Exam 7: Learning

Superstitious behaviour:

Transcranial magnetic stimulation of the motor cortex has been shown to dramatically increase the speed of observational learning by increasing the activity of mirror neurons.

Vending machines operate according to a continuous reinforcement schedule.

One day,in the midst of his babbling,baby Chad uttered the sound "mama" in the presence of his mother.Chad's mother screamed in delight.This noise startled baby Chad;he stopped uttering that sound for quite some time,illustrating the effects of:

A fixed-interval,60-second schedule delivers a reinforcer:

Suppose that a hungry pigeon B watches pigeon A step on a bar to earn food dispensed through a feeder.Pigeon A previously had been shaped to bar press for food.What is the BEST hypothesis of pigeon B's behaviour when it is subsequently placed in the operant chamber?

Slot machines pay off on schedules that are determined by the random number generator that controls the play of the machine.For example,on average,the machine might pay off every 100 pulls,but sometimes two pulls are required and sometimes several hundred pulls are required.Slot machines are a real-world example of which type of reinforcement schedule?

In recent research on neural pathways during implicit and explicit learning,participants who were given explicit instructions showed increased activity in the _____,whereas those given implicit instructions showed decreased activity in the _____.

Which term in the three-term contingency refers to the context in which behaviour occurs?

A mental representation of the physical features of the environment is called a:

The effects of learning are usually short-lived.

When something desirable has been removed upon the occurrence of a behaviour,and as a result that behaviour is weakened,_____ has happened.

Regions in the frontal and temporal lobes are thought to be part of the mirror neuron system in humans.

In some cases,observational learning may be just as effective as repeatedly practicing a skill.

If a girl smiles at her date,it is possible that her date suddenly knows she probably will return a kiss.Her smile functions as a _____ for kissing her.

Tiffany is studying for her upcoming Spanish exam by mixing problem types during the same study session.For example,she might do a verb conjugations,followed by reciting vocabulary words,followed by a reading comprehension task.This form of studying is termed:

Rats that discover food in one arm of a maze with many arms will tend to revisit that arm over and over again,searching for more food.

Every time Kasey the dog whines,her owners give her a doggie treat.As a result of her clueless owners,Kasey is a very whiney dog,illustrating the effects of _____ conditioning.

A(n)_____ schedule is based on the time between reinforcements.

A taste aversion will not form unless the sickness follows food intake within a few minutes of ingestion.