that has been vaporized under pressure 
D) serum 
E) hydrochloric acid

Question 11

Atomic force microscopy can be used for ___________.

Accepted Answer

A) the monitoring and determination of molecular structure 
B) nanomanipulation to pull or push on a specimen in an attempt to measure various mechanical properties 
C) determination of the affinity of a receptor for its ligand 
D) visualization of macromolecular activity over time 
E) all of the above 
A) the monitoring and determination of molecular structure 
B) nanomanipulation to pull or push on a specimen in an attempt to measure various mechanical properties 
C) determination of the affinity of a receptor for its ligand 
D) visualization of macromolecular activity over time 
E) all of the above

Question 12

With what molecules in a cell does osmium tetroxide primarily react?

Accepted Answer

A) DNA 
B) RNA 
C) fatty acids 
D) proteins 
E) carbohydrates 
A) DNA 
B) RNA 
C) fatty acids 
D) proteins 
E) carbohydrates

Question 13

Due to the diffraction properties of light,the limit of resolution for the light microscope is approximately ___

Accepted Answer

A) 0)02 µm 
B) 0)2 µm 
C) 2 µm 
D) 20 µm 
E) 200 µm 
A) 0)02 µm 
B) 0)2 µm 
C) 2 µm 
D) 20 µm 
E) 200 µm

Question 14

To what are the reflection positions and intensities on the photographic plate of an X-ray crystallography experiment related?

Accepted Answer

A) proton densities of proteins 
B) neutron densities of proteins 
C) electron densities of proteins 
D) proton densities of nucleic acids 
E) neutron densities of lipids 
A) proton densities of proteins 
B) neutron densities of proteins 
C) electron densities of proteins 
D) proton densities of nucleic acids 
E) neutron densities of lipids

Question 15

What is the result of treating the full complement of genomic DNA with low concentrations of restriction enzymes under conditions in which most of the susceptible sites are not cleaved?

Accepted Answer

A) The genomic DNA is fragmented into a defined and limited set of fragments. 
B) The genomic DNA is fully degraded. 
C) The genomic DNA is barely damaged. 
D) The genomic DNA is cut into random fragments of many different sizes. 
E) The genomic DNA is fragmented into a small set of very large pieces of DNA. 
A) The genomic DNA is fragmented into a defined and limited set of fragments. 
B) The genomic DNA is fully degraded. 
C) The genomic DNA is barely damaged. 
D) The genomic DNA is cut into random fragments of many different sizes. 
E) The genomic DNA is fragmented into a small set of very large pieces of DNA.

Question 16

A ________ is a culture in which the cells have undergone genetic modifications that allow them to grow indefinitely.

Accepted Answer

A) cell establishment 
B) cell line 
C) cell kultur 
D) monolayer 
E) suspension culture 
A) cell establishment 
B) cell line 
C) cell kultur 
D) monolayer 
E) suspension culture

Question 17

Why is centrifugation at high speeds carried out in a near vacuum?

Accepted Answer

A) to maximize frictional resistance to the rotor's motion 
B) to minimize frictional resistance to the rotor's motion 
C) to balance the rotor 
D) to stabilize the rotor 
E) to minimize pH fluctuations 
A) to maximize frictional resistance to the rotor's motion 
B) to minimize frictional resistance to the rotor's motion 
C) to balance the rotor 
D) to stabilize the rotor 
E) to minimize pH fluctuations

Question 18

What is the name of the procedure in which single-stranded DNA molecules are separated by electrophoresis,immobilized on a nitrocellulose filter and then hybridized with labeled,single-stranded DNA probes?

Accepted Answer

A) Southern blot 
B) Northern blot 
C) Western blot 
D) Southwestern blot 
E) Eastern blot 
A) Southern blot 
B) Northern blot 
C) Western blot 
D) Southwestern blot 
E) Eastern blot

Question 19

Advanced optical techniques such as stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM)have lowered the optical microscope resolution limit to less than ___

Accepted Answer

A) 0)02 µm 
B) 0)2 µm 
C) 2 µm 
D) 20 µm 
E) 200 µm 
A) 0)02 µm 
B) 0)2 µm 
C) 2 µm 
D) 20 µm 
E) 200 µm

Question 20

When specimens are air-dried,what causes the damage that the tissues suffer?

Accepted Answer

A) shrinkage 
B) swelling 
C) surface tension at air-water interfaces 
D) hydrostatic pressure 
E) air pressure 
A) shrinkage 
B) swelling 
C) surface tension at air-water interfaces 
D) hydrostatic pressure 
E) air pressure

The process of learning about genotypes by studying mutant phenotypes is called ________.

How do enzymes like trypsin release cells from tissues to create preparations of single cells?

The 3-D computerized reconstruction of a cell generated by cryoelectron tomography is called a(n)________.

Why does ion exchange chromatography depend on the pH of the medium?

________ are atoms with the same number of protons and varying number of neutrons.

The fractured surface of the specimen is coated with a heavy metal layer with the metal being deposited at an angle.A uniform carbon layer is deposited on top of the metal layer from directly overhead to cement the patches of metal into a solid layer.What is the name for this process?

_________ are established with cells that have been frozen in liquid nitrogen,thawed and then placed in a waiting culture medium.They are usually previously cultured cells that were frozen for storage.

How sensitive is gel electrophoresis when it is used to separate DNA?

In phage display,the antibody molecule is displayed on the _______.

With what is the solvent in an SEM specimen's cells usually replaced?

Atomic force microscopy can be used for ___________.

With what molecules in a cell does osmium tetroxide primarily react?

Due to the diffraction properties of light,the limit of resolution for the light microscope is approximately ___

To what are the reflection positions and intensities on the photographic plate of an X-ray crystallography experiment related?

What is the result of treating the full complement of genomic DNA with low concentrations of restriction enzymes under conditions in which most of the susceptible sites are not cleaved?

A ________ is a culture in which the cells have undergone genetic modifications that allow them to grow indefinitely.

Why is centrifugation at high speeds carried out in a near vacuum?

What is the name of the procedure in which single-stranded DNA molecules are separated by electrophoresis,immobilized on a nitrocellulose filter and then hybridized with labeled,single-stranded DNA probes?

Advanced optical techniques such as stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM)have lowered the optical microscope resolution limit to less than ___

When specimens are air-dried,what causes the damage that the tissues suffer?

Introduction to the Study of Cell and Molecular Biology

The Chemical Basis of Life

Bioenergetics,enzymes and Metabolism

The Structure and Function of the Plasma Membrane

Aerobic Respiration and the Mitochondrion

Photosynthesis and the Chloroplast

Interactions Between Cells and Their Environment

Cytoplasmic Membrane Systems: Structure, function, and Membrane Trafficking

The Cytoskeleton and Cell Motility

The Nature of the Gene and the Genome

Gene Expression: From Transcription to Translation

Control of Gene Expression

Dna Replication and Repair

Cellular Reproduction

Cell Signaling and Signal Transduction: Communication Between Cells

Cancer

The Immune Response

Filters

Exam 18: Techniques in Cell and Molecular Biology

The process of learning about genotypes by studying mutant phenotypes is called ________.

How do enzymes like trypsin release cells from tissues to create preparations of single cells?

The 3-D computerized reconstruction of a cell generated by cryoelectron tomography is called a(n)________.

Why does ion exchange chromatography depend on the pH of the medium?

________ are atoms with the same number of protons and varying number of neutrons.

The fractured surface of the specimen is coated with a heavy metal layer with the metal being deposited at an angle.A uniform carbon layer is deposited on top of the metal layer from directly overhead to cement the patches of metal into a solid layer.What is the name for this process?

_________ are established with cells that have been frozen in liquid nitrogen,thawed and then placed in a waiting culture medium.They are usually previously cultured cells that were frozen for storage.

How sensitive is gel electrophoresis when it is used to separate DNA?

In phage display,the antibody molecule is displayed on the _______.

With what is the solvent in an SEM specimen's cells usually replaced?

Atomic force microscopy can be used for ___________.

With what molecules in a cell does osmium tetroxide primarily react?

Due to the diffraction properties of light,the limit of resolution for the light microscope is approximately ___

To what are the reflection positions and intensities on the photographic plate of an X-ray crystallography experiment related?

What is the result of treating the full complement of genomic DNA with low concentrations of restriction enzymes under conditions in which most of the susceptible sites are not cleaved?

A ________ is a culture in which the cells have undergone genetic modifications that allow them to grow indefinitely.

Why is centrifugation at high speeds carried out in a near vacuum?

What is the name of the procedure in which single-stranded DNA molecules are separated by electrophoresis,immobilized on a nitrocellulose filter and then hybridized with labeled,single-stranded DNA probes?

Advanced optical techniques such as stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM)have lowered the optical microscope resolution limit to less than ___

When specimens are air-dried,what causes the damage that the tissues suffer?

Introduction to the Study of Cell and Molecular Biology

The Chemical Basis of Life

Bioenergetics,enzymes and Metabolism

The Structure and Function of the Plasma Membrane

Aerobic Respiration and the Mitochondrion

Photosynthesis and the Chloroplast

Interactions Between Cells and Their Environment

Cytoplasmic Membrane Systems: Structure, function, and Membrane Trafficking

The Cytoskeleton and Cell Motility

The Nature of the Gene and the Genome

Gene Expression: From Transcription to Translation

Control of Gene Expression

Dna Replication and Repair

Cellular Reproduction

Cell Signaling and Signal Transduction: Communication Between Cells

Cancer

The Immune Response

Filters