Question 1

Which of the following is not a major activity of the stomach?

Accepted Answer

A)  storage 
B)  HCl production 
C)  nutrient absorption 
D)  enzyme secretion 
A)  storage 
B)  HCl production 
C)  nutrient absorption 
D)  enzyme secretion D

Question 2

The molar teeth of herbivorous mammals are especially effective at

Accepted Answer

A)  cutting. 
B)  ripping. 
C)  grinding. 
D)  crushing. 
A)  cutting. 
B)  ripping. 
C)  grinding. 
D)  crushing. C

Question 3

A fasting animal whose energy needs exceed those provided in its diet draws on its stored resources in which order?

Accepted Answer

A)  fat, then glycogen, then protein 
B)  glycogen, then protein, then fat 
C)  liver glycogen, then muscle glycogen, then fat 
D)  muscle glycogen, then fat, then liver glycogen 
E)  fat, then protein, then glycogen 
A)  fat, then glycogen, then protein 
B)  glycogen, then protein, then fat 
C)  liver glycogen, then muscle glycogen, then fat 
D)  muscle glycogen, then fat, then liver glycogen 
E)  fat, then protein, then glycogen C

Question 4

Constipation can result from the consumption of a substance that

Accepted Answer

A)  contains plenty of fiber. 
B)  promotes water reabsorption in the large intestine. 
C)  speeds up movement of material in the large intestine. 
D)  decreases water reabsorption in the small intestine. 
E)  stimulates peristalsis. 
A)  contains plenty of fiber. 
B)  promotes water reabsorption in the large intestine. 
C)  speeds up movement of material in the large intestine. 
D)  decreases water reabsorption in the small intestine. 
E)  stimulates peristalsis.

Question 5

A group of animals in which a relatively long cecum is likely to be found is the

Accepted Answer

A)  carnivores. 
B)  herbivores. 
C)  autotrophs. 
D)  heterotrophs. 
E)  omnivores. 
A)  carnivores. 
B)  herbivores. 
C)  autotrophs. 
D)  heterotrophs. 
E)  omnivores.

Question 6

If you were to jog 1 km a few hours after lunch, which stored fuel would you probably tap?

Accepted Answer

A)  muscle proteins 
B)  muscle and liver glycogen 
C)  fat in the liver 
D)  fat in adipose tissue 
A)  muscle proteins 
B)  muscle and liver glycogen 
C)  fat in the liver 
D)  fat in adipose tissue

Question 7

Please use the following information to answer the question(s) below.
Once a person turns 25 years of age, the person's BMR decreases by approximately 2-6% every ten years. This is due to the fact that as one ages, muscle mass decreases and fat levels increase. These changes decrease BMR and therefore the amount of calories one's body burns at rest.
-If a person wants to stay the same weight between ten-year periods without changing his activity level, what action should he take?

Accepted Answer

A)  He needs to raise his daily calorie intake by 2-6% every ten years. 
B)  He needs to maintain his daily calorie intake. 
C)  He needs to increase his essential amino acid daily intake and decrease his essential fatty acid daily intake. 
D)  He needs to maintain his essential vitamin daily intake and increase his daily caloric intake. 
E)  He needs to lower his daily calorie intake by the same amount. 
A)  He needs to raise his daily calorie intake by 2-6% every ten years. 
B)  He needs to maintain his daily calorie intake. 
C)  He needs to increase his essential amino acid daily intake and decrease his essential fatty acid daily intake. 
D)  He needs to maintain his essential vitamin daily intake and increase his daily caloric intake. 
E)  He needs to lower his daily calorie intake by the same amount.

Question 8

Omega-3 and omega-6 essential fatty acids are readily available in leafy green plants. What is one way to ensure that animals raised for commercial purposes have enough of these fatty acids in their diets such that fatty acid supplementation is not needed?

Accepted Answer

A)  Regularly check the health of the livestock's teeth to ensure that they can efficiently grind plants. 
B)  Allow the livestock adequate environment for natural grazing. 
C)  Regularly test for the presence of symbiotic bacteria in the gut of the livestock. 
D)  Reduce the amount of calcium that the livestock intake daily. 
E)  Increase the amount of phosphorus that the livestock intake daily. 
A)  Regularly check the health of the livestock's teeth to ensure that they can efficiently grind plants. 
B)  Allow the livestock adequate environment for natural grazing. 
C)  Regularly test for the presence of symbiotic bacteria in the gut of the livestock. 
D)  Reduce the amount of calcium that the livestock intake daily. 
E)  Increase the amount of phosphorus that the livestock intake daily.

Question 9

Glandular secretions that are released initially as inactive precursors of digestive enzymes are the

Accepted Answer

A)  protein-digesting enzymes. 
B)  fat-solubilizing bile salts. 
C)  acid-neutralizing bicarbonate. 
D)  carbohydrate-digesting enzymes. 
E)  hormones such as gastrin. 
A)  protein-digesting enzymes. 
B)  fat-solubilizing bile salts. 
C)  acid-neutralizing bicarbonate. 
D)  carbohydrate-digesting enzymes. 
E)  hormones such as gastrin.

Question 10

An enzyme with high activity in an acidic environment is

Accepted Answer

A)  amylase. 
B)  pepsin. 
C)  gastrin. 
D)  trypsin. 
E)  sucrose. 
A)  amylase. 
B)  pepsin. 
C)  gastrin. 
D)  trypsin. 
E)  sucrose.

Question 11

Use the following table showing the contents of a multivitamin supplement and its percentage of recommended daily values (% DV) to answer the following question(s).   Figure 33.1
-A mineral that is especially important for preventing anemia, a disease in which there are not enough healthy red bloods cells available to bring enough oxygen to body tissues, is

Accepted Answer

A)  zinc. 
B)  iron. 
C)  iodine. 
D)  molybdenum. 
E)  folic acid. 
A)  zinc. 
B)  iron. 
C)  iodine. 
D)  molybdenum. 
E)  folic acid.

Question 12

The large surface area in the small intestine directly facilitates

Accepted Answer

A)  secretion. 
B)  absorption. 
C)  elimination. 
D)  filtration 
E)  temperature regulation. 
A)  secretion. 
B)  absorption. 
C)  elimination. 
D)  filtration 
E)  temperature regulation.

Question 13

Cattle are able to survive on a diet consisting almost entirely of plant material because

Accepted Answer

A)  they are autotrophic. 
B)  cattle, like rabbits, re-ingest their feces. 
C)  they manufacture all 15 amino acids out of sugars in the liver. 
D)  cattle saliva has enzymes capable of digesting cellulose. 
E)  they have cellulose-digesting, mutualistic microorganisms in chambers of their stomachs. 
A)  they are autotrophic. 
B)  cattle, like rabbits, re-ingest their feces. 
C)  they manufacture all 15 amino acids out of sugars in the liver. 
D)  cattle saliva has enzymes capable of digesting cellulose. 
E)  they have cellulose-digesting, mutualistic microorganisms in chambers of their stomachs.

Question 14

Animals that migrate great distances would obtain the greatest energetic benefit from storing chemical energy as

Accepted Answer

A)  proteins. 
B)  minerals. 
C)  carbohydrates. 
D)  amino acids. 
E)  fats. 
A)  proteins. 
B)  minerals. 
C)  carbohydrates. 
D)  amino acids. 
E)  fats.

Question 15

The richest source of stored chemical energy in the body is

Accepted Answer

A)  fat in adipose tissue. 
B)  glucose in the blood. 
C)  protein in muscle cells. 
D)  glycogen in muscle cells. 
E)  calcium phosphate in bone. 
A)  fat in adipose tissue. 
B)  glucose in the blood. 
C)  protein in muscle cells. 
D)  glycogen in muscle cells. 
E)  calcium phosphate in bone.

Question 16

A main difference between organisms with simple body plans and those with complex body plans is that

Accepted Answer

A)  animals with simple body plans have digestive tubes with two openings, whereas organisms with complex body plans have a digestive compartment with one opening. 
B)  animals with simple body plans have a digestive compartment with one opening, whereas organisms with complex body plans have digestive tubes with two openings. 
C)  animals with simple body plans have digestive tubes with specialized compartments, whereas animals with complex body plans do not. 
D)  animals with simple body plans can ingest food while earlier meals are still being digested, whereas animals with complex body plans cannot. 
E)  animals with simple body plans eliminate undigested food via an anus, whereas animals with complex body plans eliminate undigested food via a mouth. 
A)  animals with simple body plans have digestive tubes with two openings, whereas organisms with complex body plans have a digestive compartment with one opening. 
B)  animals with simple body plans have a digestive compartment with one opening, whereas organisms with complex body plans have digestive tubes with two openings. 
C)  animals with simple body plans have digestive tubes with specialized compartments, whereas animals with complex body plans do not. 
D)  animals with simple body plans can ingest food while earlier meals are still being digested, whereas animals with complex body plans cannot. 
E)  animals with simple body plans eliminate undigested food via an anus, whereas animals with complex body plans eliminate undigested food via a mouth.

Question 17

A person diagnosed with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI) does not have the digestive enzymes that are needed to adequately digest fats, proteins, and carbohydrates. What would be a likely consequence of this medical condition?

Accepted Answer

A)  weight gain 
B)  weight loss 
C)  dilated hepatic portal vein 
D)  increased rate of peristalsis 
E)  increased bile production 
A)  weight gain 
B)  weight loss 
C)  dilated hepatic portal vein 
D)  increased rate of peristalsis 
E)  increased bile production

Question 18

Obesity in humans is most clearly linked to

Accepted Answer

A)  type 1 diabetes and prostate cancer. 
B)  type 1 diabetes and breast cancer. 
C)  type 2 diabetes and muscle hypertrophy. 
D)  type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. 
E)  type 2 diabetes and decreased appetite. 
A)  type 1 diabetes and prostate cancer. 
B)  type 1 diabetes and breast cancer. 
C)  type 2 diabetes and muscle hypertrophy. 
D)  type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. 
E)  type 2 diabetes and decreased appetite.

Question 19

Pepsin is a digestive enzyme that

Accepted Answer

A)  is manufactured by the pancreas. 
B)  helps stabilize fat-water emulsions. 
C)  splits maltose into monosaccharides. 
D)  begins the hydrolysis of proteins in the stomach. 
E)  is denatured and rendered inactive in solutions with low pH. 
A)  is manufactured by the pancreas. 
B)  helps stabilize fat-water emulsions. 
C)  splits maltose into monosaccharides. 
D)  begins the hydrolysis of proteins in the stomach. 
E)  is denatured and rendered inactive in solutions with low pH.

Question 20

The mammalian trachea and esophagus both connect to the

Accepted Answer

A)  large intestine. 
B)  stomach. 
C)  pharynx. 
D)  rectum. 
A)  large intestine. 
B)  stomach. 
C)  pharynx. 
D)  rectum.

Exam 33: Animal Nutrition

Which of the following is not a major activity of the stomach?

The molar teeth of herbivorous mammals are especially effective at

A fasting animal whose energy needs exceed those provided in its diet draws on its stored resources in which order?

Constipation can result from the consumption of a substance that

A group of animals in which a relatively long cecum is likely to be found is the

If you were to jog 1 km a few hours after lunch, which stored fuel would you probably tap?

Omega-3 and omega-6 essential fatty acids are readily available in leafy green plants. What is one way to ensure that animals raised for commercial purposes have enough of these fatty acids in their diets such that fatty acid supplementation is not needed?

Glandular secretions that are released initially as inactive precursors of digestive enzymes are the

An enzyme with high activity in an acidic environment is

The large surface area in the small intestine directly facilitates

Cattle are able to survive on a diet consisting almost entirely of plant material because

Animals that migrate great distances would obtain the greatest energetic benefit from storing chemical energy as

The richest source of stored chemical energy in the body is

A main difference between organisms with simple body plans and those with complex body plans is that

A person diagnosed with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI) does not have the digestive enzymes that are needed to adequately digest fats, proteins, and carbohydrates. What would be a likely consequence of this medical condition?

Obesity in humans is most clearly linked to

Pepsin is a digestive enzyme that

The mammalian trachea and esophagus both connect to the

Introduction: Evolution and the Foundations of Biology

The Chemical Context of Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Transport and Cell Signaling

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Development, Stem Cells, and Cancer

Viruses

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent With Modification

Phylogeny

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

Broad Patterns of Evolution

Early Life and the Diversification of Prokaryotes

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

The Colonization of Land by Plants and Fungi

The Rise of Animal Diversity

Plant Structure and Growth

Resource Acquisition, Nutrition, and Transport in Vascular Plants

Reproduction and Domestication of Flowering Plants

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Homeostasis and Endocrine Signaling

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Reproduction and Development

Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling

Nervous and Sensory Systems

Motor Mechanisms and Behavior

Population Ecology and the Distribution of Organisms

Species Interactions

Ecosystems and Energy

Global Ecology and Conservation Biology

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