Exam 7: Learning

In the context of John B.Watson's classical conditioning experiments,how could extinction be used to eliminate Little Albert's fear of a white rat?

Using bits of jerky as incentives,Alfred taught his pet dog to first lie down and then roll over.He MOST likely used _____ to teach his dog this trick.

Cancer patients experiencing nausea from chemotherapy often develop taste aversions to the foods they had eaten before a given treatment session.Based on the research of Garcia and colleagues,researchers developed a technique for minimizing this negative effect;it involved:

Learning to drive a car is an example of _____ learning that becomes _____ over time.

According to the _____,being raised with humans has a profound effect on the cognitive abilities of chimpanzees,resulting in a greater ability to learn by observing human models.

Which school of psychology is MOST associated with pioneering research on learning?

Laboratory monkeys that have never seen snakes or flowers watch other monkeys display a fear response to these things.Through observation,observer monkeys learn to fear:

The neurons in the pleasure centres of the brain,especially those in the nucleus accumbens,secrete _____,a neurotransmitter usually associated with positive emotions.

According to Skinner,superstitions arise when the response only occasionally causes the occurrence of the reinforcer.

A basketball coach is interested in the effectiveness of teaching specific skills by video modelling.Based on current research,what would you advise the coach?

Which item is a secondary reinforcer?

When something undesirable has been presented upon the occurrence of a behaviour,and as a result that behaviour is weakened,_____ has happened.

Relative insensitivity to delayed rewards helps explain why it is:

Students tend to devote more time to studying what they:

If connections between the amygdala and midbrain are severed,the physiological changes associated with fear conditioning will not occur.

A person will persist playing a broken slot machine longer than spending money in a broken vending machine due to the _____ effect.

Recent brain imagining research has shown that _____ is activated during artificial grammar learning and the _____ cortex is activated during sequence learning on serial reaction time tasks.

Imagine that your girlfriend loves zydeco music.Eventually,your girlfriend dumps you,walking out of your apartment in the middle of a song.Your stomach tightens,and you are sad and angry.A few weeks later,you happen to hear zydeco music in a friend's car.Assuming classical conditioning occurred,what should happen when you hear the zydeco?

The tendency of a previously extinguished behaviour to re-occur following a rest period is called:

The three-term contingency is defined as a stimulus producing an expectation leading to a response.