Exam 5: Organizing Principles: Lipids, Membranes, and Cell Compartments

Suppose you are studying the transport of a certain polar molecule across the plasma membrane of cells in culture. Over a period of time, you measure the concentration of a polar molecule inside and outside of the cells. You find that the concentration of the molecule is higher in the cell and is gradually increasing. You also measure the ATP concentration inside the cell and find that it is decreasing. Which of the following is probably responsible for the transport of this polar substance into the cell?

A bacterial cell, a plant cell, and an animal cell have which of the following structures in common?

The lipid components of cellular membranes often include:

Mitochondria and chloroplasts are integral parts of the endomembrane system and are specifically connected to the endoplasmic reticulum.

The plasma membranes of some plant cells use transport proteins to move protons out of the cell against their concentration gradient. This is an example of:

Which way does the water move if the cell is in a hypotonic environment?

Where are ribosomes found inside a cell?

A researcher is comparing the genetic sequences of chloroplasts and certain cyanobacteria. What will she likely find?

What factors are required for net movement of a substance to occur by facilitated diffusion?

Figure 5.2 shows a common biological phospholipid called phosphatidyl choline. Which of the following is NOT a component of phosphatidyl choline?

When physicians perform organ transplants, they make sure that there is a match between the donor (the person donating the organ) and the recipient (the person receiving the organ). What feature of the cell is being matched?

If cells had single-layer membranes like micelles, how would the structures of transmembrane proteins be affected?

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding cytosol?

Which of the following statements about mitochondria is TRUE?

The active maintenance of a constant internal environment is referred to as:

RNA molecules are transported from the nucleus to the cytoplasm in eukaryotes through:

Which of the following have cell walls?

During the translation of mRNA molecules, the new polypeptides are often directed to specific parts of the cell by the presence or absence of short sequences of amino acids called signal peptides. Which of the following would you expect to find in the polypeptides that will eventually fold to become enzymes important in photosynthesis, such as NADP⁺ reductase?

The Golgi apparatus is responsible for at least a portion of a eukaryote's:

What is the function of the contractile vacuole?