Question 1

_____ relieves the tension on the double helix during DNA replication.

Accepted Answer

A) Helicase 
B) Topoisomerase 
C) DNA polymerase 
D) A single-stranded binding protein 
E) An RNA primer 
A) Helicase 
B) Topoisomerase 
C) DNA polymerase 
D) A single-stranded binding protein 
E) An RNA primer B

Question 2

During DNA replication, the leading strand contains Okazaki fragments.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 3

Transformation is the process where DNA is extracted from a plasmid.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 4

Two closely related DNA sequences renature at higher temperatures than two DNA sequences that are not as closely related.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

One characteristic of restriction enzymes is that they cut:

Accepted Answer

A) single-stranded DNA strands at specific sites. 
B) double-stranded DNA strands at specific sites. 
C) single-stranded DNA strands at random sites. 
D) double-stranded DNA strands at random sites. 
E) DNA fragments generated by gel electrophoresis. 
A) single-stranded DNA strands at specific sites. 
B) double-stranded DNA strands at specific sites. 
C) single-stranded DNA strands at random sites. 
D) double-stranded DNA strands at random sites. 
E) DNA fragments generated by gel electrophoresis.

Question 6

Consider the end of a DNA strand in a double-stranded molecule that has become shorter as a result of DNA replication. This same end will be shortened still further in:

Accepted Answer

A) every round of DNA replication. 
B) alternate rounds of DNA replication. 
C) every third round of DNA replication. 
D) every fourth round of DNA replication. 
A) every round of DNA replication. 
B) alternate rounds of DNA replication. 
C) every third round of DNA replication. 
D) every fourth round of DNA replication.

Question 7

Synthesis of nucleic acids always occurs in the 5' F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 3' direction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Which of the following make(s) amplification of a DNA fragment by means of the polymerase chain reaction possible?

Accepted Answer

A) Complementary single-stranded nucleic acid sequences can come together to form a duplex molecule. 
B) Duplex nucleic acid molecules can be separated by size by means of electrophoresis. 
C) A restriction enzyme cleaves duplex DNA molecules only at the positions of certain short sequences constituting the enzyme's restrictions site. 
D) DNA polymerase elongates a growing DNA strand by the addition of successive deoxynuclotides to the 3' end. 
E) DNA ligase is an enzyme that can join the ends of single-stranded DNA molecules. 
A) Complementary single-stranded nucleic acid sequences can come together to form a duplex molecule. 
B) Duplex nucleic acid molecules can be separated by size by means of electrophoresis. 
C) A restriction enzyme cleaves duplex DNA molecules only at the positions of certain short sequences constituting the enzyme's restrictions site. 
D) DNA polymerase elongates a growing DNA strand by the addition of successive deoxynuclotides to the 3' end. 
E) DNA ligase is an enzyme that can join the ends of single-stranded DNA molecules.

Question 9

If a restriction enzyme has a cleavage site consisting of six nucleotide pairs, what is the chance that six adjacent nucleotides in a random sequence of double-stranded DNA will match the restriction site?

Accepted Answer

A) (1/2)4 = 1/16 
B) (1/2)6 = 1/64 
C) (1/4)4 = 1/256 
D) (1/4)6 = 1/4096 
A) (1/2)4 = 1/16 
B) (1/2)6 = 1/64 
C) (1/4)4 = 1/256 
D) (1/4)6 = 1/4096

Question 10

When we say that DNA replication is semiconservative, we mean that:

Accepted Answer

A) only half of an organism's DNA is replicated during each cell division. 
B) when DNA is replicated, each new double helix contains one parental strand and one newly synthesized daughter strand. 
C) when DNA is replicated, one double helix contains both parental strands and one contains two newly synthesized daughter strands. 
D) parental DNA stays in the parent cell and daughter DNA ends up in the daughter cell. 
E) None of the other answer options is correct. 
A) only half of an organism's DNA is replicated during each cell division. 
B) when DNA is replicated, each new double helix contains one parental strand and one newly synthesized daughter strand. 
C) when DNA is replicated, one double helix contains both parental strands and one contains two newly synthesized daughter strands. 
D) parental DNA stays in the parent cell and daughter DNA ends up in the daughter cell. 
E) None of the other answer options is correct.

Question 11

Why do bacteria produce restriction enzymes?

Accepted Answer

A) They are important in DNA replication. 
B) They are involved in the identification of the bacterium's DNA. 
C) They are involved in defense against viruses. 
D) They serve no function in bacteria and are just used as a molecular tool by scientists. 
A) They are important in DNA replication. 
B) They are involved in the identification of the bacterium's DNA. 
C) They are involved in defense against viruses. 
D) They serve no function in bacteria and are just used as a molecular tool by scientists.

Question 12

One method for changing the DNA sequence of a gene in its original location in the cell uses a type of RNA known as:

Accepted Answer

A) TOASTR. 
B) CRISPR. 
C) FRYR. 
D) CHANGR. 
E) None of the answer options is correct. 
A) TOASTR. 
B) CRISPR. 
C) FRYR. 
D) CHANGR. 
E) None of the answer options is correct.

Question 13

A eukaryotic chromosome has _____ origin(s) of replication, and a bacterial chromosome has _____ origin(s) of replication.

Accepted Answer

A) one; one 
B) many; one 
C) one; many 
D) many; two 
E) many; three 
A) one; one 
B) many; one 
C) one; many 
D) many; two 
E) many; three

Question 14

In the technique of DNA editing by means of CIRSPR, the purpose of the editing template DNA is to serve as a:

Accepted Answer

A) template for CRISPR RNA. 
B) targeting guide for CRISPR-associated protein. 
C) targeting guide to direct DNA cleavage. 
D) template for repair of target DNA. 
E) None of the answer options is correct. 
A) template for CRISPR RNA. 
B) targeting guide for CRISPR-associated protein. 
C) targeting guide to direct DNA cleavage. 
D) template for repair of target DNA. 
E) None of the answer options is correct.

Question 15

The presence of Okazaki fragments demonstrates the antiparallel nature of the double helix.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

You carry out a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to amplify a particular sequence of DNA from a solution that initially contains exactly one double-stranded molecule containing the sequence. After 30 cycles of PCR, how many copies of the sequence are present?

Accepted Answer

The answer of You carry out a polymerase chain reaction...

Question 17

A daughter strand of DNA produced during chromosome replication can be composed of leading and lagging strands from different replication bubbles.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Suppose you carry out a DNA-editing experiment using CRISPR in which the editing template DNA has strands labeled with the heavy nitrogen isotope 15N. The experiment is carried out in the presence of the normal light isotope 14N. Then the expected isotope content of the strands in the edited region of the target DNA would be:

Accepted Answer

A) both strands labeled with 15N. 
B) both strands labeled with 14N. 
C) one strand labeled with 14N and the other with 15N. 
D) None of the answer options is correct. 
A) both strands labeled with 15N. 
B) both strands labeled with 14N. 
C) one strand labeled with 14N and the other with 15N. 
D) None of the answer options is correct.

Question 19

Which of the following enzymes is responsible for unwinding the double helix at the replication fork?

Accepted Answer

A) ligase 
B) DNA polymerase 
C) primase 
D) helicase 
E) topoisomerase 
A) ligase 
B) DNA polymerase 
C) primase 
D) helicase 
E) topoisomerase

Question 20

The role of dideoxynucleotides in Sanger sequencing is the:

Accepted Answer

A) removal of specific bases from DNA. 
B) termination of DNA synthesis at specific bases. 
C) addition of specifically labeled phosphates to the DNA. 
D) detection of protons during DNA synthesis. 
E) inhibition of restriction enzyme activity. 
A) removal of specific bases from DNA. 
B) termination of DNA synthesis at specific bases. 
C) addition of specifically labeled phosphates to the DNA. 
D) detection of protons during DNA synthesis. 
E) inhibition of restriction enzyme activity.

Exam 12: Dna Replication and Manipulation

_____ relieves the tension on the double helix during DNA replication.

During DNA replication, the leading strand contains Okazaki fragments.

Transformation is the process where DNA is extracted from a plasmid.

Two closely related DNA sequences renature at higher temperatures than two DNA sequences that are not as closely related.

One characteristic of restriction enzymes is that they cut:

Consider the end of a DNA strand in a double-stranded molecule that has become shorter as a result of DNA replication. This same end will be shortened still further in:

Synthesis of nucleic acids always occurs in the 5'  3' direction.

Which of the following make(s) amplification of a DNA fragment by means of the polymerase chain reaction possible?

If a restriction enzyme has a cleavage site consisting of six nucleotide pairs, what is the chance that six adjacent nucleotides in a random sequence of double-stranded DNA will match the restriction site?

When we say that DNA replication is semiconservative, we mean that:

Why do bacteria produce restriction enzymes?

One method for changing the DNA sequence of a gene in its original location in the cell uses a type of RNA known as:

A eukaryotic chromosome has _____ origin(s) of replication, and a bacterial chromosome has _____ origin(s) of replication.

In the technique of DNA editing by means of CIRSPR, the purpose of the editing template DNA is to serve as a:

The presence of Okazaki fragments demonstrates the antiparallel nature of the double helix.

You carry out a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to amplify a particular sequence of DNA from a solution that initially contains exactly one double-stranded molecule containing the sequence. After 30 cycles of PCR, how many copies of the sequence are present?

A daughter strand of DNA produced during chromosome replication can be composed of leading and lagging strands from different replication bubbles.

Which of the following enzymes is responsible for unwinding the double helix at the replication fork?

The role of dideoxynucleotides in Sanger sequencing is the:

Life: Chemical, Cellular, and Evolutionary Foundations

The Molecules of Life

Nucleic Acids and Transcription

Translation and Protein Structure

Organizing Principles: Lipids, Membranes, and Cell Compartments

Making Life Work: Capturing and Using Energy

Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Energy From Carbohydrates and Other Fuel Molecules

Photosynthesis: Using Sunlight to Build Carbohydrates

Cell Signaling

Cell and Tissue Architecture: Cytoskeleton, Cell Junctions, and Extracellular Matrix

Cell Division: Variations, Regulation, and Cancer

Genomes

Mutation and Dna Repair

Genetic Variation

Mendelian Inheritance

Inheritance of Sex Chromosomes, Linked Genes, and Organelles

The Genetic and Environmental Basis of Complex Traits

Genetic and Epigenetic Regulation

Genes and Development

Evolution: How Genotypes and Phenotypes Change Over Time

Species and Speciation

Evolutionary Patterns: Phylogeny and Fossils

Human Origins and Evolution

Cycling Carbon

Bacteria and Archaea

Eukaryotic Cells: Origins and Diversity

Being Multicellular

Plant Structure and Function: Moving Photosynthesis Onto Land

Plant Reproduction: Finding Mates and Dispersing Young

Plant Growth and Development

Plant Defense: Keeping the World Green

Plant Diversity

Fungi: Structure, Function, and Diversity

Animal Nervous Systems

Animal Sensory Systems and Brain Function

Animal Movement: Muscles and Skeletons

Animal Endocrine Systems

Animal Cardiovascular and Respiratory Systems

Animal Metabolism, Nutrition, and Digestion

Animal Renal Systems: Water and Waste

Animal Reproduction and Development

Animal Immune Systems

Animal Diversity

Animal Behavior

Population Ecology

Species Interactions, Communities, and Ecosystems

Biomes and Global Ecology

The Anthropocene: Humans As a Planetary Force

Filters

A eukaryotic chromosome has _ origin(s) of replication, and a bacterial chromosome has _ origin(s) of replication.