Question 1

Tay-Sachs disease

Accepted Answer

A)  causes an accumulation of lipids in brain cells. 
B)  involves damage to liver cells. 
C)  is due to the absence of an enzyme that digests polysaccharides. 
D)  prevents the breakdown of glycogen. 
A)  causes an accumulation of lipids in brain cells. 
B)  involves damage to liver cells. 
C)  is due to the absence of an enzyme that digests polysaccharides. 
D)  prevents the breakdown of glycogen. A

Question 2

Unlike animal cells, plant cells have ________ and ________. Unlike plant cells, animal cells have ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  chloroplasts; cell walls; centrioles 
B)  centrioles; chloroplasts; cell walls 
C)  chloroplasts; cell walls; a nucleus 
D)  centrioles; cell walls; large central vacuoles 
A)  chloroplasts; cell walls; centrioles 
B)  centrioles; chloroplasts; cell walls 
C)  chloroplasts; cell walls; a nucleus 
D)  centrioles; cell walls; large central vacuoles A

Question 3

As cell size increases, the

Accepted Answer

A)  volume and surface area decrease. 
B)  volume increases proportionally more than the surface area. 
C)  surface area increases proportionally more than the volume. 
D)  ratio of surface area to volume stays the same. 
A)  volume and surface area decrease. 
B)  volume increases proportionally more than the surface area. 
C)  surface area increases proportionally more than the volume. 
D)  ratio of surface area to volume stays the same. B

Question 4

Your throat is dry, and you want the last cough drop in the box to last a long time in your mouth. What should you do?

Accepted Answer

A)  Break the cough drop into little pieces and put them all in your mouth. Since each little piece must be dissolved separately, the drop will last longer. 
B)  Keep the cough drop whole. This maintains the largest surface-to-volume ratio and slows the dissolution of the cough drop. 
C)  Break the cough drop into little pieces and put them all in your mouth. This decreases the surface-to-volume ratio and slows the dissolution of the cough drop. 
D)  It doesn't matter if the cough drop is in one piece or many pieces; the total amount of cough drop is all that matters. 
A)  Break the cough drop into little pieces and put them all in your mouth. Since each little piece must be dissolved separately, the drop will last longer. 
B)  Keep the cough drop whole. This maintains the largest surface-to-volume ratio and slows the dissolution of the cough drop. 
C)  Break the cough drop into little pieces and put them all in your mouth. This decreases the surface-to-volume ratio and slows the dissolution of the cough drop. 
D)  It doesn't matter if the cough drop is in one piece or many pieces; the total amount of cough drop is all that matters.

Question 5

GPCRs are receptor proteins found in the plasma membrane that are important for cellular communication. What cellular structure makes GPCRs?

Accepted Answer

A)  the smooth endoplasmic reticulum 
B)  the rough endoplasmic reticulum 
C)  Golgi apparatus 
D)  mitochondria 
A)  the smooth endoplasmic reticulum 
B)  the rough endoplasmic reticulum 
C)  Golgi apparatus 
D)  mitochondria

Question 6

Much of the intracellular structure of a eukaryote cell is involved in protein synthesis. The accompanying figure shows the amounts of protein in cells at different parts of the cell cycle between two cell divisions. G1 is a stage just after the cell has divided, and G2 is the stage just before the cell divides again. S is a stage when the cell is synthesizing material such as DNA, mitochondria, and other organelles.
-The data show that

Accepted Answer

A)  at any given time there are more cells in G2 than G1. 
B)  protein used in G1 is recycled to produce protein in S. 
C)  not all cells at any given stage have the same amount of protein. 
D)  protein levels in cells remain constant throughout the cell cycle. 
A)  at any given time there are more cells in G2 than G1. 
B)  protein used in G1 is recycled to produce protein in S. 
C)  not all cells at any given stage have the same amount of protein. 
D)  protein levels in cells remain constant throughout the cell cycle.

Question 7

The function of chloroplasts is

Accepted Answer

A)  cellular respiration. 
B)  lipid synthesis. 
C)  photosynthesis. 
D)  intracellular digestion. 
A)  cellular respiration. 
B)  lipid synthesis. 
C)  photosynthesis. 
D)  intracellular digestion.

Question 8

A drug that interferes with microtubule formation is likely to completely disrupt

Accepted Answer

A)  the amoeboid motion of a cell. 
B)  the function of lysosomes. 
C)  contraction of muscle cells. 
D)  the movements of sperm cells. 
A)  the amoeboid motion of a cell. 
B)  the function of lysosomes. 
C)  contraction of muscle cells. 
D)  the movements of sperm cells.

Question 9

Which of the following statements about lysosomes is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lysosomes help to digest worn-out or damaged organelles. 
B)  Lysosomes synthesize proteins from the recycled amino acids. 
C)  Lysosomes fuse with food vacuoles to expose nutrients to lysosomal enzymes. 
D)  Lysosomes destroy harmful bacteria engulfed by white blood cells. 
A)  Lysosomes help to digest worn-out or damaged organelles. 
B)  Lysosomes synthesize proteins from the recycled amino acids. 
C)  Lysosomes fuse with food vacuoles to expose nutrients to lysosomal enzymes. 
D)  Lysosomes destroy harmful bacteria engulfed by white blood cells.

Question 10

A cell is exposed to a substance that prevents it from dividing. The cell becomes larger and larger. This situation

Accepted Answer

A)  should present no problem to the cell, since it can continue to perform all other necessary functions. 
B)  should present no problem to the cell, because the surface area of the cell will increase as the volume of the cell increases. 
C)  will eventually be problematic, since the cell's ability to absorb nutrients through its outer membrane will not increase as quickly as its cytoplasmic needs. 
D)  should be beneficial, since the cell will be able to divert the ATP normally used for cell division to other processes. 
A)  should present no problem to the cell, since it can continue to perform all other necessary functions. 
B)  should present no problem to the cell, because the surface area of the cell will increase as the volume of the cell increases. 
C)  will eventually be problematic, since the cell's ability to absorb nutrients through its outer membrane will not increase as quickly as its cytoplasmic needs. 
D)  should be beneficial, since the cell will be able to divert the ATP normally used for cell division to other processes.

Question 11

A woman is having trouble becoming pregnant. Examination of her partner's sperm indicates that dynein feet are missing from the flagella in his sperm cells. A physician explains that this could interfere with fertility by

Accepted Answer

A)  preventing the sperm from attaching to the egg cell. 
B)  preventing the sperm from swimming to the egg cell. 
C)  preventing the sperm from producing enough energy to power swimming. 
D)  interfering with the attachment of the flagella to the sperm. 
A)  preventing the sperm from attaching to the egg cell. 
B)  preventing the sperm from swimming to the egg cell. 
C)  preventing the sperm from producing enough energy to power swimming. 
D)  interfering with the attachment of the flagella to the sperm.

Question 12

A bacterial cell's DNA is found in its

Accepted Answer

A)  ribosomes. 
B)  nucleus. 
C)  nucleoid. 
D)  capsule. 
A)  ribosomes. 
B)  nucleus. 
C)  nucleoid. 
D)  capsule.

Question 13

A basal body is

Accepted Answer

A)  composed of nine microtubule triplets surrounding a central pair of microtubules. 
B)  similar in structure to centrioles. 
C)  composed of nine microtubule doublets surrounding a central pair of microtubules. 
D)  identical in structure to cilia. 
A)  composed of nine microtubule triplets surrounding a central pair of microtubules. 
B)  similar in structure to centrioles. 
C)  composed of nine microtubule doublets surrounding a central pair of microtubules. 
D)  identical in structure to cilia.

Question 14

Insulin is a protein that is produced by pancreatic cells and secreted into the bloodstream. Which of the following options correctly lists the order of the structures through which insulin passes from its production to its exit from the cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  rough ER, transport vesicles, Golgi apparatus, transport vesicles, cell membrane 
B)  rough ER, lysosomes, transport vesicles, cell membrane 
C)  rough ER, Golgi apparatus, smooth ER, cell membrane 
D)  rough ER, transport vesicles, Golgi apparatus, vacuole, cell membrane 
A)  rough ER, transport vesicles, Golgi apparatus, transport vesicles, cell membrane 
B)  rough ER, lysosomes, transport vesicles, cell membrane 
C)  rough ER, Golgi apparatus, smooth ER, cell membrane 
D)  rough ER, transport vesicles, Golgi apparatus, vacuole, cell membrane

Question 15

Dynein feet

Accepted Answer

A)  are present in cilia but not in flagella. 
B)  are knobs of carbohydrate that are essential to the movement of cilia and flagella. 
C)  are found on microtubules in cilia and flagella and cause movement by grabbing and pulling at adjacent microtubule doublets. 
D)  are the anchoring proteins in basal bodies. 
A)  are present in cilia but not in flagella. 
B)  are knobs of carbohydrate that are essential to the movement of cilia and flagella. 
C)  are found on microtubules in cilia and flagella and cause movement by grabbing and pulling at adjacent microtubule doublets. 
D)  are the anchoring proteins in basal bodies.

Question 16

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Accepted Answer

A)  stores calcium ions in muscle cells. 
B)  is the major site of carbohydrate synthesis in eukaryotic cells. 
C)  produces proteins for cell membranes. 
D)  helps assemble ribosomes for protein synthesis. 
A)  stores calcium ions in muscle cells. 
B)  is the major site of carbohydrate synthesis in eukaryotic cells. 
C)  produces proteins for cell membranes. 
D)  helps assemble ribosomes for protein synthesis.

Question 17

Much of the intracellular structure of a eukaryote cell is involved in protein synthesis. The accompanying figure shows the amounts of protein in cells at different parts of the cell cycle between two cell divisions. GS1U1B11S1U1B0 is a stage just after the cell has divided, and GS1U1B12S1U1B0 is the stage just before the cell divides again. S is a stage when the cell is synthesizing material such as DNA, mitochondria, and other organelles.
-The protein measured in the cells was likely synthesized by

Accepted Answer

A)  mitochondria. 
B)  the nucleolus. 
C)  the smooth endoplasmic reticulum. 
D)  ribosomes. 
A)  mitochondria. 
B)  the nucleolus. 
C)  the smooth endoplasmic reticulum. 
D)  ribosomes.

Question 18

Which of the following statements about internal membranes in eukaryotic cells is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  In eukaryotic cells, internal membranes greatly increase a cell's total membrane area. 
B)  In eukaryotic cells, internal membranes provide an additional area for many metabolic processes to occur. 
C)  In eukaryotic cells, internal membranes form membranous compartments called organelles. 
D)  In eukaryotic cells, internal membranes standardize the internal environment of all cellular organelles. 
A)  In eukaryotic cells, internal membranes greatly increase a cell's total membrane area. 
B)  In eukaryotic cells, internal membranes provide an additional area for many metabolic processes to occur. 
C)  In eukaryotic cells, internal membranes form membranous compartments called organelles. 
D)  In eukaryotic cells, internal membranes standardize the internal environment of all cellular organelles.

Question 19

Skin cells are fastened into strong sheets by

Accepted Answer

A)  basal bodies. 
B)  anchoring junctions. 
C)  tight junctions. 
D)  gap junctions. 
A)  basal bodies. 
B)  anchoring junctions. 
C)  tight junctions. 
D)  gap junctions.

Question 20

________ cells lack a membrane-enclosed nucleus.

Accepted Answer

A)  Plant 
B)  Prokaryotic 
C)  Eukaryotic 
D)  Fungal 
A)  Plant 
B)  Prokaryotic 
C)  Eukaryotic 
D)  Fungal

Exam 4: A Tour of the Cell

Tay-Sachs disease

Unlike animal cells, plant cells have ________ and ________. Unlike plant cells, animal cells have ________.

As cell size increases, the

Your throat is dry, and you want the last cough drop in the box to last a long time in your mouth. What should you do?

GPCRs are receptor proteins found in the plasma membrane that are important for cellular communication. What cellular structure makes GPCRs?

The function of chloroplasts is

A drug that interferes with microtubule formation is likely to completely disrupt

Which of the following statements about lysosomes is false?

A cell is exposed to a substance that prevents it from dividing. The cell becomes larger and larger. This situation

A woman is having trouble becoming pregnant. Examination of her partner's sperm indicates that dynein feet are missing from the flagella in his sperm cells. A physician explains that this could interfere with fertility by

A bacterial cell's DNA is found in its

A basal body is

Insulin is a protein that is produced by pancreatic cells and secreted into the bloodstream. Which of the following options correctly lists the order of the structures through which insulin passes from its production to its exit from the cell?

Dynein feet

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Which of the following statements about internal membranes in eukaryotic cells is false?

Skin cells are fastened into strong sheets by

________ cells lack a membrane-enclosed nucleus.

Biology: Exploring Life

The Chemical Basis of Life

The Molecules of Cells

The Working Cell

How Cells Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Using Light to Make Food

The Cellular Basis of Reproduction and Inheritance

Patterns of Inheritance

Molecular Biology of the Gene

How Genes Are Controlled

DNA Technology and Genomics

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

Tracing Evolutionary History

Microbial Life: Prokaryotes and Protists

The Evolution of Plant and Fungal Diversity

The Evolution of Invertebrate Diversity

The Evolution of Vertebrate Diversity

Unifying Concepts of Animal Structure and Function

Nutrition and Digestion

Gas Exchange

Circulation

The Immune System

Control of Body Temperature and Water Balance

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Reproduction and Embryonic Development

Nervous Systems

The Senses

How Animals Move

Plant Structure, Growth, and Reproduction

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Control Systems in Plants

The Biosphere: an Introduction to Earths Diverse Environments

Behavioral Adaptations to the Environment

Population Ecology

Communities and Ecosystems

Conservation Biology

Filters

Unlike animal cells, plant cells have and . Unlike plant cells, animal cells have .