Question 1

The phenomenon of escalation of commitment refers to an increased commitment to a previous decision despite evidence that it may have been wrong.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

The ________ describes how decision makers fixate on initial information as a starting point and then,once set,fail to adequately adjust for subsequent information.

Accepted Answer

A) anchoring effect 
B) selective perception effect 
C) confirmation bias 
D) framing bias 
A) anchoring effect 
B) selective perception effect 
C) confirmation bias 
D) framing bias

Question 3

Managing Your Career (Scenario)
Michelle has a new job and is learning to perform the tasks assigned to her.Different situations demand different decision-making processes.
-Michelle eventually finds a problem that has no cut-and-dry solution.The problem is unique and is unlikely to occur again.This problem is ________ in nature.

Accepted Answer

A) structured 
B) programmed 
C) scheduled 
D) nonprogrammed 
A) structured 
B) programmed 
C) scheduled 
D) nonprogrammed

Question 4

Unstructured problems ________.

Accepted Answer

A) refer to the usual problems faced by organizations 
B) are generally solved using procedures,rules,and policies 
C) are accompanied by ambiguous or incomplete information 
D) do not require the decision maker to go through an involved decision process 
A) refer to the usual problems faced by organizations 
B) are generally solved using procedures,rules,and policies 
C) are accompanied by ambiguous or incomplete information 
D) do not require the decision maker to go through an involved decision process

Question 5

Define intuitive decision making and identify the five different aspects of intuition.

Accepted Answer

Intuitive decision making is the process

Question 6

The ________ occurs when decision makers select and highlight certain aspects of a situation while excluding others.

Accepted Answer

A) framing bias 
B) availability bias 
C) representation bias 
D) randomness bias 
A) framing bias 
B) availability bias 
C) representation bias 
D) randomness bias

Question 7

After identifying a problem,the next step in the decision-making process is ________.

Accepted Answer

A) identifying decision criteria 
B) allocating weights to decision criteria 
C) analyzing alternatives 
D) developing alternatives 
A) identifying decision criteria 
B) allocating weights to decision criteria 
C) analyzing alternatives 
D) developing alternatives

Question 8

________ results in a solution that is considered "good enough."

Accepted Answer

A) Escalating 
B) Linear thinking 
C) Intuition 
D) Satisficing 
A) Escalating 
B) Linear thinking 
C) Intuition 
D) Satisficing

Question 9

Toby is hunting for a new apartment.He is specifically looking for one that is located in the heart of the city and should be available for $600 per month.However,Toby is also willing to pay up to $850 per month for a place that is situated slighted away from the city center.According to him,the second option "will also do." This is an example of ________.

Accepted Answer

A) rational decision making 
B) bounded rationality 
C) intuitive decision making 
D) non linear thinking 
A) rational decision making 
B) bounded rationality 
C) intuitive decision making 
D) non linear thinking

Question 10

Explain any six decision errors and biases that managers make.

Accepted Answer

a.When decision makers tend to think the

Question 11

________ are straightforward,familiar,and easily defined.

Accepted Answer

A) Organic problems 
B) Structured problems 
C) Analogous problems 
D) Nonprogrammed problems 
A) Organic problems 
B) Structured problems 
C) Analogous problems 
D) Nonprogrammed problems

Question 12

The ________ thinking style is characterized by a person's preference for using external data and facts and processing this information through rational,logical thinking to guide decisions and actions.

Accepted Answer

A) linear 
B) normative 
C) behavioral 
D) organic 
A) linear 
B) normative 
C) behavioral 
D) organic

Question 13

The manager of an apparel store estimates how much to order for the current spring season based on last spring's sales figures.The store manager is operating under which of the following decision-making conditions?

Accepted Answer

A) surety 
B) risk 
C) homogeneity 
D) certainty 
A) surety 
B) risk 
C) homogeneity 
D) certainty

Question 14

A procedure ________.

Accepted Answer

A) is an explicit statement that tells a manager what can or cannot be done 
B) is a series of sequential steps a manager uses to respond to a structured problem 
C) is used mainly for unstructured,rather than structured,problems 
D) is subject to the interpretation of the decision maker 
A) is an explicit statement that tells a manager what can or cannot be done 
B) is a series of sequential steps a manager uses to respond to a structured problem 
C) is used mainly for unstructured,rather than structured,problems 
D) is subject to the interpretation of the decision maker

Question 15

Once the alternatives to solving a problem have been identified,the next step in the decision-making process is selecting one of these alternatives.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Briefly discuss the assumptions of rationality and the validity of those assumptions.

Accepted Answer

A decision maker who is perfectly ration

Question 17

Intuitive decision making ________.

Accepted Answer

A) is the systematic use of the best available evidence to improve decision making practice 
B) generally results in poor decisions and hence managers should learn to ignore their gut feelings 
C) is the process of making decisions based on experience,feelings,and accumulated judgment 
D) complements rational decision making but not bounded rational decision making 
A) is the systematic use of the best available evidence to improve decision making practice 
B) generally results in poor decisions and hence managers should learn to ignore their gut feelings 
C) is the process of making decisions based on experience,feelings,and accumulated judgment 
D) complements rational decision making but not bounded rational decision making

Question 18

The Car (Scenario)
Colleen is a student,and her older brother has loaned her an old car.The car is in need of several repairs before she will feel comfortable driving it.
-Before talking to a repair person,Colleen needs to prioritize the repairs.Her first concern is safety of the vehicle.This step in the decision-making process is called ________.

Accepted Answer

A) weighting the decision criteria 
B) analyzing alternatives 
C) identifying the decision criteria 
D) evaluating decision effectiveness 
A) weighting the decision criteria 
B) analyzing alternatives 
C) identifying the decision criteria 
D) evaluating decision effectiveness

Question 19

After identifying the decision criteria that are important or relevant to resolving a problem,the next step in the decision-making process is ________.

Accepted Answer

A) allocating weights to the criteria 
B) analyzing the alternatives to solving the problem 
C) reducing the number of criteria through the process of elimination 
D) implementing the alternative 
A) allocating weights to the criteria 
B) analyzing the alternatives to solving the problem 
C) reducing the number of criteria through the process of elimination 
D) implementing the alternative

Question 20

When decision makers tend to think they know more than they do or hold unrealistically positive views of themselves and their performance,they are exhibiting the ________.

Accepted Answer

A) selective perception bias 
B) the anchoring effect 
C) self-serving bias 
D) overconfidence bias 
A) selective perception bias 
B) the anchoring effect 
C) self-serving bias 
D) overconfidence bias

The phenomenon of escalation of commitment refers to an increased commitment to a previous decision despite evidence that it may have been wrong.

The ________ describes how decision makers fixate on initial information as a starting point and then,once set,fail to adequately adjust for subsequent information.

Unstructured problems ________.

Define intuitive decision making and identify the five different aspects of intuition.

The ________ occurs when decision makers select and highlight certain aspects of a situation while excluding others.

After identifying a problem,the next step in the decision-making process is ________.

________ results in a solution that is considered "good enough."

Explain any six decision errors and biases that managers make.

________ are straightforward,familiar,and easily defined.

The ________ thinking style is characterized by a person's preference for using external data and facts and processing this information through rational,logical thinking to guide decisions and actions.

The manager of an apparel store estimates how much to order for the current spring season based on last spring's sales figures.The store manager is operating under which of the following decision-making conditions?

A procedure ________.

Once the alternatives to solving a problem have been identified,the next step in the decision-making process is selecting one of these alternatives.

Briefly discuss the assumptions of rationality and the validity of those assumptions.

Intuitive decision making ________.

After identifying the decision criteria that are important or relevant to resolving a problem,the next step in the decision-making process is ________.

When decision makers tend to think they know more than they do or hold unrealistically positive views of themselves and their performance,they are exhibiting the ________.

Management and Organizations

Understanding Management: Constraints and Challenges

Managing in a Global Environment

Managing Diversity

Managing Social Responsibility and Ethics

Managing Change and Innovation

Foundations of Planning

Strategic Management

Managerial Controls

Basic Organizational Design

Adaptive Organizational Design

Managing Human Resources

Managing Teams

Understanding Individual Behavior

Managers and Communication

Motivating Employees

Managers As Leaders

Filters

Exam 6: Managers As Decision Makers

The phenomenon of escalation of commitment refers to an increased commitment to a previous decision despite evidence that it may have been wrong.

The ________ describes how decision makers fixate on initial information as a starting point and then,once set,fail to adequately adjust for subsequent information.

Unstructured problems ________.

Define intuitive decision making and identify the five different aspects of intuition.

The ________ occurs when decision makers select and highlight certain aspects of a situation while excluding others.

After identifying a problem,the next step in the decision-making process is ________.

________ results in a solution that is considered "good enough."

Explain any six decision errors and biases that managers make.

________ are straightforward,familiar,and easily defined.

The ________ thinking style is characterized by a person's preference for using external data and facts and processing this information through rational,logical thinking to guide decisions and actions.

The manager of an apparel store estimates how much to order for the current spring season based on last spring's sales figures.The store manager is operating under which of the following decision-making conditions?

A procedure ________.

Once the alternatives to solving a problem have been identified,the next step in the decision-making process is selecting one of these alternatives.

Briefly discuss the assumptions of rationality and the validity of those assumptions.

Intuitive decision making ________.

After identifying the decision criteria that are important or relevant to resolving a problem,the next step in the decision-making process is ________.

When decision makers tend to think they know more than they do or hold unrealistically positive views of themselves and their performance,they are exhibiting the ________.

Management and Organizations

Understanding Management: Constraints and Challenges

Managing in a Global Environment

Managing Diversity

Managing Social Responsibility and Ethics

Managing Change and Innovation

Foundations of Planning

Strategic Management

Managerial Controls

Basic Organizational Design

Adaptive Organizational Design

Managing Human Resources

Managing Teams

Understanding Individual Behavior

Managers and Communication

Motivating Employees

Managers As Leaders

Filters