Exam 9: Introduction to Metabolism

Some endergonic reactions can be made to proceed forward if they are coupled to hydrolysis of one or more of the phosphates of ATP.

The Michaelis constant (Km) of an enzyme is the substrate concentration that produces maximum velocity.

The __________ __________ is the substrate concentration needed for an enzyme to achieve half maximal velocity.

Each enzyme normally has specific pH and temperature optima at which they function best.

In allosteric regulation, effector molecules usually bind

Which of the following is used as an electron carrier by living organisms?

If all available enzyme molecules are binding substrate and converting it to produce as rapidly as possible, the reaction is said to be proceeding at __________ velocity.

In order for the cell to be able to input energy into necessary endergonic reactions, energy-generating processes such as photosynthesis, fermentation, and respiration are used to produce __________.

When the amount of enzyme present is held constant, the rate of a reaction will continue to increase as long as the substrate concentration increases.

A reaction in which the forward rate is equal to the reverse rate is said to be at __________.

Enzymes are usually named based on

One important ribozyme located in mitochondria is responsible for catalyzing peptide bond formation during protein synthesis.

__________ is a measure of the randomness or disorder of a system.

The numerical value of the free energy change indicates how fast a reaction will reach equilibrium.

The substrate of an enzyme binds at the

In a branched pathway with many end products, an abundance of one of the end products will usually inhibit

RNA molecules that have catalytic activity are known as ____________.

For the reaction A + B $\rightarrow$ C + D, the equilibrium constant (Keq) is defined as

The most commonly used practical form of energy used in cells is adenosine diphosphate.

The electron transport chain is based on the principle that redox couples with more positive reduction potentials will donate electrons to couples with more negative potentials.