Question 1

Which of the following statements about punishment is not true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Punishment does not always work. 
B)  Effective punishment is consistent punishment. 
C)  The effectiveness of punishment depends primarily on its force. 
D)  Effective punishment is swift punishment. 
A)  Punishment does not always work. 
B)  Effective punishment is consistent punishment. 
C)  The effectiveness of punishment depends primarily on its force. 
D)  Effective punishment is swift punishment.

Question 2

In Bandura's classic study of children exposed to a film of an adult model hitting an inflated doll, both the children who saw the model rewarded and the children who saw the model punished ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  imitated the aggressive behavior they had seen 
B)  performed equally aggressively in a free play situation 
C)  learned nothing about the capacity to be aggressive 
D)  refused to behave aggressively in a free play situation 
A)  imitated the aggressive behavior they had seen 
B)  performed equally aggressively in a free play situation 
C)  learned nothing about the capacity to be aggressive 
D)  refused to behave aggressively in a free play situation

Question 3

Each of the following is true of biofeedback except ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  it can be used to help people control their brain waves 
B)  it does not work for everyone 
C)  learning biofeedback techniques is quick, simple, and easy 
D)  it has become a well-established treatment for a variety of medical problems 
A)  it can be used to help people control their brain waves 
B)  it does not work for everyone 
C)  learning biofeedback techniques is quick, simple, and easy 
D)  it has become a well-established treatment for a variety of medical problems

Question 4

In Bandura's classic (1965) study of children exposed to a film of an adult hitting an inflated doll, children who saw the model ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  punished performed more aggressively in a free play situation than children who saw the model rewarded 
B)  rewarded performed more aggressively in a free play situation than children who saw the model punished 
C)  punished learned to be more aggressive than children who saw the model rewarded 
D)  rewarded learned to be more aggressive than children who saw the model punished 
A)  punished performed more aggressively in a free play situation than children who saw the model rewarded 
B)  rewarded performed more aggressively in a free play situation than children who saw the model punished 
C)  punished learned to be more aggressive than children who saw the model rewarded 
D)  rewarded learned to be more aggressive than children who saw the model punished

Question 5

In operant conditioning, ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  continuous reinforcement leads to behaviors that will persist longer than behavior learned through partial or intermittent reinforcement 
B)  both continuous reinforcement and partial or intermittent reinforcement lead to behaviors that persist for equally long periods of time 
C)  neither partial nor continuous reinforcement leads to behaviors that will persist for long periods of time 
D)  partial or intermittent reinforcement leads to behaviors that will persist longer than behavior learned through continuous reinforcement 
A)  continuous reinforcement leads to behaviors that will persist longer than behavior learned through partial or intermittent reinforcement 
B)  both continuous reinforcement and partial or intermittent reinforcement lead to behaviors that persist for equally long periods of time 
C)  neither partial nor continuous reinforcement leads to behaviors that will persist for long periods of time 
D)  partial or intermittent reinforcement leads to behaviors that will persist longer than behavior learned through continuous reinforcement

Question 6

The self-modification step in which one focuses on the behavior to be acquired rather than the behaviors to be eliminated is called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  identifying the target behavior 
B)  imprinting 
C)  preparedness 
D)  a response set 
A)  identifying the target behavior 
B)  imprinting 
C)  preparedness 
D)  a response set

Question 7

On a variable-ratio schedule, reinforcement is given for the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  next correct response after a fixed number of responses have occurred 
B)  first correct response after varying amounts of time have passed 
C)  first correct response after a fixed amount of time has passed 
D)  next correct response after a varying number of responses have occurred 
A)  next correct response after a fixed number of responses have occurred 
B)  first correct response after varying amounts of time have passed 
C)  first correct response after a fixed amount of time has passed 
D)  next correct response after a varying number of responses have occurred

Question 8

Thorndike was known for his work with ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  a Skinner box 
B)  a puzzle box 
C)  monkeys 
D)  modeling 
A)  a Skinner box 
B)  a puzzle box 
C)  monkeys 
D)  modeling

Question 9

The idea that a behavior will increase or decrease based on the consequences that follow that behavior is crucial to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  operant conditioning 
B)  insight learning 
C)  vicarious learning 
D)  classical conditioning 
A)  operant conditioning 
B)  insight learning 
C)  vicarious learning 
D)  classical conditioning

Question 10

Which of the following is true of research on insight?

Accepted Answer

A)  Researchers have proven that all creatures, even one-celled organisms such as the amoeba, are capable of insight learning. 
B)  Researchers have found that only human beings are capable of insight learning. 
C)  Researchers have found that under proper circumstances even lower animals, such as pigeons, are capable of insight learning. 
D)  Researchers have found that only higher animals, such as humans and apes, are capable of insight learning. 
A)  Researchers have proven that all creatures, even one-celled organisms such as the amoeba, are capable of insight learning. 
B)  Researchers have found that only human beings are capable of insight learning. 
C)  Researchers have found that under proper circumstances even lower animals, such as pigeons, are capable of insight learning. 
D)  Researchers have found that only higher animals, such as humans and apes, are capable of insight learning.

Question 11

Discuss the requirements for punishment to be effective as well as the dangers and limitations of using punishment to change behavior. Also, describe the role that avoidance training plays in using punishment to change behavior.

Accepted Answer

Effective punishment requires several ke

Question 12

In partial reinforcement, the rule for determining when and how often reinforcers will be delivered is called a ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  reinforcement map 
B)  response-to-reinforcement guide 
C)  schedule of reinforcement 
D)  token economy 
A)  reinforcement map 
B)  response-to-reinforcement guide 
C)  schedule of reinforcement 
D)  token economy

Question 13

A dog, taught to salivate to the sound of a buzzer, learned that the buzzer was no longer followed by food and stopped salivating to the buzzer. If the the buzzer was again paired with food after a few weeks, the dog would probably ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  not salivate 
B)  salivate 
C)  require only one trial pairing of the buzzer and the food to reestablish the association and begin salivating to the buzzer again 
D)  salivate only if the buzzer was dissimilar to the one on which it was conditioned 
A)  not salivate 
B)  salivate 
C)  require only one trial pairing of the buzzer and the food to reestablish the association and begin salivating to the buzzer again 
D)  salivate only if the buzzer was dissimilar to the one on which it was conditioned

Question 14

The 5-year-old child of two very busy parents has been throwing tantrums. Whenever the child gets angry or upset, one or both of his parents immediately come to his side and fuss over and cajole him. Nevertheless, his tantrums do not diminish. In fact, they seem to occur more often. We may assume that for this child his parents' fussing over him serves as a(n) ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  unconditioned response 
B)  positive reinforcer 
C)  punisher 
D)  negative reinforcer 
A)  unconditioned response 
B)  positive reinforcer 
C)  punisher 
D)  negative reinforcer

Question 15

A young man's fiancé calls at 11:00 p.m. every night. As the usual time for the call approaches, he looks at the phone more and more frequently. His phone-looking is being reinforced according to a ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  fixed-ratio schedule 
B)  variable-ratio 
C)  fixed-interval schedule 
D)  variable-interval 
A)  fixed-ratio schedule 
B)  variable-ratio 
C)  fixed-interval schedule 
D)  variable-interval

Question 16

Describe Kohler's and Harlow's research on insight and learning sets. What conclusions can be drawn from this research regarding animals' abilities to learn?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe Kohler's and Harlow's research on insight...

Question 17

Learning a positive behavior that prevents an undesirable situation from occurring is called ________ training.

Accepted Answer

A)  reconditioning 
B)  aversive 
C)  avoidance 
D)  modeling 
A)  reconditioning 
B)  aversive 
C)  avoidance 
D)  modeling

Question 18

By pairing the ringing of a bell with the presentation of meat, Pavlov trained dogs to salivate to the sound of a bell even when no meat was presented. In this experiment, salivation to the meat was the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  conditioned response 
B)  conditioned stimulus 
C)  unconditioned response 
D)  unconditioned stimulus 
A)  conditioned response 
B)  conditioned stimulus 
C)  unconditioned response 
D)  unconditioned stimulus

Question 19

Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, and punishment all serve to increase the occurrence of a given behavior. 
B)  Positive reinforcement serves to increase the occurrence of a given behavior whereas negative reinforcement and punishment serve to decrease its occurrence. 
C)  Positive reinforcement and negative reinforcement serve to increase the occurrence of a given behavior whereas punishment serves to decrease its occurrence. 
D)  Positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, and punishment all serve to decrease the occurrence of a given behavior. 
A)  Positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, and punishment all serve to increase the occurrence of a given behavior. 
B)  Positive reinforcement serves to increase the occurrence of a given behavior whereas negative reinforcement and punishment serve to decrease its occurrence. 
C)  Positive reinforcement and negative reinforcement serve to increase the occurrence of a given behavior whereas punishment serves to decrease its occurrence. 
D)  Positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, and punishment all serve to decrease the occurrence of a given behavior.

Question 20

When comparing the effects of continuous reinforcement with intermittent reinforcement, ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  continuous reinforcement causes longer-term changes in behavior than intermittent reinforcement 
B)  intermittent reinforcement causes longer-term changes in behavior than continuous reinforcement 
C)  neither causes long-term behavior change 
D)  both cause equally long-term changes in behavior 
A)  continuous reinforcement causes longer-term changes in behavior than intermittent reinforcement 
B)  intermittent reinforcement causes longer-term changes in behavior than continuous reinforcement 
C)  neither causes long-term behavior change 
D)  both cause equally long-term changes in behavior

Which of the following statements about punishment is not true?

In Bandura's classic study of children exposed to a film of an adult model hitting an inflated doll, both the children who saw the model rewarded and the children who saw the model punished ________.

Each of the following is true of biofeedback except ________.

In Bandura's classic (1965) study of children exposed to a film of an adult hitting an inflated doll, children who saw the model ________.

In operant conditioning, ________.

The self-modification step in which one focuses on the behavior to be acquired rather than the behaviors to be eliminated is called ________.

On a variable-ratio schedule, reinforcement is given for the ________.

Thorndike was known for his work with ________.

The idea that a behavior will increase or decrease based on the consequences that follow that behavior is crucial to ________.

Which of the following is true of research on insight?

Discuss the requirements for punishment to be effective as well as the dangers and limitations of using punishment to change behavior. Also, describe the role that avoidance training plays in using punishment to change behavior.

In partial reinforcement, the rule for determining when and how often reinforcers will be delivered is called a ________.

A dog, taught to salivate to the sound of a buzzer, learned that the buzzer was no longer followed by food and stopped salivating to the buzzer. If the the buzzer was again paired with food after a few weeks, the dog would probably ________.

A young man's fiancé calls at 11:00 p.m. every night. As the usual time for the call approaches, he looks at the phone more and more frequently. His phone-looking is being reinforced according to a ________.

Describe Kohler's and Harlow's research on insight and learning sets. What conclusions can be drawn from this research regarding animals' abilities to learn?

Learning a positive behavior that prevents an undesirable situation from occurring is called ________ training.

By pairing the ringing of a bell with the presentation of meat, Pavlov trained dogs to salivate to the sound of a bell even when no meat was presented. In this experiment, salivation to the meat was the ________.

Which of the following statements is true?

When comparing the effects of continuous reinforcement with intermittent reinforcement, ________.

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Exam 5: Learning

Which of the following statements about punishment is not true?

In Bandura's classic study of children exposed to a film of an adult model hitting an inflated doll, both the children who saw the model rewarded and the children who saw the model punished ________.

Each of the following is true of biofeedback except ________.

In Bandura's classic (1965) study of children exposed to a film of an adult hitting an inflated doll, children who saw the model ________.

In operant conditioning, ________.

The self-modification step in which one focuses on the behavior to be acquired rather than the behaviors to be eliminated is called ________.

On a variable-ratio schedule, reinforcement is given for the ________.

Thorndike was known for his work with ________.

The idea that a behavior will increase or decrease based on the consequences that follow that behavior is crucial to ________.

Which of the following is true of research on insight?

Discuss the requirements for punishment to be effective as well as the dangers and limitations of using punishment to change behavior. Also, describe the role that avoidance training plays in using punishment to change behavior.

In partial reinforcement, the rule for determining when and how often reinforcers will be delivered is called a ________.

A dog, taught to salivate to the sound of a buzzer, learned that the buzzer was no longer followed by food and stopped salivating to the buzzer. If the the buzzer was again paired with food after a few weeks, the dog would probably ________.

A young man's fiancé calls at 11:00 p.m. every night. As the usual time for the call approaches, he looks at the phone more and more frequently. His phone-looking is being reinforced according to a ________.

Describe Kohler's and Harlow's research on insight and learning sets. What conclusions can be drawn from this research regarding animals' abilities to learn?

Learning a positive behavior that prevents an undesirable situation from occurring is called ________ training.

By pairing the ringing of a bell with the presentation of meat, Pavlov trained dogs to salivate to the sound of a bell even when no meat was presented. In this experiment, salivation to the meat was the ________.

Which of the following statements is true?

When comparing the effects of continuous reinforcement with intermittent reinforcement, ________.

The Science of Psychology

The Biological Basis of Behavior

Sensation and Perception

States of Consciousness

Memory

Cognition and Mental Abilities

Motivation and Emotion

Life-Span Development

Personality

Stress and Health Psychology

Psychological Disorders

Psychological Disorders

Therapies

Social Psychology

Measurement and Statistical Methods

Psychology Applied to Work

Filters