Exam 7: Learning

Discrimination occurs when an organism displays a conditioned response to the CS but does not display a conditioned response to a similar stimulus.

Animal studies suggest that it is possible to develop a phobia to a stimulus by simply watching another react fearfully to that stimulus.

Which specific cortical areas are thought to be part of the mirror neuron system in humans?

Jake can make his sister Joy give him her toys or candies by whistling without stopping until she gives in.Because she hates the sound so much,Joy will give Jake whatever he wants.Jake's act of whistling is maintained by _____,and Joy's act of giving is maintained by _____.

Which item is a primary reinforcer?

Which statement about learning is FALSE?

Frank flings a paper airplane through the air in history class.All of the students laugh.Their teacher,Mr.Curtis,becomes irate;his face turns beet red,and large veins bulge from his neck."Frank!" Mr.Curtis screams,"You are in big trouble now!" Frank really doesn't care about the trouble.The combination of the attention from the students and the emotional reaction from Mr.Curtis was plenty to ensure that Frank will keep misbehaving in class.Throwing the paper airplane,then,was:

Every time a rat presses a lever,it receives a small injection of cocaine.That rat begins pressing the lever more and more,indicating that cocaine is a:

In operant conditioning,occasionally not delivering a reinforcer when the behaviour occurs will extinguish that behaviour.

Biological predispositions may interfere with the ability to learn an operant response.

A CS paired with shock in a rat will NOT cause:

In a study by Fredman and Whitman (2008),mother-raised and human-raised capuchin monkeys watched a human model use a screwdriver to remove a lid from a container and gain access to a food reward.In separate groups of both types of monkeys,the model removed the lid by either sticking the screwdriver in a hole located in the middle of the lid or by prying the lid off from the rim.The investigators found that:

Pigeons have been taught to discriminate paintings by Monet from paintings by Picasso.

A person tries to call her friend and there is no answer.She waits a little while and tries again,but there is still no answer.She continues to try for the rest of the day,but her friend never answers.Exasperated,she gives up.What is happening to the friend-calling behaviour?

Johnny hated going to the doctor because he always received vaccinations.When he entered the doctor's office,he would become anxious and his stomach would hurt.When Johnny reached the age of 8,he was finished with his immunizations.After many trips to the doctor's office with no injections,what should happen to Johnny's anxiety and stomach ache?

Sam,a used car salesman,doesn't know how many customers he will have to approach until someone buys a car,but he does know it is possible that the very next customer will buy a car.Sam's sales behaviour is reinforced according to which type of reinforcement schedule?

A father demonstrates to his teenage daughter how to use a wrench.The daughter learns to use the wrench and then models that to her interested 10-year-old brother.He,in turn,demonstrates how to use a toy wrench to their 3-year-old sibling.This constitutes:

In an experiment studying classical conditioning,a tone sounds and 0.5 seconds later a puff of air is delivered to a participant's eye.The participant blinks.This process is repeated once per minute.After a number of trials,the participant blinks as soon as the tone sounds and before the puff of air is actually delivered.Within the context of this example,what is the UR?

A student closes her textbook,convinced that she has mastered the material.Her conclusion is an example of a(n):

Rescorla and Wagner introduced a(n)_____ component to classical conditioning.