Exam 16: Microbial Life: Prokaryotes and Protists

Protists include

A negative impact of biofilms in the human body is that biofilms can cause head and neck diseases. A study was completed that compared three groups of medical patients for presence or absence of biofilms. Group 1 were patients with chronic otitis media (COM), a disease where the eardrum continually drains and can often become clogged, that also displayed ear discharge. Group 2 were COM patients without ear discharge. Group 3 were patients undergoing surgery for cochlear implantation, a procedure where a small electronic instrument is placed in the ear to carry out normal functions of the inner ear. Two microscopy methods were used to detect presence of biofilms in all patients of both groups: direct microscopy (DM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The table below shows the results of presence or absence of biofilms in all study participants. Table 1. Number of study participants detected with biofilms Group Group Size Biofilm on DM Biofilm on TEM 1 COM, discharge 10 10 10 2 COM no discharge 9 2 2 3 B cochlear implant 10 0 0 Total 29 12 12 Source: Adapted from Akyıldız, I., Take, G., Uygur, K., Kızıl, Y., & Aydil, U. (2013). Bacterial biofilm formation in the middle-ear mucosa of chronic otitis media patients. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 557-561. doi:10.1007/s12070-012-0513-x -Which group served as the control group in the experiment?

Traditional microbial genomics and cultivation methods have given scientists access to approximately 1% of microbial genetic diversity. This is because most microbes cannot be grown up, or cultured, on petri dishes. Which scientific field would allow scientists to have a much greater access to an environment's genetic resources?

Which statement about archaea is false?

In what way does the green alga Ulva resemble land plants?

You are studying a mini-ecosystem that you created from samples of lake water, plants, and sediment. Your teacher tells you to drop about 10 sesame seeds on the top of the water because they will attract some interesting organisms. One week later, you see that the seeds are surrounded by white fuzz that is extending off of the seeds, and you conclude that the decomposing seeds have been colonized by

If you place an organism classified as a photoautotroph at the bottom of a lake and later see that it is able to acquire nutrients from dead plant material, you can conclude the photoautotroph is actually a

Kelp, a seaweed that is anchored to the seafloor by rootlike structures and can grow to heights of 60 m, is a kind of

-Which stage of the life cycle of Ulva shown is the sporophyte?

The use of prokaryotes and other organisms to clean up pollutants from soil, air, or water is called

An unknown bacterial species is recovered from a sick patient's digestive tract. It has a membrane outside the cell wall that contains toxic lipids. This observation indicates that

Two diseases that represent high-priority threats as biological weapons today are

Prokaryotes are classified into

A negative impact of biofilms in the human body is that biofilms can cause head and neck diseases. A study was completed that compared three groups of medical patients for presence or absence of biofilms. Group 1 were patients with chronic otitis media (COM), a disease where the eardrum continually drains and can often become clogged, that also displayed ear discharge. Group 2 were COM patients without ear discharge. Group 3 were patients undergoing surgery for cochlear implantation, a procedure where a small electronic instrument is placed in the ear to carry out normal functions of the inner ear. Two microscopy methods were used to detect presence of biofilms in all patients of both groups: direct microscopy (DM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The table below shows the results of presence or absence of biofilms in all study participants. Table 1. Number of study participants detected with biofilms Group Group Size Biofilm on DM Biofilm on TEM 1 COM, discharge 10 10 10 2 COM no discharge 9 2 2 3 B cochlear implant 10 0 0 Total 29 12 12 Source: Adapted from Akyıldız, I., Take, G., Uygur, K., Kızıl, Y., & Aydil, U. (2013). Bacterial biofilm formation in the middle-ear mucosa of chronic otitis media patients. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 557-561. doi:10.1007/s12070-012-0513-x -What can you conclude from the study?

When hermit crabs crawl across the ocean floor, they often have sea anemones attached to their backs. The anemones use their dangerous tentacles to keep hermit crab predators at bay, and they dine on the particles of food that the crab does not eat. This is an example of

The bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa produces a protein that is secreted into its environment. The protein inhibits synthesis of elongation factor 2 (another protein) in humans. This effect may sound dangerous, but it has been considered as a possible treatment for hepatitis B. The protein produced by P. aeruginosa is a(n)

Plasmodial slime molds

The famous pink-colored sand of Bermuda's beaches is due to crushed shells of ________, marine organisms with tests (porous shells) made of organic material hardened by calcium carbonate.

-How do you characterize SAR, Excavata, Unikonta, and Archaeplastida?

Which of the following causes food poisoning?