Exam 6: Perception and Individual Decision Making

Since attribution theory was developed largely based on experiments with US and Western European workers,one should use caution in making attribution theory predictions in non-Western societies,especially in countries with strong collectivist traditions.

________ is the tendency to draw a general impression about an individual based on a single characteristic such as intelligence,sociability or appearance.

All rational decision makers can be expected to identify and select the same problems to solve.

Janice is late for work each day by about 10 minutes.This behaviour exhibits:

When we judge someone on the basis of our perception of the group to which he or she belongs,we are using the shortcut called:

Utilitarianism is most preferred by:

Which of the following is an example of externally caused behaviour?

An individual's place in the interview schedule may affect the interviewer's evaluation of the applicant.This example illustrates the halo effect.

Discuss why organisational constraints are necessary to the organisation.

Selective perception occurs because it is impossible for us to assimilate everything we see.

Researchers have found that women spend more time than men analysing the past,the present and the future.

You are the manager of a development group in a large computer software company.You have decided that it is important for your group to understand the many ways that ethical decisions can be made and you are designing a training program on the subject of ethics. You will probably teach the ________ criterion because it is the decision criterion that currently dominates business decision making.

Internally caused behaviours are those that are believed to be under the personal control of the individual.

Which of the following is NOT a bias in decision making?

______________ requires us to interpret and evaluate information.

Interviewers make perceptual judgments that:

When a manager expects only minimal performance from his workers,there is the possibility that the workers will meet those low expectations.This is known as a self-fulfilling prophecy.

Personal characteristics of the individual perceiver include all of the following EXCEPT:

You are on a team with two individuals who are difficult.The work has been divided among the three of you and each time your team meets,Janet and Jim disagree about the progress of the team project.Janet is convinced that Jim's lack of progress is because he is inherently lazy and not because of some overwhelming problem with the project itself. Assuming that Jim's explanation about his lack of progress is correct,how might you explain Janet's assessment of Jim's behaviour?

What is the self-fulfilling prophecy?