Question 1

During the cloning procedure,what is the purpose of inserting genes into a bacterium that give it resistance to antibiotics?

Accepted Answer

A) Antibiotic resistance allows researchers to select for those cells that contain a recombinant plasmid. 
B) Antibiotic resistance allows researchers to select for mutations they want to introduce. 
C) Antibiotic resistance allows researchers to kill those cells that contain a recombinant plasmid. 
D) Antibiotic resistance increases the generation time of the bacteria. 
E) Antibiotic resistance decreases bacterial generation time. 
A) Antibiotic resistance allows researchers to select for those cells that contain a recombinant plasmid. 
B) Antibiotic resistance allows researchers to select for mutations they want to introduce. 
C) Antibiotic resistance allows researchers to kill those cells that contain a recombinant plasmid. 
D) Antibiotic resistance increases the generation time of the bacteria. 
E) Antibiotic resistance decreases bacterial generation time.

Question 2

Electron cryomicroscopy can be used to cause membrane proteins to become closely packed at very low temperatures into two-dimensional crystalline arrays within the plane of a membrane.The structures of such proteins are then determined from combined,high-resolution electron microscope images of many different protein molecules taken at various angles.This process is called __________.

Accepted Answer

A) cryopreservation 
B) electron crystallography 
C) cryohistology 
D) electron cryocrystallography 
E) proton microscopy 
A) cryopreservation 
B) electron crystallography 
C) cryohistology 
D) electron cryocrystallography 
E) proton microscopy

Question 3

Most proteins have an isoelectric point ________ 7.

Accepted Answer

A) equal to 
B) above 
C) below 
D) far above 
E) at or above 
A) equal to 
B) above 
C) below 
D) far above 
E) at or above

Question 4

When specimens are air-dried,what causes the damage that the tissues suffer?

Accepted Answer

A) shrinkage 
B) swelling 
C) surface tension at air-water interfaces 
D) hydrostatic pressure 
E) air pressure 
A) shrinkage 
B) swelling 
C) surface tension at air-water interfaces 
D) hydrostatic pressure 
E) air pressure

Question 5

What is the result of treating the full complement of genomic DNA with low concentrations of restriction enzymes under conditions in which most of the susceptible sites are not cleaved?

Accepted Answer

A) The genomic DNA is fragmented into a defined and limited set of fragments. 
B) The genomic DNA is fully degraded. 
C) The genomic DNA is barely damaged. 
D) The genomic DNA is cut into random fragments of many different sizes. 
E) The genomic DNA is fragmented into a small set of very large pieces of DNA. 
A) The genomic DNA is fragmented into a defined and limited set of fragments. 
B) The genomic DNA is fully degraded. 
C) The genomic DNA is barely damaged. 
D) The genomic DNA is cut into random fragments of many different sizes. 
E) The genomic DNA is fragmented into a small set of very large pieces of DNA.

Question 6

What does the change in field direction in pulsed field electrophoresis accomplish?

Accepted Answer

A) It makes the DNA molecules move faster. 
B) It causes the DNA molecules to reorient themselves during their migration. 
C) It causes the DNA molecules to denature. 
D) It causes the DNA molecules to renature. 
E) It causes the stain to adhere better to the DNA molecules. 
A) It makes the DNA molecules move faster. 
B) It causes the DNA molecules to reorient themselves during their migration. 
C) It causes the DNA molecules to denature. 
D) It causes the DNA molecules to renature. 
E) It causes the stain to adhere better to the DNA molecules.

Question 7

Where is RNA found after the ethanol precipitation step in the DNA isolation procedure?

Accepted Answer

A) at the interface between the aqueous and phenol phases 
B) in the aqueous phase 
C) in the phenol phase 
D) at the ethanol/saline interface 
E) settled in a flocculant precipitate at the bottom of the vessel 
A) at the interface between the aqueous and phenol phases 
B) in the aqueous phase 
C) in the phenol phase 
D) at the ethanol/saline interface 
E) settled in a flocculant precipitate at the bottom of the vessel

Question 8

How can a researcher visualize all of the DNA fragments present in an electrophoresis gel?

Accepted Answer

A) using a labeled probe with a sequence complementary to the desired DNA fragment 
B) staining with ethidium bromide 
C) staining with potassium chloride 
D) using labeled antibodies 
E) staining with Coomassie Blue 
A) using a labeled probe with a sequence complementary to the desired DNA fragment 
B) staining with ethidium bromide 
C) staining with potassium chloride 
D) using labeled antibodies 
E) staining with Coomassie Blue

Question 9

Which method combines PCR with the Sanger-Coulson sequencing method and is widely used in genome sequencing?

Accepted Answer

A) the Sanger-PCR method 
B) the Maxam-Gilbert method 
C) the cycle sequencing method 
D) the Sanger-Gilbert method 
E) the Maxam-Coulson method 
A) the Sanger-PCR method 
B) the Maxam-Gilbert method 
C) the cycle sequencing method 
D) the Sanger-Gilbert method 
E) the Maxam-Coulson method

Question 10

What is the significance of the varying porosity of gel filtration media?

Accepted Answer

A) It allows water to restrict solubility. 
B) It allows proteins or nucleic acids to diffuse in and out of the beads differentially. 
C) It causes the proteins or nucleic acids to denature. 
D) It causes the proteins or nucleotides to precipitate. 
E) It causes the proteins or nucleic acids to solubilize. 
A) It allows water to restrict solubility. 
B) It allows proteins or nucleic acids to diffuse in and out of the beads differentially. 
C) It causes the proteins or nucleic acids to denature. 
D) It causes the proteins or nucleotides to precipitate. 
E) It causes the proteins or nucleic acids to solubilize.

Question 11

How are double-stranded hybrids released from hydroxylapatite columns?

Accepted Answer

A) by increasing elution buffer concentration 
B) by decreasing elution buffer concentration 
C) by increasing pH 
D) by decreasing pH 
E) by increasing sucrose concentration 
A) by increasing elution buffer concentration 
B) by decreasing elution buffer concentration 
C) by increasing pH 
D) by decreasing pH 
E) by increasing sucrose concentration

Question 12

If the template in the cycle sequencing method is a PCR product,what is generally used as a primer?

Accepted Answer

A) both PCR primers 
B) randomly generated primers 
C) one,but only one,of the PCR primers 
D) any primer but the PCR primers 
E) poly(
A) oligonucleotides 
A) both PCR primers 
B) randomly generated primers 
C) one,but only one,of the PCR primers 
D) any primer but the PCR primers 
E) poly(
A) oligonucleotides

Question 13

How do enzymes like trypsin release cells from tissues to create preparations of single cells?

Accepted Answer

A) The enzymes digest extracellular domains of proteins that mediate cell adhesion. 
B) The enzymes digest intracellular domains of proteins that mediate cell adhesion. 
C) The enzymes digest intracellular domains of proteins that mediate cytoskeletal function. 
D) The enzymes digest extracellular domains of proteins that mediate cytoskeletal function. 
E) The enzymes digest extracellular domains of proteins that mediate endocytosis. 
A) The enzymes digest extracellular domains of proteins that mediate cell adhesion. 
B) The enzymes digest intracellular domains of proteins that mediate cell adhesion. 
C) The enzymes digest intracellular domains of proteins that mediate cytoskeletal function. 
D) The enzymes digest extracellular domains of proteins that mediate cytoskeletal function. 
E) The enzymes digest extracellular domains of proteins that mediate endocytosis.

Question 14

When a cell is growing on a culture dish,what is the word that refers to the lower surface of the cell facing toward the substratum?

Accepted Answer

A) anterior 
B) dorsal 
C) posterior 
D) ventral 
E) caudal 
A) anterior 
B) dorsal 
C) posterior 
D) ventral 
E) caudal

Question 15

What happens to the solution viscosity after DNA has been released into it by treating nuclei with a buffered saline solution containing SDS?

Accepted Answer

A) It increases markedly. 
B) It decreases markedly. 
C) There is no change. 
D) There is an increase followed by a rapid decrease. 
E) There is a decrease followed by fluctuating increases. 
A) It increases markedly. 
B) It decreases markedly. 
C) There is no change. 
D) There is an increase followed by a rapid decrease. 
E) There is a decrease followed by fluctuating increases.

Question 16

In the molecular beacon procedure for quantifying a DNA or RNA template,what role does the quencher play?

Accepted Answer

A) It enhances fluorochrome fluorescence. 
B) It suppresses fluorochrome fluorescence. 
C) It inhibits exonuclease activity. 
D) It enhances exonuclease activity. 
E) It enhances endonuclease activity. 
A) It enhances fluorochrome fluorescence. 
B) It suppresses fluorochrome fluorescence. 
C) It inhibits exonuclease activity. 
D) It enhances exonuclease activity. 
E) It enhances endonuclease activity.

Question 17

How are DNA molecules fragmented during sequencing procedures?

Accepted Answer

A) by acid hydrolysis 
B) by basic condensation 
C) using restriction enzymes 
D) using DNA polymerase I 
E) by sonicating the sample 
A) by acid hydrolysis 
B) by basic condensation 
C) using restriction enzymes 
D) using DNA polymerase I 
E) by sonicating the sample

Question 18

Why does the S value alone not provide a measure of molecular mass?

Accepted Answer

A) It is too difficult to measure. 
B) The speed with which a particle travels through a liquid column is not uniform. 
C) The velocity at which a particle moves through a liquid column depends on a number of factors,including shape. 
D) The velocity of movement accelerates as the particle approaches the bottom of the tube. 
E) The velocity of movement slows up as the particle approaches the top of the tube. 
A) It is too difficult to measure. 
B) The speed with which a particle travels through a liquid column is not uniform. 
C) The velocity at which a particle moves through a liquid column depends on a number of factors,including shape. 
D) The velocity of movement accelerates as the particle approaches the bottom of the tube. 
E) The velocity of movement slows up as the particle approaches the top of the tube.

Question 19

Which form of radiation is equivalent to a helium atom nucleus?

Accepted Answer

A) an alpha particle 
B) a delta particle 
C) a beta particle 
D) gamma radiation 
E) an omega particle 
A) an alpha particle 
B) a delta particle 
C) a beta particle 
D) gamma radiation 
E) an omega particle

Question 20

A culture system in which cells are grown in a three-dimensional matrix consisting of synthetic and/or natural extracellular materials is called a ______.

Accepted Answer

A) three-dimensional culture system 
B) two-dimensional culture system 
C) matrix culture system 
D) secondary culture system 
E) organic culture system 
A) three-dimensional culture system 
B) two-dimensional culture system 
C) matrix culture system 
D) secondary culture system 
E) organic culture system

During the cloning procedure,what is the purpose of inserting genes into a bacterium that give it resistance to antibiotics?

Most proteins have an isoelectric point ________ 7.

When specimens are air-dried,what causes the damage that the tissues suffer?

What is the result of treating the full complement of genomic DNA with low concentrations of restriction enzymes under conditions in which most of the susceptible sites are not cleaved?

What does the change in field direction in pulsed field electrophoresis accomplish?

Where is RNA found after the ethanol precipitation step in the DNA isolation procedure?

How can a researcher visualize all of the DNA fragments present in an electrophoresis gel?

Which method combines PCR with the Sanger-Coulson sequencing method and is widely used in genome sequencing?

What is the significance of the varying porosity of gel filtration media?

How are double-stranded hybrids released from hydroxylapatite columns?

If the template in the cycle sequencing method is a PCR product,what is generally used as a primer?

How do enzymes like trypsin release cells from tissues to create preparations of single cells?

When a cell is growing on a culture dish,what is the word that refers to the lower surface of the cell facing toward the substratum?

What happens to the solution viscosity after DNA has been released into it by treating nuclei with a buffered saline solution containing SDS?

In the molecular beacon procedure for quantifying a DNA or RNA template,what role does the quencher play?

How are DNA molecules fragmented during sequencing procedures?

Why does the S value alone not provide a measure of molecular mass?

Which form of radiation is equivalent to a helium atom nucleus?

A culture system in which cells are grown in a three-dimensional matrix consisting of synthetic and/or natural extracellular materials is called a ______.

Introduction to the Study of Cell and Molecular Biology

The Chemical Basis of Life

Bioenergetics, Enzymes, and Metabolism

The Structure and Function of the Plasma Membrane

Aerobic Respiration and the Mitochondrion

Photosynthesis and the Chloroplast

Interactions Between Cells and Their Environment

Cytoplasmic Membrane Systems: Structure, Function, and Membrane Trafficking

The Cytoskeleton and Cell Motility

The Nature of the Gene and the Genome

Gene Expression: From Transcription to Translation

Control of Gene Expression

Dna Replication and Repair

Cellular Reproduction

Cell Signaling and Signal Transduction: Communication Between Cells

Cancer

The Immune Response

Filters

Exam 18: Techniques in Cell and Molecular Biology

During the cloning procedure,what is the purpose of inserting genes into a bacterium that give it resistance to antibiotics?

Most proteins have an isoelectric point ________ 7.

When specimens are air-dried,what causes the damage that the tissues suffer?

What is the result of treating the full complement of genomic DNA with low concentrations of restriction enzymes under conditions in which most of the susceptible sites are not cleaved?

What does the change in field direction in pulsed field electrophoresis accomplish?

Where is RNA found after the ethanol precipitation step in the DNA isolation procedure?

How can a researcher visualize all of the DNA fragments present in an electrophoresis gel?

Which method combines PCR with the Sanger-Coulson sequencing method and is widely used in genome sequencing?

What is the significance of the varying porosity of gel filtration media?

How are double-stranded hybrids released from hydroxylapatite columns?

If the template in the cycle sequencing method is a PCR product,what is generally used as a primer?

How do enzymes like trypsin release cells from tissues to create preparations of single cells?

When a cell is growing on a culture dish,what is the word that refers to the lower surface of the cell facing toward the substratum?

What happens to the solution viscosity after DNA has been released into it by treating nuclei with a buffered saline solution containing SDS?

In the molecular beacon procedure for quantifying a DNA or RNA template,what role does the quencher play?

How are DNA molecules fragmented during sequencing procedures?

Why does the S value alone not provide a measure of molecular mass?

Which form of radiation is equivalent to a helium atom nucleus?

A culture system in which cells are grown in a three-dimensional matrix consisting of synthetic and/or natural extracellular materials is called a ______.

Introduction to the Study of Cell and Molecular Biology

The Chemical Basis of Life

Bioenergetics, Enzymes, and Metabolism

The Structure and Function of the Plasma Membrane

Aerobic Respiration and the Mitochondrion

Photosynthesis and the Chloroplast

Interactions Between Cells and Their Environment

Cytoplasmic Membrane Systems: Structure, Function, and Membrane Trafficking

The Cytoskeleton and Cell Motility

The Nature of the Gene and the Genome

Gene Expression: From Transcription to Translation

Control of Gene Expression

Dna Replication and Repair

Cellular Reproduction

Cell Signaling and Signal Transduction: Communication Between Cells

Cancer

The Immune Response

Filters