Exam 7: Learning

Which statement about implicit learning is TRUE?

Cancer patients experiencing nausea from chemotherapy often develop taste aversions to the foods they had eaten earlier.Based on the research of Garcia and colleagues,researchers developed a technique for minimizing this negative effect;it involved giving a patient unusual foods,such as coconut or root-beer-flavoured candy,at the end of their last meal before undergoing treatment.Such a procedure attempts to establish the taste of the candy as a(n):

Chimpanzees raised in the wild watched a human model using a tool either efficiently or inefficiently and then themselves interacted with the tool.Which statement is TRUE?

Rescorla and Wagner originated which theory?

Negative reinforcers _____ and positive punishers _____ the future probability of the behaviour that led to these respective consequences.

Classical conditioning is to operant conditioning as:

Examples of primary reinforcement include food,comfort,and warmth.

_____ reinforcers help satisfy biological needs.

After he has served in combat,the sight of planes flying overhead makes a veteran feel uneasy,illustrating the behavioural process of:

Playing the hot-or-cold game,where you direct someone to move around the room towards a goal known only to you,by telling the person whether he or she is getting warmer or cooler,is an example of which behavioural process?

_____ occurs when a stimulus is presented that increases the likelihood of a behaviour.

When 3-year-old Ariel threw a tantrum over the candy she wanted,her mother gave it to her so that Ariel would calm down.Unfortunately,Ariel's temper tantrums probably have been:

All species are biological predisposed to learn some things more easily than do others.

The central nucleus of the amygdala is critical for emotional conditioning.

Flashing lights,paired with a speeding ticket,may become a primary punisher.

_____ the delay between a response and a consequence _____.

Use the following to answer questions : Scenario I Tyler is physically dependent on heroin and injects it intravenously multiple times per day.Most often,he uses with his dealer in a drug house on his street.One day when his dealer was out of town,Tyler met a group of fellow users going to a drug party about 2 hours away.Tyler tagged along,and noted that he felt odd injecting the drug in this setting,because the new people and environment were a marked departure from his usual routine.Minutes later,although the drug was of the same quality and he took no more or less than usual,Tyler overdosed and had to be rushed to the emergency room. -(Scenario I)According to a classical conditioning account of drug overdose,after numerous environment-drug pairings,the environment can:

Which statement about the observational learning that occurs when participants watched videos of dance moves relative to actually practicing the dance moves is TRUE?

Positive punishers _____ and negative punishers _____ the future probability of the behaviour that led to these respective consequences.

In Pavlov's experiments on second-order conditioning,dogs were conditioned to salivate at the sight of a black square: