Exam 8: Photosynthesis: Using Sunlight to Build Carbohydrates

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Electrons from water are transported through the photosystems and photosynthetic electron transport chain and are ultimately used to reduce NADP+ to NADPH. At what point do the electrons have the greatest amount of potential energy?

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Not all photosynthetic organisms are plants, but one thing they all have in common is that they can only be found within a narrow temperature and moisture range.

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The synthesis of ATP in the chloroplast by ATP synthase depends on the presence of different concentrations of protons in the lumen of the thylakoid and in the stroma. Compare these two compartments of the chloroplast in terms of both actual proton concentration and pH scale values.

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The products of the Calvin cycle are used to assemble larger sugars in the:

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Suppose a mutation caused photosystem I to function at only 10 percent of its normal capacity. Which of the following would you predict would happen?

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Reactive oxygen species are detoxified in order to:

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Which one of the following is part of the preparatory phase of glycolysis?

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With the endosymbiotic hypothesis in mind, what structure within modern-day chloroplasts is likely derived from the plasma membrane of ancestral cyanobacteria that took up residence within a eukaryotic cell?

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Rubisco can function as either a carboxylase or an oxygenase.

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Low temperatures slow the activity of rubisco but enhance its ability to select CO2 over O2. Low temperatures thus:

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Which of the following is responsible for the transport of electrons between photosystem II and photosystem I?

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Photorespiration in chloroplasts differs from cellular respiration in mitochondria in that:

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The only known "solution" to the loss of efficiency caused by the oxygenation of RuBP by rubisco is to raise the concentration of CO2 in the cell using energy from ATP. Which of the following is MOST correct of such plants?

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It is thought that the evolution of two photosystems from one likely involved:

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In plants and algae, _____ is the source of the electrons needed for photosynthesis.

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It is possible that the earliest reaction centers used light energy to drive the movement of electrons from an electron donor in the surrounding medium to an electron acceptor within the cell.

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Review the experiment illustrated in Fig. 8.6. Based on the result of Experiment #2 and on what you know about photosynthesis, draw the 2D chromatography pattern that would be observed if the cells treated with 14CO2 had been allowed to remain in culture for a longer period of time before they were put in the boiling alcohol. Label the dot(s) appropriately on your drawing using the labels in Fig. 8.6 as a reference. Review the experiment illustrated in Fig. 8.6. Based on the result of Experiment #2 and on what you know about photosynthesis, draw the 2D chromatography pattern that would be observed if the cells treated with <sup>14</sup>CO<sub>2</sub> had been allowed to remain in culture for a longer period of time before they were put in the boiling alcohol. Label the dot(s) appropriately on your drawing using the labels in Fig. 8.6 as a reference.

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Some bacteria carry out a type of photosynthesis that uses H2S in place of H2O. Assuming that the process is otherwise similar to green plant photosynthesis, which of the following could represent the overall reaction?

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Which of the following lowers the efficiency of plants' conversion of sunlight into chemical energy?

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Rubisco is characterized by:

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