Exam 13: How Populations Evolve

Female Preference Male Courtship Redness of Fish \# Score Behavior Male Throat (0-3) (\# per mimute) (0-10) 1 0 1.75 5.00 2 0 0.28 5.00 3 0 0.00 7.00 4 0 0.74 5.00 5 0 0.11 3.00 6 0 1.20 4.00 7 0 0.28 6.50 8 0 0.49 5.50 9 0 1.55 6.50 10 1 2.57 7.50 11 1 6.48 7.00 12 1 1.89 7.50 13 1 0.48 5.00 14 1 0.14 8.00 15 1 8.04 7.50 16 1 0.38 7.50 17 1 3.81 8.00 18 2 8.23 8.00 19 2 10.00 6.50 20 2 11.07 6.00 21 2 1.87 6.50 22 3 3.30 6.00 23 3 12.93 7.00 24 3 12.72 7.50 -The data in the accompanying table are from an experiment seeking to determine why some male fish attract more females than others. A scientist scored females' preference for particular males from 0 (low) to 3 (high), the number of zig-zag courtship dances the males did for each female, and the intensity of the color of the male's throat, a trait that generally indicates sexual maturity. Which hypothesis is supported by the data in the table?

According to this figure, which pair of organisms shares the most recent common ancestor?

Which of the following statements would Darwin have disagreed with?

Broccoli, cabbages, and Brussels sprouts all descend from the same wild mustard and can still interbreed. These varieties were produced by

The change in curves in the graph represents

Which of the following would most quickly be eliminated by natural selection?

Tay-Sachs is inherited as an autosomal recessive allele. Homozygous individuals die within the first few years of life. However, there is some evidence that heterozygous individuals are more resistant to tuberculosis. Which of the following statements about Tay-Sachs is true?

In a large population of plants, notches in the leaves are caused by a dominant allele N and lack of notches by a recessive allele n. Over many generations the proportion of plants in the population with notched leaves increases. What is the most likely cause?

A farmer decides to go into the business of raising trout for tourists who enjoy fishing. She builds six trout ponds and stocks each of them with trout from genetically identical stock. Her friends tell her that because she started each pond with just a few trout, she has created a bottleneck effect and her trout populations are likely to become genetically different rapidly. Which of the following statements about her trout is likely true?

A population is

Some butterflies can ingest toxic chemicals from the milkweed plants they feed on and then can store those chemicals in their body. Because toxins stored in the butterflies are toxic to birds, the birds avoid eating the butterflies. Which of the following is the best explanation for this situation?

Large antlers in male elk, which are used for battles between males, are a good example of a trait favored by

Genetic drift resulting from a disaster that drastically reduces population size is called

A rabbit population consists of animals that are either very dark on top or very light on top. The color pattern is not related to sex. No rabbit shows intermediate coloration (medium darkness). This pattern might result from

Which of the following disciplines has found evidence for evolution based on the native distributions (locations) of living species?

Which of the following statements regarding natural selection is false?

What evidence is used to determine the branching sequence of an evolutionary tree?

Thirty people are selected for a long-term mission to colonize a planet many light-years away from Earth. The mission is successful, and the population rapidly grows to several hundred individuals. However, certain genetic diseases are unusually common in this group, and the group's gene pool is quite different from that of the Earth population they have left behind. Which of the following phenomena has left its mark on this population?

In populations of the greater prairie chicken in Illinois, genetic diversity was lost through

Which of the following will tend to produce adaptive changes in populations?